Русский язык для иностранцев: из опыта преподавания

In the article we consider an organic connection between theory and methods of learning of the Russian language as a foreign one with the principles of general didactics, meeting the requirements of which is appealed to simplify work of a teacher while training foreigners Russian. The ways and methods of practical realization of such general didactic principles as scientific character, intelligibility, system, consistency, and use of visual methods, awareness and activeness, the strength of learning are particularly described. Each of these principles is based on objective laws of didactics, which reflect necessary connections between components inside the process of learning. In this regard, the consciousness of necessity to act in accordance with not only principles, which take into account law-governed nature of understanding of the Russian language as the foreign one, but also in accordance with principles of general didactics makes the process of teaching of Russian to foreign audience more effective. The practical realization of general didactic principles is carried out due to keeping to a number of important rules which orientate a teacher towards meeting definite activities and it is shown as examples in certain exercises and situational tasks. Lexical and grammatical filling of tasks and exercises can be changed and vary depending on individual abilities of students and also on a certain step of learning of the Russian language as the foreign one. The presented examples of tasks and exercises from the teaching experience show that the practical realization of general didactic principles promotes not only the basic teaching goals, but also forming of communicative competence of students, based on linguistic competence as a concrete goal of teaching foreigners the Russian language.