Green Recovery and Sustainable Development in OECD States and Ukraine: Comparative Assessment, Policy Adaptation, and Environmental Reconstruction in a Post-Crisis Context

This study presents an integrated comparative analysis of sustainable development and ecological transformation across OECD member states and Ukraine, with a particular focus on environmental governance, resource efficiency, and the systemic modernization of economic processes. While OECD countries have progressively advanced green transition initiatives, Ukraine now faces the dual challenge of ecological degradation and war-induced environmental damage, making sustainable development not merely a forward-looking strategy, but an urgent existential requirement. The research examines how environmental strategies, green technologies, and eco-innovation policies operate within differing national contexts, evaluating their capacity to stimulate economic growth while maintaining ecosystem resilience. Methodologically, the study applies both qualitative and quantitative approaches, incorporating statistical modeling, comparative analysis, and the OECD “green growth” indicator system. The findings reveal distinct structural patterns in environmental performance among the studied countries, identifying the critical gap between Ukraine and leading OECD economies in terms of ecological productivity, natural-resource efficiency, and innovation-driven sustainability. The article argues that effective ecological recovery in Ukraine must be based on deep institutional reform, adoption of environmental taxation, sectoral greening of industry, and large-scale restoration of damaged ecosystems. In contrast, OECD states increasingly demonstrate mature ecological cultures, advanced environmental monitoring systems, and diversified green investment instruments. The conclusions develop targeted policy recommendations aimed at Ukrainian authorities, international partners, and donor institutions to support post-war reconstruction through sustainable models, integrating ecosystem restoration, circular economy practices, and green financial frameworks. This research thus provides a scientifically grounded basis for Ukraine’s ecological reintegration into the European space and contributes to broader discussions on global environmental resilience and equitable green transition.