Evacuated artists’ contribution to the culture and education development in the Mari ASSR (1941–1945)

The development of culture and art of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War developed according to a single scenario: «Everything for the front, everything for Victory! ». At the same time this process in each rear region had its own peculiarities, which to a certain extent depended on the personnel potential of the available creative workers. The article analyses the experience of creative work of representatives of culture and art evacuated to the Mari ASSR during the Great Patriotic War. The activity of the Mari State Philharmonic Society, the Russian and Mari Drama Theatres, the Organising Committee of the Union of Soviet Composers, the Children’s Music School is considered. The features of performing, composer and pedagogical functions of evacuated creative workers are revealed. The object of the research is the process of creative and educational practice of the evacuated representatives of culture and art on the territory of the Mari ASSR. Subject – the personalities of relocated musicians. The fundamental theoretical methods were the methods of analysis, synthesis, which allowed to reveal the specificity of the activity of representatives of creative specialities of the category under consideration in the rear region. Among the empirical methods the most relevant was the method of comparison, which made it possible to reflect the general and special features of the activity of evacuated artists against the background of all-Union processes. It is shown that the labour achievements of the evacuated artists even in the deep rear made a significant contribution to the victory of the Soviet people over the fascist invaders. It is proved that educational, concert and sponsorship and composer activities of the above category of art representatives contributed to the development of culture of the Mari ASSR in 1941–1945.