Sources of large-berry grape varieties of the Anapa ampelographic collection

The aim of the study is to examine grape varieties in the collection of the Anapa Experimental Station in order to identify genetic sources of large-berry fruit. Varieties that are donors or sources of economically valuable traits, such as high productivity, large-berry fruit, stress resistance, adaptability, and taste, are found among representatives of the eco-geographical groups of European-Asian grapes. This work is relevant because it is the foundation for the selection process of grape culture and the production of new zoned large-berry varieties that are in great demand on the market and necessary in times of import substitution. Currently, the collection consists of many varieties of different eco-geographical origins, table and technical uses. The gene pool of grapes is replenished every year. These varieties are used annually in breeding to develop new high-quality grape varieties. The objects of research were the source varieties of large-berry grapes from different geographical zones. In this research work, modern programs and methods were used along with traditional breeding methods. The paper presents four sources of large-berry grapes, gives their brief characteristics, shows the dynamics of the main phenological and agrobiological indicators for 2021-2023. Among the source varieties, the following varieties stand out in terms of the fruiting coefficient: Brigantina (K1 - 1.0-1.2) and Muromets (K1 - 1.0-1.1), and in terms of yield per bush - Pobeditel, Brigantina and Yubiley Moldavii. These varieties are used in experimental work on varietal directed crossing of supposed carriers of economically valuable selection traits and further obtaining seeds of new hybrid offspring.