Main Directions of Modern Hydrological Research in Azerbaijan

Modern hydrological research in Azerbaijan is primarily focused on the efficient management of water resources. Advanced equipment is being installed for monitoring water bodies, and the network of hydrological stations is expanding. These studies monitor the hydrology of rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, assessing both the quantity and quality of water. In recent years, automated hydrological stations equipped with sensors have been put into operation, especially in territories liberated from occupation, where monitoring activities have been restored. These efforts are important for the sustainable management of water resources and the preservation of ecological balance. Overall, hydrological research in Azerbaijan is developing through the application of modern technologies, providing valuable data for water resource planning. In recent years, hydrological research in Azerbaijan has been further developed through the application of modern technologies and is primarily focused on the efficient management of water resources. These studies aim to examine the regimes of rivers, lakes, reservoirs, and groundwater, assessing both the quantity and quality indicators of water. Hydrological observations are mainly carried out through automated stations in real time, which ensures greater accuracy and efficiency in monitoring and planning water resources. One of the main objectives of hydrological research is to identify climate and water balance changes occurring in different regions of the country and to forecast flood and drought risks in advance. This is of great importance for the population, as well as for sectors such as agriculture, industry, and energy. Additionally, aspects like the base flow of rivers, reservoir water levels, and the management of irrigation systems are also among the key directions of these studies.