Effects of soybean trypsin inhibitor on hematological parameters under water and food deprivation in rats

Proteases such as thrombin, trypsin and cathepsin G have been shown to play a key role not only in protein breakdown in the extracellular space, but also in the regulation of various physiological processes. Their functions are mediated by interactions with protease-activated receptors (PARs), which are widely expressed in various organs and tissues. Serine proteases circulating in the blood typically exhibit no enzymatic activity due to the presence of inhibitory proteins, which prevents their interaction with PARs. Currently, exogenous protease inhibitors are also known, such as soybean trypsin inhibitor, which can slow down the processes of hemostasis, fibrinolysis and platelet aggregation. Previous studies have shown a relationship between blood biochemical parameters and the activity of trypsin, the main PAR2 agonist, in the blood during water and food deprivation against the background of soybean trypsin inhibitor administration. However, effect of soybean trypsin inhibitor administration on hematological parameters under various forms of deprivation remains poorly understood. In this regard, this study demonstrates the effect of soybean trypsin inhibitor on hematological parameters in rats under water and food deprivation. It was found that during water deprivation against the background of additional soybean trypsin inhibitor administration, an increase in leukocyte levels by 38% (p<0.05), hemoglobin by 13%, hematocrit by 11% and a decrease in platelet count by 14% were observed. At the same time, food deprivation resulted in opposite changes, with a 20% decrease in leukocyte count, 5% in hemoglobin, 8% in hematocrit and 25% in platelets (p<0.05). Thus, hematological parameters are significant informative indicators for assessing compensatory and adaptive processes in rats under metabolic stress (hunger and thirst), and the introduction of STI can reduce its negative consequences.