Reviews and reports. Рубрика в журнале - Arctic and North
2022: The Russian Arctic in Times of Change
Статья научная
The purpose of the article is to comprehend the problems of the Russian Arctic against the background of a special military operation in Ukraine in 2022. The research methodology is based on interdisciplinarity, general scientific methods, priority use of primary sources. The author investigates the current topics of determining the outer limits of the Russian continental shelf in the Arctic, Russia’s participation in the Arctic Council, the US Arctic strategy in 2019, 2022 and the US Arctic strategy in 2022. The volume of freight traffic in the Northern Sea Route and the Arctic Basin over the past few years, the activities of the newly established in 2022 FSBI “Glavsevmorput”, the creation of a single platform of digital services are analyzed. Due to Russia’s ongoing Asian turn in international relations to the east, the increase in the volume of cargo transportation to Asia and the sanctions of the collective West, there is an urgent need to bring existing regulations, navigation rules in line with the current reality in the economy and politics, to ensure the security of the entire Russian Arctic. In perspective, the transformation of the NSR water area into the sea transport corridor from Murmansk in the west to Vladivostok in the east becomes quite possible. In 2022, a modified procedure for identifying existing names of geographical objects was approved. An important aspect is the appearance on the map of the names of the Russians participated in the study of the Arctic. The complex of external and internal challenges in the Russian Arctic is not limited to the problems mentioned in the article and requires further research.
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A Linguosemiotic Study of Nominations of Northern Lights in Russian and German
Статья научная
The article studies lexical designations of the natural phenomenon of the Northern lights in scientific, literary, journalistic and advertising texts of German- and Russian-speaking authors. The purpose is to compare and contrast their implementation in German and Russian Arctic discourses. The study of semantics, syntactics and pragmatics of lexical designations of the phenomenon allows authors to comprehensively assess the views of German and Russian scientists, writers, poets, journalists, representatives of tourism and advertising business on the northern lights. A comparative study of lexical designations of the northern Lights in the focus of German and Russian Arctic discourses shows the similarity in the presentation of the lexical categories under consideration according to the existing universal (scientific) world picture and the differences in the implementation of lexical designations of northern lights, explained by the national world picture of the representatives of two compared linguistic cultures.
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A Word about the "Russian North" Concept
Статья научная
The purpose of the review is to study the essence of the concept “Russian North” in the available written sources and in various branches of scientific knowledge. The historical process of the article is localized in a vast space from the Velikiy Novgorod, the Novgorod Veche Republic to Karelia, the coasts of the White and Barents Seas — the Arkhangelsk and Kola North, the NorthEast (Komi). The Russian North is understood as a hybrid concept that requires interpretation of economics, politics, society, culture, archeology, history, geography, ethnology, ethnography, philosophy, philology and other branches of scientific knowledge. The conceptual content is associated with modern understanding of historical evolution from the past to the present as a result of the thesaurus of knowledge accumulated over centuries.
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A great scientific tour in the North of Russia
Статья научная
The coverage of various issues related to the Russian-Norwegian relations has always been important for the residents of both countries. Opportunities to present new documents and materials, to discuss the importance of centuries-old good neighborly relations between Russia and Norway, especially in the North, are not provided often. At the end of April 2018, large-scale scholarly events, devoted specifically to this topic, took place in Nikel and Murmansk. So, a scientific-practical seminar “Russia, Norway and the North. Historical relations” was held in Nikel on April 25 and on the next day in Murmansk the international conference “Neighbors in the Far North: historical ties between Russia and Norway” took place. One of the reasons for these measures was the presentation of the collective monograph “Getting closer: Russia and Norway 1814–1917”. The book was written jointly by Norwegian and Russian historians within the framework of a long-lasting historical megaproject (2008–2015) (led by J.P. Nielsen, AHR, UIT-The Arctic University of Norway). In November 2017 the book was published in Russian in Moscow by the “Ves’ Mir” publishing house after three years of preparation. It is the translation of a monograph, richly illustrated, about the history of Russian-Norwegian relations in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, originally published in Norwegian by the Pax Forlag AS, Oslo under the title “Russland kommer nærmere” in 2014.
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Статья научная
The history of Russia and Norway and their areas in the Arctic and Russian-Norwegian relations are traditionally important for the residents of both states. Opportunities to present new documents and materials, to discuss the significance of centuries-old ties between Russia and Norway, especially in the North, are not provided so often. In early April 2019, a large-scale scientific seminar of Russian and Scandi-navian historians, philologists, and archaeologists was held at the University of Tromsø — the Arctic University of Norway. It was precisely dedicated to the issues listed above. One of the reasons for the meeting was the jubilee of the Honorary Doctor of the Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Professor J.P. Nielsen. Also, the seminar hosted the presentation of a collective scientific collection written by associates of J.P. Nielsen from various countries — “In the North, the East and the West meet.”
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A multidimensional Arctic: horizons of development
Статья научная
The article presents an overview of events and presentations at the round table “Modern Arctic: Issues of International Cooperation, Politics, Economy and Security” held in Moscow in November 2017 by the Institute of Europe of RAS and devoted to various aspects and prospects of the development of the Arc-tic. The main goal of the event was to analyze risks and opportunities in key areas of cooperation and management in the Arctic: international cooperation, security, economy, ecology and social sphere. And, the formation of the Arctic consciousness and involvement in the Arctic issues with the help of mass media that covered the event widely, electronic and printed scientific publications based on its results.
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A new book on the history of the Murman coast colonization
Статья научная
The review of the book by P.V. Fedorov and A.A. Malashenkov “Soil on the Northern rocks: Orthodox necropolis of the Murmansk coast of the Barents Sea (1863–1920)”. The study based on the processing of metrical books made it possible to publish the information about 2,524 persons of the Orthodox religion buried on the Murmansk coast, or drowned in the sea in 1863–1920. The Authors found the demographic statistics related to the appearance of the settlements with permanent population. The book clarifies the idea of “cultural soil”, local and family-genealogical structures in the Russian Arctic, and it also contributes to the historical personification of the Murmansk coast.
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A new scientific publication on the economic and socio-cultural development of the Russian Arctic
Статья научная
The article represents a review of the book by N.U. Zamyatina and A.N. Pilyasov “The Russian Arctic: towards new understanding of the development processes” and provides the reader with a new scientific publication on the Arctic topic. The book is very diverse in its subject matter. It focuses on the location and economy of the Arctic towns, the cycles of the development of the Arctic territories, the specifics and prospects of the Arctic business, the regularities of human capital dynamics and the opportunities for technological innovation in the Russian Arctic. The book contains a large amount of statistical data and it is wellillustrated with diagrams and maps. The book by N.U. Zamyatina and A.N. Pilyasov will be of interest not only to specialists in the economic geography, but also to researchers of social sciences and humanities.
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About Russian Alaska and Its Ruler A.A. Baranov
Статья научная
The purpose of this study is to analyze the present and past of the history of Alaska. Such a combination of times highlighted the most difficult problem of ambiguous attitude to the historical past in the USA from the standpoint of modernity. In the process of destroying monuments under the onslaught of the Black Lives Matter movement, the local Indian population accused the long-gone A.A. Baranov of racism, persecution of the indigenous population, enslavement of Tlingits and Aleuts for hunting fur-bearing animals. On July 14, 2020, the Sitka town and district assembly supported these accusations and decided to move his monument from the town square to the local museum. The review article reveals the objective conditions of the historical process during the period of A.A. Baranov's activity in Alaska in 1790–1818, using the methods of historicism, search and systematization of information, analysis and synthesis. The assessment of his personality is updated. The article shows the beginning of G.I. Shelikhov's and A.A. Baranov's activity in the North-Eastern Company, and then its transformation in 1799 into the Russian-American Company (RAC). The article examines the war with the Tlingit people of 1802–1804, the missionary work of Herman Alaskinskiy, three assessments of the nature of Russian colonization, N.P. Rezanov's plan for the modernization of RAC. The episode with Russia's sale of Alaska to the United States is also being clarified.
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About the new book of L. I. Nevzorov ‛Tracks of the vagabonds’
Статья научная
Reviewing a new book by L. I. Nevzorov about Pinejie ‛Tracks of the vagabonds’.
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Статья научная
The purpose of the article is to present to a wide range of readers the All-Russian scientific and educational project “Preserve the Nenets Language and Culture Together”, which is implemented at the Northern (Arctic) Federal University in cooperation with other institutions and organizations related to the study of the Nenets language and the preservation of Nenets culture. The problem that representatives of science, education, politics, economics, and social sphere are working to solve is to find effective mechanisms for preserving the languages and culture of the indigenous peoples of the Arctic region, which include the Nenets as the target group of the project. The paper provides a scientific rationale of the project, outlines the theory and practice of studying, describing, the possibilities of preserving the language and culture of the Nenets people. The authors describe the interdisciplinary activities and forms of work within the framework of the project being implemented since 2022 on the basis of current data of linguistics, pedagogy, cultural studies. Monitoring studies, academic activities, research projects, cultural and educational work, decisions and agreements reached are presented, aimed at transferring knowledge and achieving synergy in preserving the Nenets language and culture. The article substantiates the necessity of further implementation of the project, which allows coordinating the work of specialists of different organizations and structures, to build a language educational policy of interregional and regional levels in the Arctic territories of the Russian Federation, aimed at balanced preservation of the language and culture of the Nenets people.
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Arctic Agenda of SPIEF 2023 — Digital, Economic, Environmental, and Socio-Cultural Aspects
Статья научная
The article summarizes the results of the 26th St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF-2023), which took place in St. Petersburg from June 14 to 17, 2022. V. P. Zhuravel, Head of the Centre for Arctic Studies of the Institute of Europe RAS, is a permanent member of the Forum. In 2023, he attended the meetings of all 15 events of the “Arctic: Territory of Dialogue” program. The article deals with issues that were widely discussed at SPIEF-2023, related to the prospects and opportunities for international cooperation, social, economic and investment development of the Arctic regions, Arctic biodiversity, development of specially protected natural areas, northern cities, human resources, scientific and educational potential of the Arctic, branding of the northern regions, digitalization of the northern territories. All these topics are widely covered by the CAS IE RAS scientific group on a regular basis. The author also analyses the development of the tourism, culture, and film industries in the Arctic with a focus on the promotion of Arctic topics in the media. Speakers of the thematic sections emphasized the increasing role of the Arctic in the social and economic development of the Russian Federation, noted the negative consequences of limiting the activities of the Arctic Council. The forum was held under the slogan “Sovereign development is the basis of a just world. Let's join forces for the sake of future generations”.
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Arctic Agenda of the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF-2023)
Статья научная
The article summarizes the general results of the 26th St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF-2023), which took place in St. Petersburg from 14 to 17 June 2023. The author, as a participant of the forum, attended all 15 events of the business program “The Arctic: Territory of Dialogue”, organized by the Ministry for the Development of the Far East and the Arctic. The article focuses on the problems of international cooperation, including with Asian countries, and the development of the Northern Sea Route.
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Arctic: nanotechnology, military-industrial complex, Investment, national idea
Статья научная
Review of materials of the international investment summit on investment and development of the nano, engineering and biological, information and communication technologies, fuel and energy and raw material base of the Arctic region, the Arctic as a Russian national idea.
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Статья научная
Review of the IV International Forum held on December 10—11, 2014 in St. Petersburg.
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Arctic: the prospects for sustainable development
Статья
Review of the international scientific conference held on the 26th—29th of November2014 in Yakutsk, Sakha Republic (Yakutia)
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Arts unite: The Third International Snow Festival in Tromsø
Статья научная
The article is a brief overview of the Third International Snow Festival in Tromsø, January 23–26, 2019, from the perspective of international cooperation in northern Europe in the context of the world culture integration and cross-cultural dialogue.
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Статья научная
The article deals with the economic specifics of the peninsula’s territory, which is closely related to the resources of both the mainland and the ocean. Using the example of the Murmansk Oblast, an approach is proposed to study the industrial development of the peninsular region in the Soviet period, taking into account the competition of two versions. One of them was aimed at creating an “oceanic” economy – the fishing industry and marine transport. Another version served the “mainland” economy, represented mainly by mining industry. Specific historical materials are used to examine the pendulum effect, i.e. the fluctuations between these two versions and the formation of prerequisites for diversification. Of particular interest is the experience of combining two versions, which appeared in 1923, when an industrial transport and colonization combine was created on the basis of the Murmansk railway, and later, during the industrialization of the 1930s. It is debatable whether the two old versions were successfully transformed into the third “ocean-mainland” one, based on the idea of the integrated development of the resources of the Kola Peninsula and the seas surrounding it, which was most noticeably manifested during the Soviet economic reform of 1957. The prospects for studying this issue may be related to the use of methods of historical and economic analysis.
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Botanical Excursions on the Sørøya Island in Northern Norway
Статья научная
Bilingual guidebook “Botanical excursions on the northern Sørøya (Finnmark, Norway)” is presented in the article.
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