Possibilities of molecular testing in breast cancer. Review

Molecular testing for genetic mutations has become an integral part of breast cancer treatment. The availability of PARP inhibitors (olaparib, thalazoparib) that are recommended for BRCA1/2 - associated breast cancer has created a need for hereditary cancer testing in all patients. Tumor genomic profiling is the standard of care for many types of malignancies and is becoming moreimportant in the treatment of breast cancer. The development of extracellular DNA sequencing techniques should allow for wider and easier implementation of genomic testing of tumors. Gene expression assays are used to select treatment options for early stages of hormone-sensitive breast cancer. These assays have prognostic value in prescribing adjuvant hormone therapy and predict the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy. Taken together, these developments underscore the current reality that molecular testing is part of the clinical management of patients with breast cancer.