Молитвенный шарф крымских караимов: традиция, орнамент, семантика

This article examines the meaning, use, and design of Crimean Karaite prayer scarves (chichit). These scarves are clearly identified as Karaite due to their ritual function and offer insight into folk art and ethnic culture. The work provides information on the items' existence, characteristics, and dating. For the first time, materials from museums and private collections are summarized, and a classification of scarf appliques and their design is provided. Phytomorphic and mixed ornamental patterns are examined, three main groups are identified (basket with bouquet, sun, ribbons), and individual plant-based patterns are described. The semantics of the ornament are defined – wishes for abundance, wealth, vitality, etc. A number of ornamental compositions date back to ancient times, characteristic of Crimean ethnic groups regardless of religion, and have close and distant analogues. Given the narrow scope of scarves' application, the obtained material is significant for establishing the meaning of national ornamental elements. The patterns of scarves retain recognizable original features and are still used today.