Статьи журнала - Bulletin Social-Economic and Humanitarian Research
Все статьи: 294
Historical-psychological and cultural foundations of the formation of russian national identity
Статья научная
The article examines the factors of the development of historical, psychological and cultural identity in modern Russia. It is shown that the integrity of the traditional ethnocultural space of the Russian ethnos is characterized by the main parameters - differentiation at the level of ethnically marked objects that define its boundaries, first of all, these are objectified forms of culture: types of settlements, buildings for residential and economic purposes, the organization of interiors, everyday life, complexes of traditional clothing, ritual objects, etc, integration at the level of universal worldview categories, which are a system of interconnected concepts that form the picture of the world of an ethnos - an integral worldview model inherent in a certain type of culture. Reflecting the most general ways of describing the world and modeling the ethnocultural space, they ensure its integrity, finding each component of culture a correspondence to the mentality and picture of the world as a whole.
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History of Informed Society: the Discovery of Time and Space
Статья научная
This article discusses the issues of the information society in shaping the culture of the peoples of Central Asia throughout the IX-XVI centuries. The history of the development of society, its role in modern globalized time and space is shown, completely new views on the history of mankind in the field of information are analyzed. Attention is drawn to an understanding of the life and essence of a person, as well as such phenomena as informatization, and the hypotheses about the history of the development of the information society on the analytical-comparative method are explained.
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Interaction of the Orthodox Church and the State in Russia at the Present Stage
Статья научная
The article examines the relationship of church and secular authorities at the present stage in the Russian state. It is shown that, after decades of forced isolation, the Russian Orthodox Church is gradually beginning to take the most energetic part in the moral development of Russian society. Particular attention is paid to the doctrine of the Russian Church, which identifies important principles of spiritual regeneration, which will guide the Church in its relations with government institutions in the future.The scientific problem resolved in the article reveals the need for a historical analysis of the relationship between the Church and society. This helps to determine the meaning and place of the Orthodox Church in the existing moral and social environment, as well as to determine the objective status of the state in the world system in accordance with the principles of the Orthodox faith.
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Islamic factor in the modern political life of Central Asian countries
Статья научная
The article discusses the rapid development of modern socio-political relations, the rapid development of communication and information technologies, the expansion of ideological influence, the impulse to improve the style and means of communication, as well as the criminal threats of society. The study emphasizes the fact that the minds and hearts of peoples of different parts of the world turn into a training ground for testing various ideas, in other words, an ideological training ground for training. It is also clear that the activities of fanatical political Islamists and religious extremist movements, disguising religion and trying to undermine religious values, are one of the threats to our children's spirituality. Acts of robbery and aggression, terrorism and subversive activity under the flag of religion, which cause all kinds of harm to society, form the basis for the formation of interethnic and inter-religious hatred, nationalism and religious differences among the younger generation. To combat this, it is necessary to increase the social activity of the young generation, and it is very important, as never before, to “fight with thought against thought, idea against idea, enlightenment against aggression”.
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Japanese foreign policy at the end of the XX-th century
Статья научная
The article shows the gap between the economic success of post-war Japan, associated with the organic combination of traditional elements of management and Western innovations, on the one hand, and its "secondary" role in world politics, due to its dependence on the United States, on the other. Special attention is paid to Japans foreign policy, in particular, the steps towards changing the Constitution, the desire for membership in the UN Security Council, all these facts indicate Japans desire to change its political image, to abandon unilateral Americanization, which has gone too far. However, a new acquisition of geopolitical independence of this country in the current global balance of power seems unlikely.
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Land relations in the russian village during the agrarian revolution (1917-1921)
Статья научная
The agrarian revolution in 1917-1921 included economic, social and political processes, which was reflected in the change in the social system of the village. The article shows the changes that took place in land relations, which largely determined the fate of the Russian village in the twentieth century. In addition, the great experience of studying this topic in domestic and foreign historiography is shown. The paper presents a rethought view of land relations based on a previously unused set of sources, including the regional level, which are rarely used by researchers. This allowed the authors to reach a new level of theme development. Today, the agrarian problem in Russia again needs to be resolved. Theoretical comprehension of the chosen path cannot be carried out without the history of the accomplished transformations.
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Language Consciousness as a Synthesis of Universal and Ethnically Specific
Статья научная
The purpose of the research in this article is to study the problem of linguistic consciousness in linguistics, as well as a description of the universal and ethnically specific features of the formation of linguistic consciousness. The authors describe the principles of studying linguistic consciousness in modern humanitarian science. The article uses linguocultural and linguocognitive methods for revealing the mental and linguistic processes occurring in the linguistic consciousness of a person. The problem of linguistic consciousness and its components is multifaceted and studied by scientists in cognitive linguistics, linguoculturology, psychology, psycholinguistics, intercultural communication. Language consciousness is considered universal and ethnically specific in linguistic consciousness. The article considers the image that forms the basis of linguistic consciousness and reflects the specifics of the national culture of a certain linguistic cultural community, national perception and awareness of the surrounding reality. Due to the presence of a universal component in linguistic consciousness, communication between representatives of different linguocultural communities is possible. The national specificity of linguistic consciousness is manifested in the totality of the national characteristics of the native speakers, which include the way of thinking and reflection of reality and the mental warehouse. The study of linguistic consciousness will help to establish effective interpersonal contacts of representatives of different linguocultural communities.
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Legal Basics of Status of the Orthodox Church in Russia
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the history of relations between the state and the Church. In the history of the Church there are many dramatic pages: rivalry and open confrontation, the desire of the Church authorities to subdue the state power and the struggle of the state for a way out of the influence and control of the Church. Special attention is paid to the relations of secular and Church authorities, which permeate the histo-ry of many States. These relations served as the basis for the development of various philosophical theories, changes in social ideas about the functions of religious ideology. In recent years, the influence of the Church and religious norms and values on the life of society in post-socialist States has increased markedly.This is to some extent due to a significant change in living conditions and approach to religion as the most important unifying force and factor of spiritual and moral revival of Russia. It is shown that today in Russia there is a consolidation of religious denominations and freedom of religion is the highest value.
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Legal Framework of Local Self-Government in Russia
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the history of relations between the state and the Church. In the history of the Church there are many dramatic pages: rivalry and open confrontation, the desire of the Church authorities to subdue the state power and the struggle of the state for a way out of the influence and control of the Church. Special attention is paid to the relations of secular and Church authorities, which permeate the histo-ry of many States. These relations served as the basis for the development of various philosophical theories, changes in social ideas about the functions of religious ideology. In recent years, the influence of the Church and religious norms and values on the life of society in post-socialist States has increased markedly.This is to some extent due to a significant change in living conditions and approach to religion as the most important unifying force and factor of spiritual and moral revival of Russia. It is shown that today in Russia there is a consolidation of religious denominations and freedom of religion is the highest value.
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Mapping Out the Domain of an African Philosopher
Статья научная
The question, who is a philosopher? seems simple at surface value but when looked at deeply, becomes perplexing and even annoying. What criteria are to be used to categorize someone as a philosopher? In answer to this question, many criteria have been given in history; some of them too embracing that, there make all human beings philosophers, and some too strict that some who have a genuine claim to being philosophers are shockingly left out.I have been bothered for years about the loose criteria that qualifies every human as a philosopher, but what prompt this research is the strict criteria that put even those with a Ph.D in philosophy at risk of being excluded from the category - philosopher. This worrying criterion is the one adopted by Chimakonam and others of his ilk.They argue that a philosopher is one that mainly creates ideas. This research lays forth a criteria for assessing who a philosopher is one that avoids both extremes, bridges the dichotomy between thought and practice and would enhance the speedy development of African philosophy. As will be explained in the body of the work, a philosopher is one who consciously and deliberately either preoccupies self with the creation of ideas, interprets (analyzes) ideas or applies ideas.
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Статья научная
The article describes the features of the industrial development of the Tashkent region. Within one region, an industrial complex was analyzed. Some views of theorists on regional development are given. The opinions of these scientists on the factors affecting the development of industry in the region are analyzed. The economic potential and geographical location of the regions can lead to a clear division of the individual territories in industrial production. The economic and industrial potential of the Tashkent region was evaluated. It also analyzes the economic potential of the region. The role of regional sectors of the economy in the country is considered. It describes the economic potential of districts and cities, the availability of financial resources and the level of development of scientific and technological progress. It indicates the need to change the principles of state regulation of the scientific sphere for innovative development and the effective functioning of the regions industry, foreign experience is an example of organizational and economic measures supporting the innovative development of the regions industry. The composition of factors influencing the innovative development of the regions industry is also analyzed in turn. In particular, the emphasis in innovation is on the development of the human factor, science and technology. It is known that the growth of industrial production is not due to the expansion of extensive factors, but to a well-thought-out consistent policy in a systemic market economy, attracting foreign investment, profound structural changes in the economy, modernization and renewal of production, new export-oriented industries and enterprises organization through the development of private entrepreneurship. Particular attention is paid to the innovative development of industrial production. This makes it necessary to study the world experience in the innovative development of the regions industry. In this regard, the article also uses the results of the experience of developed countries in this area. World experience also provides examples of organizational and economic measures to support the innovative development of industry in the region. Recommendations are given on the targeted application of these measures. In conclusion, recommendations on the sustainable development of industry in the region are presented.
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Medical Centers and the Russian Orthodox Church: Development Prospects
Статья
The article examines the participation and assistance of the Orthodox Church in solving problems that allowed to give a scientific justification for the cooperation of health care and Orthodox religious institutions, to determine their role in the historical context and structure of modern healthcare in Russia. The article presents an algorithm for organizing sisters of mercy, their system of upbringing. Particular attention is given to the possibility of teaching the course "Foundations of Orthodox Culture" in secular educational institutions. Research materials can serve as a basis for the formation of morally sound positions of medical workers and the population on the main problems of medical activity. Based on the study, the authors published a series of articles in which the experience of the work of the Orthodox Church in the charitable sphere has been summarized. This experience can be used to create new charitable institutions, including those who provided medical assistance. In preparing the article, the authors used concrete historical, civilizational, formational and social methods of research that allowed us to uncover facts, phenomena and processes in the interconnection and unity of the past, present and future.
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Статья научная
Current conditions and problems of foreign policy determine the problem of food provision for the population as the most important. This problem is of paramount strategic importance for the country, since food security is one of the main indicators of the quality of life.Agriculture is faced with the task of determining the volume of production, taking into account the level of monetary incomes, purchasing power, effective demand for agricultural products, raw materials and food, the production potential of agriculture and manufacturing in the region, the dynamics of the price of agricultural products and the availability of spare products.As a tool for agricultural production planning, it is proposed to use a one-dimensional time series model and construct an additive time series model. As a result, the authors calculated three variants of the forecast of consumption of the main types of food products, which take into account: scientifically based nutrition norms; methodological recommendations for calculating the subsistence level in the regions of the Russian Federation; actual level of consumption. The calculations showed a high degree of reliability of the planned indicators and the availability of an acceptable level of income. The proposed methods allow planning the production, import and consumption of some types of agricultural products.
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Methodology of the Cognition of History of A. Toynbee
Статья научная
The question of the dual orientation of the historical process is currently being sharply debated. On the one hand, in the course of history, there is a desire for unity and integrity of the human community, on the other - we see a tendency for each subject to preserve the social reality of his independence, uniqueness and individuality. This contradiction is not a product of the theoretical reflection of researchers; this phenomenon has objective grounds hidden in the dialectical essence of social phenomena, the nature of which has not been sufficiently studied. This circumstance leads to the fact that researchers disagree about the driving mechanisms and the nature of the historical process. Some highlight the idea of unity, others the idea of identity. This is where various versions of the course of history emerge, among which the most debatable in social philosophy are concepts based on two alternative approaches - linear-formational and cultural-civilizational. Modern science can adequately and accurately describe the specific societies that existed in the historical process, but does not have the tools that would clearly define the system-forming bases of civilizations.Thus, there is a crisis in the modern methodology of socio-historical knowledge. The methodology is designed to form the scientific and educational background for the conduct of specific historical research: from the formulation of the problem to the interpretation of the results. Closely related to the methodology are research methods, which include procedures, techniques and tools for research, analysis, validation and evaluation of data. It must be assumed that the future of the methodology of comprehending the historical process will depend on a fruitful dialogue between various approaches and models developed and developed in the field of social and humanitarian knowledge. The philosophical and historical concept of Arnold Toynbee suggests a synthesis of linear and civilizational approaches to the historical process. The article presents a brief biography of Arnold Toynbee, which allows to understand the formation and evolution of the views of the English historian. We consider the methods of knowledge of history, used inToynbees philosophical and historical concept. A historian who philosophically interprets the dialectic of human development, according to Toynbee, should look for the meaning of world history.At the same time, the comprehension of history as a definite integrity does not exclude the interest of a scientist to certain local civilizations that are subjected to morphological analysis. The result of the comparative study of the world-historical process, according to his opinion, should be not only a typology of local civilizations, but also the development of a specific set of "laws" that operate in each of them. Paradoxically, Toynbee, a fierce opponent of historical determinism, advocated a search for the laws of social development. In the interpretation of Toynbee, these laws are deprived of the status of necessity and appear as simple empirical repetitions. The laws of the psyche are the basis for the formulation of the laws of history, complementing the divine law, leading humanity to love and freedom. The special scientific part of his theoretical views is entirely subordinated to the religious-philosophical concept. The methodology of the British theorist reveals the deep philosophical basis for the evolution of great cultures, hidden behind the diversity of historical events.Many modern scholars, historians, political scientists agree with A. Toynbee that religion is the main key to comparative research in the field of civilizations and cultures. It is precisely religious ethics that plays a decisive role in the development of the spiritual and economic foundations of all world civilizations. Knowledge of the past, as suggested by the English historian, speaks only of one of the many future possibilities, which makes it possible to avoid a repetition of undesirable developments. The course of human history, according to Toynbee, is not predetermined by anyone in advance.
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Models of the Labour Market and Their Features in the World Economy
Статья
We distinguish several different and basic for the world economy labour market models. These models are as follows, namely: 1. Liberal model of the labour market (Great Britain and the USA); 2. Socially orient ed model of the labour market (Germany and Sweden); 3. National - traditional model of the labour market (Japan and South Korea); 4. Transit model of the labour market (countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), including Russia, and the coun tries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), former socialist countries).
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Статья научная
The article considers modern Orthodox periodicals that are of interest to historical scholars as sources, as well as the concept of source studies in the modern perspective of the situation of the Russian Orthodox Church. The author of the article considers the modern media of the two dioceses of the Russian Orthodox Church: Voronezh and St. Petersburg, as well as their social significance. The article analyzes the printed and electronic editions of the St. Petersburg diocese "Living Water", reflects the ideological and thematic originality and purpose of this church magazine. The result of the author’s work is certain conclusions that reproduce the discourse of the Russian Orthodox Church in modern printed Russian media.
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Mythology in the ancient written texts of the slavs
Статья научная
The problems of this article may be of some interest to modern Orthodoxy, which has recently been concerned about the surge of neo-paganism, which is expressed in the rejection of traditional Christian values and norms of behavior and seeks to replace them with other worldview positions. The history of the study of East Slavic paganism dates back at least three centuries. The methods of studying the mythological representations of the ancient Slavs changed and became more complex. Such research was based on an increasingly solid methodological basis, and the works of scientists of the XVIII-XIX centuries were replaced by more complex and formalized monographs of specialists from an even wider range of Sciences who considered Slavic paganism from narrow professional positions. Based on the results obtained, it is assumed that the existence of the ancient Russian Khors cult is compared with Dazhdbog and this pair of deities, in turn, is compared with the ancient Indian Ashwins, who are the most striking example of Indo-European twin deities associated with the solar cult known to science at the moment.
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New Approaches to Physical Upbringing of Youth in Russia
Статья научная
The article analyzes the physical activity of youth in Russia. It is shown that sport has a universal ability to solve problems of increasing the level of public health, increasing the life expectancy of the population, and is also an effective way to prevent asocial manifestations. However, according to official statistics, the number of systematically engaged in sports and recreational activities in Russia is significantly lower than similar indicators in developed Western countries.The most important tasks in this direction are the restoration of the best traditions of the physical culture and sports movement of past years and the search for new effective mechanisms for the development of mass sports with the participation of representatives of various socio-demographic groups of society.
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New economic policy in the USSR: main results
Статья научная
The article deals with the main results of the new economic policy in the USSR. It is shown that the tactical goal of the NEPa was to overcome the crisis by strengthening the economic union of workers and peasants, cities and villages. The strategic goal of the NEPa was to build socialism, the leap to which through "war communism" was unsuccessful. The transition from capitalism to socialism required a transitional period. The focus was on the countryside. It became the link by grasping which the Bolsheviks intended to solve the entire chain of historical tasks facing them.
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On the Question of Organization and Activity of Divisions of the NKVD of the USSR in 1941-1942
Статья научная
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the history of the organisation and activities of the divisions of the Peoples Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The integral historical analysis of the processes connected with the changes taking place in the given structures, including, in the years of war has, the important theoretical and practical value for studying of a role of structures of NKVD of the USSR in the defeat of German-fascist armies.
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