Prospects for an intravesical method of administration of targeted drugs for bladder cancer

The problem of increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy for bladder cancer is a key task of modern oncology. Despite successes in developing new drugs and treatments, the recurrence rate of the disease remains high, especially in patients with superficial tumors. One promising approach is to find the optimal route for drug delivery directly to the patient's bladder via intravesical administration of cytotoxic agents. Modern studies show that the effectiveness of this method is due to the local achievement of high concentrations of the drug in the immediate vicinity of tumor cells, minimizing the side effects of systemic toxicity and the possibility of preventing the spread of metastases. However, this technique has a number of limitations due to the need for individual selection of treatment regimen, dependence on the characteristics of tumors and individual sensitivity of patients' bodies. Therefore, further research into the mechanisms of drug interaction with tumor cells and development of personalized treatment regimens as well as improvement of intravesicular injection techniques are important areas for scientific research in urological oncology. These efforts will significantly improve quality of care for bladder cancer patients and reduce mortality rates.