- Все статьи 7297
-
Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 7297
Disease resistance of hybrid progenies and selection of the resistant species
Статья научная
The purpose of the study was to determine the degree of infection by various diseases and resistance of samples from different hybrid (F2 and F3) progenies. The selected disease resistant hybrid lines were recommended for the further investigations and hybridization programs as parental forms. F2 hybrid combinations resistant to yellow rust disease were found to be: TT 01404 Shefeg × Sonmez, TT 01407 Alman sortu × Murov-2, TT 01410 Shefeg-2 × Alman sortu, TT 01414 Doka × Alman sortu ; F3 hybrids: TT 01301 /1 Murov-2 × Bezostaya-1, TT 01302 /2 Murov-2 × Doka, TT 01321/1 Tereggi × Pervin, TT 01321/2 Tereggi × Pervin, TT 01327/2 Doka × Pervin, etc. F2 hybrid combinations resistant to brown rust disease were: TT 01417 Sonmez × Shefeg-2, TT 01424 Pervin × Azeri, TT 01434 Yubilieinaya100/Tilek/1 × Murov-2, TT 01438 Murov × Shefeg-2 ; F3 hybrids: TT 01302/2 Murov-2 × Doka, TT 01304/1 Murov-2 × Tanya, TT 01305/1 Murov-2 × Shefeg-2, TT 01305/3 Murov-2 × Shefeg-2, TT 01307 /1 Shefeg-2 × Doka . F2 hybrid lines resistant to powdery mildew disease were: TT 01413 Doka × Sonmez, TT 01422 Pervin × Murov-2, TT 01428 Vassa × Mahmud 80, TT 01431 Yubilieinaya100/Tilek/1 × Mahmud 80, TT 01433 Yubilieinaya100/Tilek /1 × Yegane ; F3 hybrids TT 01310/1 Shefeq-2 × Vassa, TT 01316 /3 Murov × Bezostaya-1, TT 01317/2 Murov × Tanya, TT 01321/1 Tereggi × Pervin, TT 01334/1 Sonmez × Pervin , etc.
Бесплатно
Diseases and pests species of Berberis L. in Absheron condition
Статья научная
The use of disease and pest resistant species in landscape design contributes to the effectiveness of green plantings. For this purpose, the pests Berberis L. and control measures in the dry subtropical climate of the Absheron Peninsula were studied. The main methods of disease control and prevention are considered. In conclusion, it is concluded that disease-resistant species should be chosen for landscaping; it is necessary to determine the optimal timing of plant growth and development; you should constantly monitor the general condition; dried branches and leaves must be periodically cleaned; autumn leaves should be collected and burned in winter as they contain pathogens. When a disease or pest is detected, chemicals should be used to prevent its development.
Бесплатно
Diseases, pests of species belonging to Rosa L. and control methods against them
Статья научная
In the article were studied control methods of Rosa L. species diseases, pests in the conditions of Absheron. In the conducted scientific research were observed on the species in local conditions powdery mildew, fungus, rust, black spot, gray rot, bacterial and cytosporosis cancer diseases. According to our observations, species and varieties belonging to the genus Rosa L. are susceptible to diseases and pests more than other plants. Therefore, special agrotechnical care should be provided for them. Species and varieties belonging to the genus Rosa L. have decorative and exotic beautiful views. For this reason, it is appropriate to widely use different types of roses in greening, landscape architecture, horticulture, and landscaping of parks.
Бесплатно
Distribution Diaspididae (Insecta) and control methods
Статья обзорная
Scale insects are major pests of crops and ornamental plants, with Diaspididae, Pseudococcidae, and Coccidae being the three most important families. They can cause economic damage by sucking sap, injecting poisons, and transmitting viruses. Mealybugs and soft scales may also cause indirect damage by excreting honeydew onto the plant surface. National phytosanitary services conduct active inspections for these insects, and morphological identification is achievable, but difficult. Diaspididae are a family of fast-breeding insects that suck plant sap and produce a sticky material called pad, which attracts ants. Diaspididae is a type of sap-sucking insect that affects hard-leaved orchids, citrus, ficus, and other plants. Females are aphids and generate wax that provides a protective shield. The shield itself can be circular or extended and can range in color from light to dark brown. Diaspididae produces eggs (up to 3000 pieces) under the shield, from which very small, mobile young individuals hatch. Males have two front wings and can fly to other plants; their life cycle is only a few days long.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The article provides information on the geographical distribution of some wild species of the genus Allium L. distributed in the flora of Azerbaijan, as well as a detailed morphological analysis of their vegetative and generative organs. As a result of the ecological analysis, it was determined that the studied species are cryptophytes and most of them are distributed in the middle mountainous zone. In addition, considering that the wild species of the genus Allium L. we have selected have a great bioresource value, information about perspective of their use is also reflected in the article.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Samples were taken in order to study the distribution of Meloidogyne incognita in different organs (root and lower part of the stem) of potato plants in the farms of Gazakh-Tovuz economic region. During the examination of the samples by the Berman method, it was determined that the infection of potato with M. incognita was 46.7% in Gadabey district and 31.4% in Gazakh district. High intensity of infection was recorded in Shamkir (2-30 nematodes), Gadabey (2-29 nematodes), Tovuz (2-25 nematodes), and relatively low intensity in Gazakh (3-15 nematodes), Aghstafa (2-17 nematodes) regions. A total of 304 nematodes were found in the samples taken from the researched areas. The article provides information about the symptoms of the disease caused by the nematode M. incognita in plants, and the life cycle is reflected in a picture. Taking into account the serious economic damage caused by M. incognita species to the farms, recommendations were given regarding appropriate measures to combat its spread. M. incognita causes severe changes in the physiology, morphology and growth of the potato plant causing leaf wilting. The disease (nematodosis) occurring in the potato plant causes various changes in the above-ground and underground parts of the plant. The effect of M. incognita on the above-ground parts of the plant is manifested by symptoms such as retardation of plant development, yellowing of leaves, chlorosis of leaves, complete destruction of plants and poor growth of shoots. The symptoms of the underground part of the plant are manifested in the form of deformation of the roots, knotted roots, the formation of tumors and bumps. The most characteristic symptom of M. incognita when the infestation is high is the formation of nodules of different sizes (15 mm) on the primary and secondary roots.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Our research revealed 20 species of Bivalvia, 1 subspecies and 1 variety of the Sangzor River and its surrounding aquatic species belonging to 4 families and 5 genera. Of the species listed in the table: Euglesa hissarica , E. (Casertiana) obliquata , Odhneripisidium polytimeticum are more numerous. They are found in the amount of 1-4 m per 1 m2. The rest of the species are relatively rare. Euglesa (Cyclocalyx) gurvichi , Odhneripisidium terekense , O. (Kuiperipisidium) issykkulense were first discovered in the basin of the Sangzor river. These Bivalves are crenophils and pelolimnophils living in springs depending on their habitat. The length of the Sangzor River and the presence of all biotopes in which mollusks live, made the river a favorable habitat for mollusks. However, it should be noted that while all species occur in the river, they vary in density.
Бесплатно
Distribution of species of the genus Gentiana in Azerbaijan
Статья научная
Species of the Gentiana genus can be found in almost all regions of Azerbaijan. Basically, most species of gentians are distributed in the high mountain belt. During the research conducted in the Herbarium Fund of the Institute of Botany, the new habitats of two species belonging to the Gentiana genus was determined. G. septemfida Pall. is found in the territory of Bilgah village, Absheron district. New habitat for G. asclepiadea L. - is Lesser Caucasus (north), Gadabey area.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The territory of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of the Republic of Azerbaijan is rich in fodder plants. Despite this, pastures and hayfields in livestock farms are not used for their direct purpose. This, naturally, negatively affects the development of livestock breeding. As is known, plants of legume family are rich in nitrogen. Animals grazing regularly in these areas develop various gastrointestinal tumours when eating the wet mass of the plant. For this purpose, legumes should be used as dry feed. During 2024, studies were conducted to investigate the forage and chemical composition of Vicia elegans Guss species, including its distribution. Starting from early spring months, pastures and hayfields on the territory of the Batabat plateau were surveyed, and the use of the species ‘ Vicia elegans Guss’ in animal husbandry was studied. During the study, the ratio of dry matter and protein in leaves and stems of the plant collected from the Batabat plateau was determined.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Modern researchers unequivocally state an unfavorable picture of the mass burnout of the personnel of medical institutions. However, the descriptions of research materials do not contain data on the burnout of specialists from medical institutions for pregnant women and newborns. It has been suggested that the value aura of obstetrical activity stimulates the employees to manifest a humanistic mission in the profession, which also protects them from burnout. Empirical hypothesis testing is organized alternatively to traditional. Instead of studying the causes and level of burnout, factors of resistance to it were analyzed from cross-cultural positions. The method of statistical analysis of the critical values (φ* Fisher’s criterion; factor of critical values of selective correlation of Pirson r ) revealed similar and different indicators between the respondents from Kazakhstan and Germany. The indicators of the MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory), the SOC (Sense of Coherence) of A. Antonovsky etc. were compared. Differences in quantitative indicators served as a starting point for ascertaining the differences and their interpretation. Both groups of medical workers demonstrated favorable results. The respondents of both countries showed a pronounced professional resource of burnout resistance. The reason for this can be called the high social responsibility of physicians for the results of their work in countries focused on increasing demographic indicators. Differences are related to the overall level of burnout resistance (in Germany it is higher) and emotional exhaustion in particular (in Kazakhstan it is more favorable). The cross-cultural nature of the differences is due to the traditionally established resources of burnout resistance. These are professional and organizational resources in Germany (technological ordering, discipline and predictability of labor outcomes) and psychotherapeutic resources in Kazakhstan (emotional and personal support from colleagues and the environment).
Бесплатно
Doing business 2017: equal opportunity for all as a vector of regulation of the business environment
Статья научная
The article analyzes small entrepreneurship as one of the leading sectors of economy, determines rate of economic growth, conditions of employment of population, structure and quality of GDP. Purpose. To study the current state of business climate for entities of small and private entrepreneurship; to analyze the existing range of problems in the sphere of effective state regulation of business activity in the country; to conduct a detailed analysis of structure and dynamics of the World Bank report ranking of Doing Business 2017: equal opportunity for all in conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan in two years. Methodology. Observational, statistical analysis and purposeful monitoring of the leading ranking organizations of a business climate for small entrepreneurship were used. Various criteria influencing conditions of institutional and entrepreneurial environments were analyzed. Results. Development of small business is responsible to global trends of formation of flexible competitive economy, combination of different forms of ownership and their appropriate economic model in which difficult synthesis of a competitive market mechanism and state regulation of small and large business has been implemented. Therefore, author made attempt to study problems of effective regulation of small entrepreneurship, institutional ensuring business activity in the Republic of Uzbekistan and interaction of business with the government and institutional players of market. Conclusions. Based on detailed studying of the international ranking institutions and inspections of the entrepreneurial environment Doing Business 2017 on the example of Uzbekistan, the author makes proposals on enhancement of entrepreneurship development and improvement of business climate in the country.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The faba bean Vicia faba L. is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the world. Archaeological excavations show that this plant was first cultivated 10,000 years ago. During the Neolithic period (Stone Age), humans grew faba beans as a primary food source. In the Roman Empire, faba beans were widely used as both food and animal feed. Faba bean Vicia faba L. is a food crop known for its excellent taste and high-quality flavor. The composition of this plant contains 50-60% carbohydrates, 5-10% fiber, and 1-2% fats, mainly saturated fatty acids (oleic and linoleic acids). It is rich in B-group vitamins: B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin), and B6 vitamins. The plant also contains microelements such as Fe, K, Mg, P, Ca, and Zn, and fresh beans have a higher content of vitamin C. Vitamin E has antioxidant properties. The research was conducted on 15 samples of faba bean Vicia faba L.. The aim was to determine the resistance of these samples to drought, salinity, and high temperatures. Leaf samples were taken to evaluate resistance to drought and salinity, and to measure photosynthetic indicators such as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll (a + b), and carotenoids. The most drought- and stress-resistant samples were selected. Additionally, the protein content, amounts of essential amino acids like lysine and tryptophan, moisture content, 100-seed weight, cooking time, water absorption capacity, and resistance to fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases were also determined. The high levels of protein and essential amino acids in the faba bean make it valuable for both food and animal feed purposes.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
This paper investigates the dynamic pricing and energy management of integrated electric and thermal energy systems through the Stackelberg game approach, for the upper tier leader problem, the revenue of the integrated energy system as a whole is used as the objective function, taking into account the electricity price and related constraints such as the heat price, for the lower follower problem, a leader-follower Stackelberg game model is constructed with the highest user satisfaction as the objective function, Constraints such as power balance conditions and thermal balance conditions of the system are also taken into account, The upper level of the model is solved using a differential evolutionary algorithm, Lower level solver using CPLEX solver. The simulation results show that the proposed model not only effectively weighs the interests of the integrated energy system and the customer aggregator, but also achieves a win-win situation for both the customer aggregator and the external grid, and the solution algorithm used protects the data privacy between the integrated energy system and the customer aggregator.
Бесплатно
Dynamic regression models of forecasting indicators of social and economic security
Статья научная
Dynamic multi-factor regression models make it possible to take into account the dynamics of the proportions of the resulting indicator of socio-economic security and indicators in the retrospective period. The defects of such a model include the complexity of selecting indicators and determining their values in the lead period, the difficulty of forming multivariate static regression models, the development of predictive models of regression coefficients. Without paying attention to the statistical significance of multivariate models used to form a dynamic model, the values of regression coefficients over the years have all the chances to fluctuate significantly in the time series of these coefficients. The alternately decreasing or rising regression coefficients due to the modification of the impact of indicators on the dynamics of the values of the resulting indicator of socio-economic security often does not allow to create a forecast model.
Бесплатно
Dynamics of accumulation of flavonoids in different organs of Sambucus nigra and S. ebulus
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the phytochemical study of flavonoids in various organs of species of the Sambucus L. genus. The results of studying the dynamics of accumulation of the amount of flavonoids in the composition of S. nigra and S. ebulus species depending on the phases of plant development in various organs showed that during the vegetation period the amount of flavonoids undergoes a sharp change. It was established that in the generative organs of the studied species S. nigra and S. ebulus , the maximum amount of flavonoids accumulates in flowers (7.34%, 5.58%, respectively), the minimum amount in green fruits (1.91%, 2.83%). In the vegetative organs, the maximum amount accumulates in the leaves (4.94, 4.91%), and the minimum amount in roots (0.95%, 0.67%) and stems (1.46, 1.32%). The results obtained are of practical importance, since they indicate the possibility of using various plant organs as a source of raw materials for the production of flavonoids.
Бесплатно
Dynamics of population of Primorsky krai
Статья научная
In the real work the demographic situation in separately taken region is considered. In the Concept of population policy of the Russian Federation until 2025 one of solutions of population policy is “involvement of migrants according to requirements of demographic and social and economic development, taking into account need of their social adaptation and integration”. This decision leads only to visible improvements of a demographic situation leading to emergence of various social problems in respect of national identity. Therefore within work extent of influence of various regional factors on population is investigated. Various socio-economic indexes reflecting the standard of living of the population and development of the region act as the key indicators characterizing dynamics of population. On their basis to be under construction the corresponding regression model which factorial signs are number given rise, number of the dead and number of the registered crimes. To be carried out statistical assessment of the importance and degree of adequacy to the constructed model. Ways of increase in population in Primorsky Krai, as a result of carrying out the social policy directed to change of factorial signs are offered. The corresponding positive forecast of dynamics of population is constructed.
Бесплатно
Ecocritical approach to Plakha by Ch. Aitmatov
Статья научная
The present paper is devoted to the ecocritical analysis of Ch. Aitmatov’s novel "The place of the Skull". The topicality of this paper lays on the questions of ecology that are being at stake globally in the 21st century and that has become relevant for Kyrgyzstan as never before. Representation of the environmental issues in literature is crucial, and Aitmatov, whose works often contain themes of relationship between nature and human is perfect to study. In our analysis we distinguish the wolf pair as main characters, setting and human depiction. With the close reading as the method we reveal the author’s concern of growing human ignorance towards the nature and the extinction of unique flora and fauna in Central Asia. The research concludes that Aitmatov warns humanity about the future, where both: human and its surrounding nature suffer losses.
Бесплатно
Ecogeographical problems of air pollution in the big cities of Azerbaijan
Статья научная
In connection with the development of urbanization, the protection of cities and the environment, issues of restoring the ecological balance become an urgent issue. The scale and intensity of product development in Azerbaijan enhance the anthropogenic impact on the nature of the regions. Such an effect is manifested in the pollution of soils with industrial, household waste, chemical fertilizers, the burning of hydrocarbons, the emission of harmful substances in the water and vehicles into the environment. Like in the whole world and in Azerbaijan, such negative processes are no exception. In this regard, the environmental problems of cities and urban agglomerations around the world are in the focus of attention of specialists and scientists. The presented article considers environmental and geographic problems that arose as a result of air emissions in 8 cities of Azerbaijan. The historical properties of studying atmospheric pollution in cities are analyzed, ecogeographic methods for studying atmospheric pollution of cities are identified, environmental pollutants of large cities and the ecogeographic properties of their influence are considered...
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The territory of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is very rich in vegetation. The location of the territory in a sharply continental climate zone has also had a great influence on the flora. Whether it be high mountain, medium mountain, lowland or flat areas, various groups of plants inhabit this territory. Thus, plant species with medicinal, fodder, technical, vegetable and other properties are found in our Republic. One of the most widespread families in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is the Plantaginaceae Juss. family. During my research, I studied in detail the taxonomic composition, bioecological characteristics, distribution areas and life forms of species of the Plantaginaceae family (Plantaginaceae Juss.) common in this territory. During the research, the vegetation period of all three species of the family was fully traced over a certain period (one year). It was established that species of the Plantaginaceae family (Plantaginaceae Juss.) are also widely used in folk medicine.
Бесплатно
Ecological analysis of some Azerbaijan phanerophytes in ex situ conditions
Статья научная
Analyzes of the relationship of 115 species of phanerophytes used in cultural conditions (Azerbaijan) against some abiotic factors (light, temperature, water, wind, etc.) have been presented in the paper. 2 species of these taxa are hygrophytes, 56 species are mesophytes, 23 species are xerophytes, 9 species are mesoskerophytes and 25 species are xeromesophytes have been determined depending from the relationship with water according to the results of analyzes. 100 light-loving species, 15 shade-loving species, 97 wind-resistant species and 18 wind-resistant species were found as a result of the study.
Бесплатно
