Various herbs biological characteristics distributed in the irrigated areas of the northern part of Lesser Caucasus

Бюллетень науки и практики / Bulletin of Science and Practice

Increasing feed production, expanding crops, pastures, and herbage areas and increasing productivity are key factors in improving livestock production and increasing productivity in our country. Increasing livestock products, above all, can be achieved by developing fodder in our country and creating a feed base. It is impossible to develop animal husbandry without feed, to meet the increasing demand for livestock products, the livestock industry, and to protect people's health [3].

Different herbs are found in forested meadows and humid places. Generally, different herbs are found in each of the natural climatic regions. Compared to other agrobotanic groups, the species composition of the various herbs has been rich, and feed quality has been studied very little. Usually, these plants are considered as plants as harmful or low-quality feed and are not desirable for grass and pastures. However, many species of different herbs (dandelion, caraway, hawkweed, etc.) are eaten well in the grass and in the pasture by the animals [1].

• F. A. Stepanov shows that the cows eat well these: Jarrow, dandelion, tussock Centaurea, hawkweed, caraway, self-heal [2].

Observations show that the eating of these species is considerably reduced after the stages of the floristic vegetation. It should be noted that, as the feed quality of different plants included in the herbs group differs from one another, the same plant species has different feed quality, depending on the natural environment in which it relies on sea level.

There are a number of herb varieties that attract attention as different fodder plants within different herbs. Thus, the fodder crops which have recently been introduced in the natural vegetation of our republic have been identified and their feed quality has been studied. Some promising species are already used in many regions. From these species can be shown Sosnovski cow-parsnip, cypress [4].

This plant is well mixed with a mixed state with clean and hard-mixed plants. 1 kg cowparsnip of mixed contains 85,0% water, 1,9% protein, 6,19% non-azine extractive acid, 2,9% cellulose, 1,53% oil, 2,34% ash and 1,2% carotene. Green mass and mixed are well digested.

In one center of the green mass, 14 fodder units are contained in proteins digested in 1 kg, while in mixed there are 115 feed units and 1,3 kg of digested protein.

Together with the creation of agrosenos, it is also important to make these areas useful by sowing its seeds in winter pastures in the semi-desert and steppes of natural vegetation. Scientific research in this field has already given a positive result. The task is to disseminate this work on a large scale and to make the country's natural winter pastures useful.

The experiments show that as a result of sprinkling seeds cypress with 5 kilograms per hectare in the steppe fields used as grass plant, the productivity of the grass vegetation has increased by 8,3 cents per hectare compared to the second year. This means that, in addition to 1 hectare, 449,3 feed units, 461 kg of digested protein is obtained [4].

Different herbs can be divided into two subgroups, such as high-trunk and low-trunk:

• 1.    Rapidly growing high-trunk species of different herbs compresses grains and legumes which are valuable forage crops (horse dock sorrel, Sosnowski cow-parsnip, hellebore, colt s foot, cephalgia). In the meadow, these are considered harmful plants for the farm. Their presence in the composition of the herbs is undesirable. So, they have big, hard, and badly digested trunks. After drying the leaves of the gathered grass are completely poured.

• 2.    Low-trunk various herbs (bellflower, plantain, cranesbill, speedwell, etc.) have a small number in grass mix.

Semi-parasite and parasitic plants are also found in different herbs. Examples include eyebright, Chionanthus, lousewort, and so on. Can be shown. The roots of half-parasitic plants have the ability to suck. They suck foodstuffs from the roots of other plants and weaken valuable fodder plants by developing. From parasitic plants to dodder, broomrape the herb feeds at the expense of other plants, which ultimately leads to its destruction. Well, in these natural plants, these plants are rarely found. Many types of herbs are toxic and harmful. It is frequently encountered in plants (harmful plants) that do not contain poisonous substances but have a bad effect on the health of animals that lower the quality of animal products when eaten. There are also plants that give an unwanted taste to milk when they are eaten by cows. Such plants include penny-cress, wild cabbage, wormwood, mustard, winter-cress, and so on. species. There are also some plants that paint the milk in red, blue, and yellow. Such plants forget-me-not, spurge, onion, bedstraw, cow wheat, and other types. When animals eat some plants, the digestive tract produces severe disorders, which in turn ultimately leads to pain in the stomach, and so on generates. Such plants can be shown cottongrass, palm-grass, so on. Many plants make wool dirty. These include stick-seed, hounds tongue, and so on. The systematic structure of the various herbs spread in natural and irrigated areas is given in Table [4].

Table

DIFFERENT HERBS

One of the benefits of various herbs spread in natural and irrigated areas is their pasture value. Forage crops are important in increasing the productivity of the pastures, enriching and improving the vegetation cover. For example, alfalfa, sainfoin orchard-grass mixed with the fodder crops while sprinkling seeds, increase the productivity of the pastures and enriches the vegetation. One of the positive signs of feed crops is that in our country, these plants produce crops in the mountainous zone, where annual precipitation amounts to 450-550 mm. As a result of the research, 13 species, 12 gender, 9 families from various herbs are spread in the irrigated areas of the northern part of the Small Caucasus. A comparative analysis of the varieties of the variety of herbs spread in the area, the quality of feed, and the agrobotal groups was conducted. As a result of the research, it has been established that when fodder is grown, various herbs compete with sainfoin and alfalfa produce grasses as much as them [4, 5].