People's liberation movement in the North Caucasus in the 30-40s of the XIX century

After the assassination of Hamzat Bey, the second imam of Dagestan and Chechnya, the Russians carried out an expedition and clashed with a group of disciples led by Shamil, fearing that Shamil would aggravate the situation in Dagestan. The agreement reached between Shamil and his commanders, the spread of Sharia among the mountains, the unification of separate forces in the mountains of Dagestan and Chechnya, the fierce fighting between the parties, the loss of Russians during the marches, the influx of disciples to Shamil, operations against the local feudal lords who supported them, the Battle of Ahulgo, the fierce resistance of the tsarist forces trying to occupy the Caucasus, and the defeat of the tsarist troops were discussed. The fact that General Fezi was forced to retreat with heavy losses after his march to Dagestan in the summer of 1837 increased Shamil's prestige not only in mountainous Dagestan and Chechnya but also in the northern districts of Azerbaijan. At that time, he wrote letters to many communities, urging them to fight against tsarism. In the early 1960s, the complete subjugation of many mountainous peoples of the North Caucasus was completed. The freedom movement of the highlanders was defeated. It was by its very nature a national liberation movement against tsarism in order to preserve its independence. After the defeat of the movement led by Shamil, the Muslim population of the Caucasus protested against tsarism in various districts of Northern Azerbaijan. The pan-Caucasian uprisings towards the end of the Caucasus war affected the northern districts of Azerbaijan and the communities of southwestern Dagestan. The center of this uprising was the north-western region of Azerbaijan. The freedom of the Caucasian peoples in the study of the problem is to study the essence of the struggle. During the research, several archival materials were included in the scientific cycle for the first time.