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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 6432
Статья обзорная
As it is known, all living things constantly exchange food and energy with the environment in order to continue their life activities and participate in the ecological functions they perform in nature, and this situation is ecologically both producers (plants), consumers (animals), and reducers (fungi). and bacteria). Nevertheless, the dependence on the environment of consumers as well as reducers is a more sensitive feature than that of producers, since both of the latter, i.e., fungi and animals, are heterotrophs due to their nutrition, i.e., because they cannot carry out the process of photosynthesis, they depend on organic matter, as well as also, the demand for oxygen is met by another source, primarily plants. Due to the fact that plants play an important role in the provision of food for most living things, their comprehensive study has always been relevant and today it maintains that status in full force. As a result of the analysis of literature data, it is possible to state it in general data below.
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Genesis of vertical integration concepts and analysis of integration theories
Статья обзорная
In the article have been analyzed various ideas and theories of vertical integration and compares various approaches. The purpose of the research is to identify, analyze and systematize the features of the integration processes of entrepreneurial structures that have an impact on increasing their competitive advantages. To achieve this goal, empirical and general research methods are used. In the course of the research, the views of domestic and foreign scientific researchers and specialists on integration issues have been analyzed and summarized as an effective mechanism for increasing the competitiveness of entrepreneurial structures. The results of the work can be used to further study the theoretical foundations and approaches to managing the competitiveness of entrepreneurial structures on the basis of their vertical integration.
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Gentle blood sampling from tortoises (Testudines) to detect blood parasites
Статья научная
Blood can be drawn from the jugular, brachial, femoral, ventral and dorsal coccygeal veins, occipital venous sinus, and heart from most species of tortoises and aquatic turtles. An alternative method for obtaining high-quality blood samples from tortoises of the genus Testudo for the detection of blood parasites by blood extraction using a medicinal leech ( Hirudo medicinalis ) has been proposed. One or two leeches were placed on each individual, depending on the body weight of the turtle. The time spent by leeches on blood sucking took from 20 minutes to 1 hour (average 35 minutes). After the pumped leeches fell off, they were immediately placed in sterile double-dish, where they contacted with a cotton swab moistened with ethyl alcohol in order to cause regurgitation of the sucked blood. In a comparative study of microscopic specimens prepared from blood samples of the spur-thighed tortoise obtained by two methods of exsanguination: cardiopuncture and medical leeches, no qualitative differences were found. In all specimens, blood cells and intraerythrocytic stages of blood parasites were equally suitable for identification. This method of exsanguination is also effective, as well as traditional methods of blood sampling from turtles, but in contrast to them, it is simple to perform, more humane and safer for these animals.
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Статья научная
It becomes difficult to determine the first historical range of the plant, which moved far from its prehistoric territory. It has been controversial in this aspect to determine the historical geographical range of plants also included in the Berberis L. genus. Genera and species of Berberidaceae family in Nakhchivan AR migrated from the flora of the Caucasus, Central Asia, East Asia, Iran. The territory of Iran is dominant and represented by 4 species in this family. As a result of the analysis, it was found that plants belonging to the Berberidaceae family, found on the Territory of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic which relate predominantly to xerophilic, Caucasian and boreal geographical types.
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Geography of distribution of malus varieties in Azerbaijan depending on soil
Статья научная
More than 6,000 plant species have been identified in the Caucasus, of which 4,200 species (70%) are common in Azerbaijan. 11% are trees and shrubs, and 9% are endemic plants. There are more than 280 local varieties and forms of apple trees in Azerbaijan. After the 1920s, the area of fruit orchards in Azerbaijan was expanded to 21 thousand hectares due to local varieties, of which 13 thousand hectares (62%) were apple orchards. In 1926, the Azerbaijan Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture, Viticulture and Subtropical Plants was established in Azerbaijan with the aim of developing fruit growing. New varieties of apple trees are created through selection. Due to the newly created varieties through selection, apple orchards in Azerbaijan have significantly developed. In 1976, 13 thousand hectares of new industrial apple orchards were planted. Since 1982, the existing gene pool of apple trees has been studied.
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Glucose biosensors - state of the art and prospects
Статья обзорная
Rapid glucose concentration detection in technical and biological systems is an important scientific and technical task of modern chemistry, engineering and technology. The article provides an overview of the last technical solutions in this area. The issues of developing first generation biosensors are considered. However, the main disadvantage of such systems was the significant influence of ascorbic and uric acids on the generated signal, which significantly reduced their selectivity and accuracy. To solve this problem, it is possible to use ion-selective membranes such as Nafion and polycarbonate. The second generation of glucose biosensors uses artificial mediators to facilitate electron transfer between the enzyme and the electrode. These mediators can be immobilized directly by the enzyme or introduced into an enzyme-modified electrode. Suitable mediators include conducting organic salts, ferrocene, quinone compounds, ferricyanide, transition metal complexes, phenothiazine and foxazine compounds. Effective interactions between enzymes and mediators are critical for efficient electron transport. Various approaches have been proposed to tailor mediators, such as the use of Os complexes, noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes, and stabilization of artificial mediators. The third generation of enzyme glucose biosensors uses direct electron transfer to perform electrochemical reduction. Various approaches have been considered, including reassembling apoproteins on cofactor-modified enzymes and electrically coupling enzymes to electrode surfaces using redox polymers or nanomaterials such as gold nanoparticles. Such approaches ensure the formation of an effective enzyme-electrode bond. In addition, the thickness of the enzymatic layer can affect the performance of the biosensor. External factors such as temperature, pH and humidity can have a significant impact on the performance of such electrodes.
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Grammatical features of Azerbaijani words taken from English
Статья научная
Along with the terms borrowed from English, grammatical elements and suffixes were also included, and as a morpheme could not be used independently in word creation, it acquired a new derivational feature in the composition of individual words. Since English and Azerbaijani are languages with different systems, the transfer of words from one language to another requires its adaptation to norm sources. Therefore, the borrowings that entered the lexical system of the Azerbaijani language through the English language are adapted to the historically formed literary language laws of the Azerbaijani language and were used in the Azerbaijani language in the form of the source language without undergoing any changes.
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Hadrian X - автономная роботизированная система для кладки кирпича
Статья обзорная
Рассматривается разработка инновационной системы для автономной кладки кирпича Hadrian X от компании Fastbrick Robotics, которая позволяет выстраивать дома из кирпича в автоматическом режиме без участия человека. Рассмотрены преимущества и недостатки данной разработки, а также области применения и перспективы развития в строительной области. Выявлены направления развития и совершенствования данной системы. Является лучшим способом строить типовое недорогое жилье за очень короткие сроки.
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Healthcare professionals in Kyrgyz Republic
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The profession of healthcare involves a lot of specialization, aspects of exploration, a lot of effort hard work and determination. Healthcare becomes the most valuable profession al globally because it deals with the life and concerns of the livelihood, hence the hype is worth and has proved that a quality life with the healthy body requires a strong healthcare system that has the potential and a zeal to provide, reform and be active on social, economic, regional and global levels. It becomes a very crucial task to provide health Care to all in need with a proper communication with the health system norms rules and does keep a statistical data for research and to tackle the future needs, pandemics, endemics and creation of better preventions, treatments and management for patients from different regions, ages and of signified distress or commodities. Kyrgyzstan also has a healthcare system which is called as Kyrgyzstan Soviet system of free universal healthcare which provides a reasonable number of doctors assistance nurses with medical clinics hospitals to provide care and treatment to respective illness and maintain regional health in the regional population. As per the research is formed that is the compulsory social and medical insurance (CSSM) program which was established on January 2020 that lets an individual pay for certain medical expenses and regulate Health Care in the better quality has turned to be an interesting and a much better way for improvement of social economic status of the country and a step towards a better community Health. As per the capita gross, national income of Kyrgyzstan was 1,170 dollars in 2015 and human development in desk has classified it to a medium human development country shows lower-middle-income economy. So far, human immunodeficiency virus HIV virus had very low percentage of prevalence that is 830 cases were officially reported on 2006 of February but that but the real number was estimated to be 10 times more. One of the reasons for spread has been the prison population and narcotic trafficking, whereas cardiovascular and respiratory conditions stand first for the reason of morbidity in the society. However, the rate of maternal mortality was more than 15% in 2008, that signifies that gets done is under the ‘very bad’ category of right to reproductive health as the nation is fulfilling only 55% of expected. Therefore, adding up to the issues related to family and community illness and creating a challenge for the healthcare system.
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Hepatic failure in pancreonecrosis and the development of abdominal sepsis
Статья научная
It is well known that acute destructive pancreatitis, pancreonecrosis is accompanied by severe endogenous intoxication, often leading to the development of multiple organ failure syndrome, liver failure is one of the important links in this process. The mortality rate of patients with pancreonecrosis related to liver failure is as high as 83%, and approximately 5% of patients with pancreonecrosis have fulminant liver failure. Proven: liver function is closely related to the progression of purulent-necrotic complications in patients with acute destructive pancreonecrosis. The authors present the data of literature on the importance of liver failure in the course and prognosis of acute destructive pancreatitis. The pathogenetic role of lipid peroxidation processes are especially emphasized. The controversial issues of portal and systemic bacteremia and toxemia in the development of pancreatogenic abdominal sepsis are discussed, as well as the involvement of the lymphatic system. The authors’ research aims to analytically dissect and summarize the processes underlying the clinical manifestations of liver failure in pancreatic necrosis and their underlying mechanisms, which may provide new insights for further understanding and better management of liver failure in patients with pancreatic necrosis and abdominal sepsis.
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High power led fish collector heat sink
Статья научная
High-power LED fish collector lamps are small in size and work with high heat flow density, LED chips emit more and more heat, and heat dissipation problems have gradually become a bottleneck limiting the development of LED. In this paper, for a typical power LED, it mainly discusses the LED packaging technology, the heat sink structure and characteristics of the impact on the heat dissipation conditions.
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Hirudotherapy as a method of treatment of arterial hypertension
Статья научная
The article under discussion deals with the treatment of arterial hypertension with the help of hirudotherapy. The author of the article believes that treatment with hirudotherapy (leeches) is widely used for arterial hypertension. It is noticed that carrying out of hirudotherapy changes reactivity of an organism, as a result sensitivity to carried out hypotensive medicament therapy increases. Components of a leech secretion, anti-ischemic influence and unloading of a blood flow allow to reduce a dosage of the applied drug. Treatment of hypertension by leeches practically always improves the well-being and objective condition of the patient, though results of therapy largely depend on the reason of hypertension, duration and intensity of the course, a correct choice of attachment points.
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Historical and modern approach to the issue of women and society: analyze two novels
Статья научная
This article is devoted to the urgent problem of women and society at all times. As in many areas, this issue is also one of the main objects of literature. The purpose of the article is the place of women of the East in society and the study of the reflection of this issue in fiction and a comparative interpretation of their common and distinctive features. The article also covers and analyzes the views of outstanding educators - the scientist Ismail Gasprinsky and the famous Iranian writer Shahrnush Porsipur about a woman and her place in society and family, her duties and rights.
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History and prospects of using Punica granatum L.
Краткое сообщение
Pomegranate has been used since antiquity in culture, traditions, cooking, crafts, arts and crafts, myths, fairy tales and other areas of creativity. Pomegranate is associated with long-term fertility, abundance and is considered a carrier of energy. In the past, in the legends of Azerbaijan, the pomegranate was considered a symbol of love and passion, and religious people saw it as a symbol of eternity. In medicine, the leaves, fruits, bark and roots of the pomegranate were used. Their therapeutic effect is due to the presence of alkaloids in these parts of the plant. Phenolic compounds provide a high level of antioxidant activity in the human body. Particular attention is paid to the pomegranate populations in the territory of Azerbaijan.
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Holocaust testimony elements in Elie Wiesel's novels
Статья научная
The article considers Elie Wiesel and his autobiography as a major contribution to the Holocaust literature through his testimonies that found reflection in the author’s novels. The trilogy Night and other works created by the author are about a world that seems unreal and insane that often indeed they are read like a nightmare. Wiesel is among the first to demonstrate the atrocities of the Nazi regime as a witness and the writer at the same time as his creative works based on his experience at the death camps. Therefore, the holistic depiction of the author’s life will serve to shape the Holocaust universe.
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Homer of the 20th century Sayakbai Karalaev
Статья научная
This article analyzes the life and creativity of the well-known manastchi (bard) of the Kyrgyz people Sayakbai Karalaev. Sayakbai Karalaev was a bearer of a unique skill which is a great phenomenon for the scholars of all times, being a person who contained hundreds of thousands of lines from the boundless ocean like the Epic of Manas.
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Hormonal regulation of the amount of sugar in the blood converter
Статья научная
Although hormones differ in their place of origin, order of distribution, chemical composition and nature of action, they are united under a very important general biological pattern: they participate in metabolism, morphological differentiation of the organism, growth and development, reproduction and regulation and coordination of its basic functions. The nervous system carries out the connection and influence between different parts of the organism directly through hormones. Hormones are substances of a protein nature or steroids that act in extremely small quantities. Their effect is carried out in 2 ways: through the nervous system and directly through the blood to the organs.
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Horse-breeding of the oasis of Surkhan
Статья научная
Since ancient times in Uzbekistan, special attention has been paid to horse breeding. We can see this in dastans and traditions, where poets and bakhshis sang about mythical horses. And most importantly, the horse was very much appreciated as a companion of a horse. As in other regions of the republic, special attention was paid to the development of horse breeding in the Surkhan oasis. Several breeds of horses were bred in the oasis, they were called ‘adobe’, ‘jiyran’, ‘turik’, ‘buz’ and others by color. Uzbeks mainly bred ‘Karabair’, ‘Lakay’, ‘Turkman’, and sometimes Arab ones. For breeding local breeds of horses ‘Karabair’ were used breeds of Turkmen, Arab and Mongolian horses. By breeding horses such breeds of ‘Karabair’ horses as ‘Uzbek’, ‘Miyenkul’, ‘Urgut’ and others were bred. Also, horses were named for their age. A newborn horse was called a ‘kulun’, up to one year a foal, from a year and a half to two years a strigunok, a two-three year old foal, a third year a gunan, a three-four year old dunan, a male after four years a stallion, a female mare...
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Hot water heating circuit with impulse cavitator
Статья научная
An effective method of multifactorial influence on a liquid is cavitation, which leads to a change in the physicochemical characteristics of the liquid, its activation and heating. One of the devices, the principle of which is based on cavitation, is a cavitation heat generator. At present, the production of these units has been mastered by many manufacturers, and they appear in large numbers on the world market. Among the numerous designs of cavitation heat generators, a worthy place belongs to jet ones, which have the lowest pressure drop, but their efficiency is relatively low (from 20% to 40%) and does not meet modern requirements. The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of water heating in a cavitation heat generator based on the use of a pulsed mode of its operation. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were identified in the work: to develop a laboratory sample of a flow-pulse cavitator; to develop a diagram of a laboratory setup and a cavitator design; conduct hydraulic and thermal tests of the cavitator prototype, obtain the results and evaluate their effectiveness. Thus, the successful implementation of the goal of this work may encourage many industrial enterprises and households to abandon traditional heat supply systems and switch to modern sources of thermal energy, namely jet cavitation heat generators with a pulsed cavitator.
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How to learn and control effective hybrid cars
Краткое сообщение
The article deals with the history of hybrid cars, their types, running principle, parts, characters, advantages and negative features. Hybrid cars combine the efficient features of an electric motor and an internal combustion engine, and the use of hybrid cars in Azerbaijan, as in other countries, is satisfactory.
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