The effectiveness of using chemical pleurodesis with iodpovidone in the treatment of patients with pneumothorax of various etiologies

Pneumothorax is a pathological condition characterized by the accumulation of air in the pleural cavity, which leads to loss of negative pressure and collapse of the lung. Traditionally, pneumothorax is divided into traumatic and spontaneous, if in the first case the cause is clear, then in the second case, the diagnosis is sometimes difficult. Particular interest to thoracic physicians is spontaneous pneumothorax (SP), which often develops as a result of rupture of a bulla or bleb. Drainage of the pleural cavity is an effective method of treatment, it allows to stop respiratory failure and straighten the lung in the shortest possible time. The problem remains the high recurrence rate, which, according to the literature, ranges from 20 to 40% after the first episode of pneumothorax. Describe the main causes of pneumothorax. Describe the possibility of using chemical pleurodesis (CP) to prevent relapse. Evaluation the efficacy and safety of CP with iodpovidone. The study was made on the basis of the clinic named after I.K. Akhunbaev National Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic in the Department of Thoracic Surgery. The study included 115 patients with pneumothorax of various etiologies who were treated in the department from September 2015 to February 2023. The control group included 62 patients, here traditional treatment was carried out by drainage of the pleural cavity. The number of people in the test group was 53, here, after complete expansion of the lung, a CP procedure was performed in order to prevent recurrence. If the patient underwent only drainage of the pleural cavity, then the recurrence rate was compared. If the patient underwent thoracotomy with bullectomy, then the frequency of postoperative air leaking was assessed. The safety of the technique was assessed by the main indicators of hemodynamics, temperature and pain response. CP with iodpovidone after drainage of the pleural cavity, as well as as the final stage of open thoracotomy, turned out to be 100% effective in preventing recurrences, as well as postoperative air leaking. Statistical processing showed the safety of CP with iodpovidone. CP with iodpovidone can be successfully used as a prevention of relapse, as well as the prevention of postoperative air leakage. The positive effect was in 100% of cases with minimal side effects.