Freedom and morality from the perspective of ecosocialism

The article aims to analyse the concept of freedom in the context of the current ecological crisis. From the perspective of the “classical” Marxist philosophy, the human freedom is inevitably limited by the boundaries established by a society. This notion, however, has its shortcomings, as a society is often considered as an independent whole not interrelated with the nature. While assuming that ecological problems cannot in principle be resolved within the frameworks of capitalist economy, we argue that this can be explained by the inherent immorality of “market” attitudes towards the nature, as under capitalism the natural environment is often considered merely as a means of maximizing profit. On the contrary, in terms of ecosocialism an inherent part of morality, which establishes the “natural” limits of human freedom, should be responsibility to the environment and every living thing. We conclude that it is possible to achieve this goal without revolutionary violence, and the State could play a crucial role in these processes.