Relationship between intelligentsia and authorities in the post-reform Russia

Russia of the second half of the XIX century has entered on the path of Russian society modernization. The main initiators of this process are state power and the new social stratum - intelligentsia. Undoubtedly, intelligentsia, which has a high level of education, active civil position and moral-ethical qualities, has an influence of ruling the country. This article demonstrates different views of two subjects of culture - intelligentsia and authorities - on reforming Russia of the second half of the XIX - beginning of XX cent. It assesses their activity, which led to the consequences disastrous for them and Russian reality (revolutions of 1905-1907). The article describes in much detail the goals, methods and ways used by these two groups. However, revolution demonstrated very clearly the utopic and tragic nature of all projects. The cause of failure was the fact that intelligentsia and authority were to achieve the same goal in two different ways. The author demonstrates that what these subjects needed in the studied period was to unite for the formation of a new model of Russian political culture, in which special attention would have been paid not to arousing the protests of the masses, but to their spiritual development and upbringing.