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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
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Все статьи: 8014
Experimental research on heat dissipation at the hot end of semiconductor refrigeration chips
Статья научная
TEC1-12705 and TEC1-12706 two types of semiconductor refrigeration chips were designed with different hot-end heat dissipation conditions. At the same time, a test device for heat dissipation of heat pipes for heat sinks with separate current input and two-stage refrigeration was designed, and the influence of hot-end heat dissipation conditions on cold-end temperature was analyzed. The test results show that the cold terminal temperature of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet is related to the heat dissipation capacity of the hot terminal. Under the condition of limited heat dissipation capacity, the cold terminal temperature decreases first and then increases with the increase of the input current; and under the condition of ensuring the heat dissipation capacity, the cold terminal temperature decreases with the increase of the input current and decreases with the decrease of the hot terminal temperature. The two-piece TEC1-12706 semiconductor refrigeration sheet adopts two-stage refrigeration with separate current input, and the minimum temperature of the cold terminal can reach -36,8°С. The test results show that improving the heat dissipation conditions of the hot end can improve the performance of a single semiconductor refrigeration sheet. At the same time, under the best heat dissipation conditions, the use of separate current input two-stage refrigeration can greatly reduce the temperature of the cold end, which is of great significance to improve the working temperature difference of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet.
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Experimental study of cavitation heat generator for heating water
Статья научная
The energy released by cavitation is a new method to make full use of energy. Based on this, a new type of cavitation heat generator for heating water is designed. A conical core is used instead of the traditional throttling element to build a set. Closed circulation system device, the performance of the cavitation heat generator when the cone core with different cone angles was tested in the test. The temperature difference and pressure difference before and after the three groups of liquid medium flow through the cavitation heat generator were measured experimentally. The results show that the cavitation heat generator with a 30-degree tapered core has the best performance and improves the heating efficiency of the feed water, which has a great reference value for the further study of cavitation heat transfer.
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Experimental study on a pulsation-enhanced heat transfer device
Статья научная
The pulsation-enhanced heat transfer technology is introduced, and a volume coil heat exchanger is designed. A pulsation valve is installed at the heat exchanger outlet of the heat exchanger to pulsate the heat medium, and the same heat exchanger is subjected to pulsation and non-pulsation heat transfer tests. Based on the experiments, combined with the theory of pulsation-enhanced heat transfer technology, heat transfer capacity, heat flow, and convective heat transfer coefficient coefficients, the effective temperature difference, heat flow, and convective heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger at different pulse frequencies are analyzed. The relationship between the pulsation frequency of the heat transfer effect of the heat exchanger is obtained. The test results show that the heat exchanger has higher heat exchange efficiency when there is pulsation under the test conditions.
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Experimental study on heat transfer and pressure drop in plate heat exchanger using water-water
Статья научная
It would be misguiding to consider only cost in design of a heat exchanger because high maintenance costs increase total cost during heat exchanger’s services life. Therefore, exergy analysis and energy saving are very important parameters in heat exchanger design. In this study, the effects of pate heat exchanger (PHE, Ridan HHN no. 04) on heat transfer, friction factor and exergy loss were investigated experimentally. Experiments were conducted from laminar flow condition to turbulence flow condition under counter flow condition. Reynolds number and Prandtl number were in the range of 220
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Experimental study on heat transfer of pulsating flow enhanced the plate heat exchanger
Статья научная
We conducted two sets of experiments, one is under steady-state conditions and the other under pulsating conditions. We focused on measuring the heat transfer characteristics of plate heat exchangers under different pulsation conditions. In the experiment, we control the mass flow of the hot fluid to circulate at a rate of 0.722 kg/s. The mass flow rate of the cold fluid is 0.05-0.18 kg/s, and the pulsation frequency is 0.45-2.23 Hz. We measured different mass flows at different pulsation frequency. The data analysis shows that when the pulsation frequency is 1.78 Hz, the heat transfer coefficient reaches a maximum of 4415.73 w/(m2·k), and the corresponding cold fluid mass flow rate is 0.155 kg/s, and compared with the heat transfer characteristics of the plate heat exchanger under steady flow, it is found that the average increase in the heat transfer coefficient during the transition to the pulsating mode was 20%.
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Experimental study on unidirectional flow characteristics of flow diode
Статья научная
Flow diode is a kind of control fluid one-way flow of components, it has many advantages, such as simple structure, no rotating parts, no need for external control, power, high reliability, in the medical industry, nuclear industry, petrochemical industry, flow diode has a wide range of applications. By studying relevant literature, combined with the actual situation, based on the experimental study method, using air pump, pressure regulator, 3 d printers and other laboratory equipment, by changing the pump seal the air inlet, simulation of different flow diode under different conditions make the fluid flow through, will pump displacement into displacement, record each air inlet in unit time displacement, and then compared these data, the flow is obtained by carefully analyzing the flow characteristics of diode and the relationship between the fluid flow characteristics diode, it is concluded that: the displacement increases with increase of voltage; when the aperture changes, the flow diode will produce important changes; unstable flow characteristics of variable diameter flow diode.
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Статья научная
A universal technique has been suggested for express-evaluation and minimization of labor and financial resources for sustainment of administrative agencies. It is suitable for any country and allows evaluating potentialities for reducing the resource intensity of administrative processes, optimizing administrative personnel staffing levels, and identifying and excluding overlapping of processes and operations. This article was prepared on the results of research carried out with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR)-project 15-01-06324/15 “Modeling ofproduction and management processes for rapid assessment and optimization of resource consumption of goods and services: the formation of a universal methodology and tool support”.
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Expression of figurative thinking of children in the heroes of works of art
Статья научная
This article examines several examples of children's literature and analyzes the characteristics, psyche, worldview and thinking of children who are the protagonists, showing the advantages of the age-specific form of thinking in figurative thinking.
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Extracurricular work as a means of motivation to learn a foreign language
Статья научная
This article defines the principles of the organization of extracurricular work in a foreign language, the influence of extracurricular activities on the expansion of students' cultural views, the development of their creative activity, aesthetic tastes is noted. The purpose of the study is to generalize and systematize the theoretical and practical experience of extracurricular work in a foreign language in secondary schools.
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Factors Influencing the Decline of Biodiversity in Azerbaijan
Статья научная
The natural vegetation and its flora of Azerbaijan are exposed to anthropogenic influences, leading to a decrease in the number of a number of valuable plant individuals or their complete destruction. The main result of the factors affecting the reduction of biodiversity in Azerbaijan is the disruption of the ecological balance of the country, which threatens rare and endemic species. As a result of the reduction of biodiversity, the ecosystems of Azerbaijan are weakened and rare species are at risk of extinction. The sustainability of natural resources and the environment is seriously threatened. As a result of the disruption of ecosystem stability, the ability of local populations to use natural resources is limited and the resilience of ecosystems to climate change is reduced.
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Factors of economic stability of Russia in conditions of sanctions
Статья научная
In the article directions of development and stabilizing of economy of Russia are examined in the conditions of external economic approvals and internal budget constraints. The consequences of introduction of approvals and possibility of the economy growing are analyzed: investment height, forming of the Asian vector of international relations and support of home production.
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Factors shaping social debt and feelings of pride during adolescence
Статья научная
The problem of forming a sense of social debt and pride in adolescents is of a social nature. Consequently, the formation of a sense of social debt and pride in adolescents encourages them to work selflessly for the prosperity of the Motherland, the prosperity of the country and the well-being of the people. The article discusses the factors that shape social debt, pride, social environment, humanity, pride and sense of value in adolescents.
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Family and School Cooperation in the Socialization of Children from Single-Parent Families
Статья научная
This article analyzes the psychological and social problems of children growing up in single-parent families in modern society, as well as issues related to their socialization. The role of the relationship between family and school in the socialization of children from single-parent families is highlighted, along with factors that should be considered in practical processes. In particular, the article examines child socialization as a holistic process, discussing the school environment and psychological support, the organization of practical skills development at home in a similar manner, and ways to mitigate negative consequences such as low self-confidence or premature transition to independent activities that a child may encounter.
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Family and higher educational institutions - grades of stability in gender relations
Статья научная
The family is focused on stabilizing grades in gender relations and educational institutions. Children need to have the knowledge their family needs before they start working. At the same time, the family is focused on stabilizing grades in gender relations and educational institutions. It was emphasized that young people should have the knowledge needed by their families before starting work. The principles of legality, democracy, openness and transparency, and equal rights for women play an important role in ensuring gender equality and mutual understanding. The essence and principles of the OSCE to ensure equality of women are revealed, regardless of race, nationality, language, religion, social origin and faith, as well as personal social status. In the family and in universities, gender culture is ensured, as well as improvement and management of change during the period of study; the line of action to ensure gender-role orientation is aimed at a set of template models. Students must clearly role model one gender or the other.
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Статья научная
This article explores the concept of family as both a part and a whole within mountain communities, focusing on how climate and ecological conditions shape family structures and dynamics. Mountain environments present unique challenges, such as harsh weather conditions, limited resources, and geographical isolation, which significantly influence the way families organize, interact, and support each other. The study examines how these environmental factors foster a collective resilience among family units, emphasizing interdependence, communal support, and adaptation strategies that are distinct to mountainous regions. By analyzing the interplay between ecological conditions and social structures, the article highlights the critical role of the environment in shaping familial relationships and communal cohesion. This research contributes to a broader understanding of how families function as both individual units and integral parts of larger social and ecological systems in mountain communities.
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Family institute: object and evolution
Статья научная
This article discusses the socio-philosophical, ethnological views of the institution of the family and their evolution as well as the issues that have so far been neglected.
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Features of Mark Twain's humorous stories
Статья научная
The article deals with the early short stories of Mark Twain. It illustrates the key features of the humor of Mark Twain’s short stories, and the role of American lifestyle, especially in the Western region’s historical culture, folklore and traditions of newspapers humor in the formation of Mark Twain as a writer. There is an analysis about the mutual relations between humor and critique in the article too. To our conclusion humor was not the main goal in the literary activity of Mark Twain, the main principle and goal of the writer’s works were to discover the materials coming from hypocrisy, dissimulation, ugliness and realities of those times, and their comic potential. That is why to use widely the ways and methods of the comic elements helped the writer to show and describe the personages, characters, things and objects in a conflicting manner with their full details and bareness in various colors.
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Features of competence-oriented task use at mathematics lessons
Статья научная
This article discusses features of competence-oriented tasks used in mathematics lessons. Result of education is not only knowledge of specific disciplines, but also ability to apply them in everyday life, for use in the future training. And this largely depends not on the knowledge, skills and practices acquired, but on some additional qualities, competencies and more relevant to understanding the modern goals of education. Introduction of these concepts into teaching practice in school has required a change in the content and methods of education, specification of activity types that school students have to master at the end of an educational process and in the study of individual subjects. Success of today’s student in the future largely depends on his/her ability to acquire and develop skills, practices and competencies that can be used in any life situation. Therefore, it is necessary to educate children in readiness for change, developing of qualities such as mobility, constructiveness and ability to learn.
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Features of distribution of oil and gas deposits in the earth's crust
Статья обзорная
Hydrocarbon deposits within oil and gas-bearing territories are distributed very unevenly both in area and in the section of sedimentary deposits, which is the main geological feature of oil and gas placement in the subsurface. The formation of hydrocarbon accumulations in the sedimentary cover is due to a set of genetic factors, which ultimately determines the patterns of placement of oil and gas accumulations along the section and area of the sedimentary cover. The study of the factors determining the zonation of oil and gas accumulation and genetically her condition, zoning of oil and gas formation, contributes not only to expanding our knowledge on the fundamental problems of petroleum geology, but also improve the efficiency of exploration.
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Features of education of tolerance of young schoolchildren
Статья научная
Currently, humanity is divided into different societies called states. Although not all states are multinational, they are multicultural. History and current events clearly prove that no society has yet been recorded as being based on tolerance in relationships, civil solidarity and individual respect. In this regard, the problem of tolerance is considered important both at the international and national levels. Tolerance is a complex social-pedagogical, philosophical phenomenon that has different meanings within the spheres of knowledge of different people, and at the same time it is an ethical-philosophical concept, a socio-cultural phenomenon, a socio-political solution method, a principle of mutual relations between people. Junior school age is a sensitive period of tolerance education. In children, this age period is more intensive in the process of general development of personality.
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