Климатическая повестка США как возможность социально-политической трансформации американского общества

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Введение статьи включает обоснование зависимости климатической политики и социально-экономической трансформации в американском обществе. Цель излагаемого исследования состоит в обосновании тезиса, что климатический кризис это проблема, требующая комплексных инфраструктурных изменений. В качестве материалов используются международные договоры, законы и протоколы, принятые Конгрессом США, распоряжения и планы правительства США, выступления и переписка политических деятелей США, исследовательские статьи и монографии ведущих ученых из различных стран. Проводится анализ политической практики администрации президента Джо Байдена в условиях выполнения принятых на США обязательств по Парижскому климатическому соглашению, а также новых встречных социальных и экономических проблем, связанных c использованием углеводородов. В статье анализируется деятельность Агентства по охране окружающей среды, действия сторонников и противников применения ископаемого топлива. В основу используемой методологии положены принципы научного исторического исследования, в качестве методологического подхода использован рационалистический подход, в качестве методов исследования применены специально-исторические методы: системный и генетический. Результатами и выводами исследования стали утверждения автора о том, что борьба за справедливый энергетический переход в период 2016-2020 гг. сделала американское общество более поляризованным и разделенным по представлениям и действиям о принимаемых мерах. Особую роль в этом движении стала проявлять так называемая общность «бай-пок» (BIPOC) как основная сила в период перемен и как надежда на создание более справедливого общества в Америке. Принятый в 2022 г. закон о снижении инфляции создал условия для консолидации американского общества. В качестве видимых тенденций социально-политической модернизации после утверждения этого закона, следует ожидать в 2023 г. изменения: в здравоохранении по большей доступности лекарств и снижения на них цен; большей доступности числа граждан по медицинскому страхованию; снижение затрат граждан на электроэнергию и повышение энергоэффективности бытовой техники; снижение налоговой нагрузки для мало- и среднеобеспеченных граждан.

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Сша, климатический кризис, климатическая политика, агентство по охране окружающей среды сша,

Короткий адрес: https://sciup.org/149143771

IDR: 149143771   |   DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.8

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