Основные направления и результаты селекции томата ФНЦ риса

The main directions and results of tomato breeding of FSC of rice

Relevance. Тomato is one of the most popular vegetable crops in the southern regions of Russia. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to varieties that better meet the most diverse requirements of agricultural organizations, peasant farms, gardeners, summer residents, and the canning industry. New, more productive and original varieties are required, which have comprehensive resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors of the region. This is especially true in the south of Russia, where high solar insolation contributes to sunburn of fruits, and weather conditions are favor- able for the development of diseases and the stress load on plants is maximum. The purpose of the study. To create varieties and heterotic hybrids with a combination of valuable economic characteristics by crossing lines with different genotypes adapted to the natural and climatic conditions of southern Russia and meeting the requirements of producers. Materials and Methods. Long-term research was carried out in the department of vegetable growing of the "Federal Scientific Rice Centre" located in the central soil and climatic zone of the Krasnodar Territory (Southern Federal District). The research material includes varieties, hybrids, and promising combinations based on functional male sterility. The methods of classical breeding were used in the breeding work. Results. As a result of many years of continuous breeding work, new high–yielding tomato varieties and hybrids have been created in recent years: F1 Zarnitsa-75 and Zhanna hybrids for salad purposes; Malysh variety for processing; Victor variety for universal purposes. All varieties and hybrids with stable realization of their potential, with a high level of plasticity and resistance to adverse environ- mental factors have a determinant bush type, good foliage, which completely protects the fruits from sunburn.