The economy of the closed cycle of St. Petersburg: environmental innovations and development of resource-efficient production

Every year, St. Petersburg generates about 1.8 million tons of municipal solid waste, which is approximately 2.57% of the total waste generated in Russia. By 2030, each region must ensure that all municipal waste is processed. St. Petersburg is ahead of schedule in achieving this goal, with plans to reach 100% by 2026. The goal of a closed-loop economy is not only to reduce the burden on landfills, but also to create conditions for the development of resource-efficient production systems that use a minimum amount of primary raw materials. The article compares the definitions of a closed-loop economy in the European Union and Russia, analyzes the work of the Center for Environmental Innovation of the Committee for Environmental Management, Protection of the Environment, and Ensuring Environmental Safety in St. Petersburg, which is engaged in testing new technological solutions, and clarifies the term resource-saving production systems.