Филологические науки. Рубрика в журнале - Бюллетень науки и практики
The nomadic mood of loneliness embodied in the Raven by Edgar Allen Poe
Статья научная
The article investigates the poem The Raven by American dark genius Edgar Allen Poe. The research was done basing on historical, biographical and psychological literary schools, and is aimed to disclose hidden link of the poem to the life of the author. Moreover, the research includes the study of elements of gothic literature depicted in the poem.
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The notion of phraseological unit
Статья научная
The given article deals with issues related to the relationship between phraseological units and words, and provides definitions of the term “phraseological unit”. A significant part of the article is devoted to the review and analysis of different views of scientists on the theory of equivalence of phraseological units with words. The results of the analysis are used to formulate conclusions about the relationship between words and phraseological units.
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The process of enantiosemy in Nizami Ganjavi and Gatran Tabrizi's creative works
Статья научная
The article deals with “enantiosemy” the term which shows situation that carry two meanings, the first it’s meaning is “exist”, in second is “not exist”. It has opposite meanings. This process happens in vocabulary. The history of this process is connected with the ancient history of language. It has opposite meanings. This process happens in vocabulary. The history of this process is connected with the ancient history of language.
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The representation of the author's individual world picture in the literary text
Статья научная
The article encompasses the scrutiny of the author’s individual world picture representation in the literary text. The world picture of the author defines his/her modality, positive-negative attitude to the realities of the world or the characters and events in the literary text. Of great importance to the research is conditioned by the fact that there are particular linguistic means which illustrate the author’s image either explicitly or implicitly. Specifically, concepts, descriptive contexts and symbols are investigated within the scope of the research as the most frequently used linguistic means in revealing the author’s worldview. Additionally, the article presents the analysis of the literary texts to support the theories standing behind the topic.
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The distinction between transitive and intransitive verbs is important for the choice of the auxiliary verb in the formation of the compound tenses, for the formation of the passive voice and indeed for the learners of the FLE for their good translations.
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Статья научная
One of the major issues in contemporary text linguistics is the analysis of the cognitive principles of distributing information in a literary text. Literary text unlike other types of the texts holds subtextual and conceptual information which could be encoded by the readers when they identify foregrounded parts of the text. Foregrounding is the type of cognitive principles of distributing information in the text and its main function is guiding the readers in interpretation of hidden and conceptual message of the text by showing some signals (important extracts) to the readers. In this article, the types and techniques of foregrounding are discussed, and their usages are observed in the short story The Luncheon by S. Maugham.
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The role of the intensity category in the implementation of artistic opposition
Статья научная
The article examines the phenomena of opposition, contrast ratio, contradictions that form the basis of artistic opposition. The direct (explicit) and indirect (implicit) realization of opposition in a literary text is studied. Seven stages of text creation are covered. An attempt was also made to systematize the ways of expressing the category of intensity that affects the expression of artistic opposition.
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The stylistic nature of the theory of foregrounding in the literary text
Статья научная
The theory of foregrounding plays an integral part in the way a reader perceives and decodes linguistic expression, whereas construal process allows for dynamic categorization and portrayal of a situation with the help of a big diversity of linguistic means. By means of classification of construing phenomena, scholars identified key dimensions such as attention, judgment, perspective and constitution, elucidating intricate mechanisms of comprehension and expression of language. The article touches on two types of saliencies in cognitive linguistics such as cognitive and ontological salience. It also underscores Langacker’s notion of “entrenchment” and investigates the concepts of communicative salience, gearing towards profiling and trajectory / landmark alignment to set forth how attention is directed in linguistic expressions. The article examines the theory of foregrounding in cognitive linguistics and its correlation with construal operation. It sheds light on how language shapers perception and categorization of situation, participants and their features through a wide range of construal phenomenon. The article dives into various classifications and subcategories of construal phenomenon, highlighting the way attention, judgment, perspective and constitution play a part in language input and output. The article sets forth complex interplay of language, cognitive operations and salience, in particular within the framework of cognitive linguistics. The article investigates how language means and structures contribute to the foregrounding of prominent conceptual elements and decoding scenes and situations. The scientific work explores a wide range of notions of salience in literary analysis, primarily focusing on Leech and Short’s concepts of literary relevance, psychological prominence and statistical deviance. The article delves into the way these notions cooperate with one another and contribute to subjective recognition of style in literary texts. Moreover, it explores the role of figure and ground in the theory of foregrounding emphasizing how original and striking linguistic means, or “figures” stand out from conventional linguistic elements, aka. “ground” contributing to actualization and creative presentation of the world in literature. Overall, the scientific article emphasizes dynamic process of stylistic analysis and the function of literature in presenting the world in a novel and creative manner.
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The tip of the iceberg theory (based on A very short story by Ernest Hemingway)
Статья научная
There is always something that distinguishes one author from another one. That something might be the genre, choice of the words, theme of the literary work, attitude of the author toward the characters, moral that can be extracted by the readers, and so on. Along with these distinctions Ernest Hemingway’s “iceberg” style of writing also has tremendous significance because it is mostly the style of writing that makes the author stand out from the rest. The main aim of the article is to reveal the “iceberg” of Hemingway through his short story “A Very Short Story”. In order to achieve this goal, we used discourse analysis which includes lexical and grammatical cohesion, deixis (person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, social deixis), presupposition, entailment, implicature, locution, illocution, and perlocution. Aforementioned elements also comprise sub-elements which we demonstrate in this article.
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The use of Arabisms in the poem “Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)” by Egemberdy Ermatov
Статья научная
The article studies usage of the words borrowed from Arabic in the poem “Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)” by Egemberdy Ermatov. It’s known from history that there wasn’t a direct contact of Kyrgyz language with Arabic but orally and through other languages words were borrowed from Arabic into the Kyrgyz language before XVI century. After gaining sovereignty as a democratic society Kyrgyzstan was in principle open to the free exercise of religion. The poem was written after gaining sovereignty and it’s essential to study its language, Arabism in particular. Studying Arabic borrowing used in the poem, it has been found out that the author avoided religious terms that are obscure for ordinary readers. Out of 1100 words picked up by T. Abdiev as Arabism from the dictionary complied by K.K. Yudahin, 365 words were used in the poem. The most frequently used words are Muslim, mystery, Mecca and life. It can also be concluded that under the influence of bilingualism etymological doublets appeared in the Kyrgyz language.
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The verbalization of the national world picture
Статья научная
The article deals with the study of the national world picture and its role in reflecting culturally colored aspects of different national elements through language. The national world picture is the vision of the world from the point of lifelong experiences of particular nations, which have been traced due to nationally specific biases. This type of the vision of the world is represented by nationally specific means such as national mentality, character, values, myths, traditions and others. The article is particularly concerned with the verbalization of the national character and mentality in the representation of the English national world picture. On the basis of the analysis, the article illustrates the representation of national character and mentality through the application of particular linguistic units in the literary text.
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Theoretical aspects of studying ethnography as a scientific discipline
Статья научная
This article considers theoretical aspects of studying ethnography as a scientific discipline. The aim of the article is to consider linguistic analysis of ethnographic terminology (on materials of Russian and Uzbek languages). The author of the article considers that the vocabulary of the people is connected with the history of the country, with the events taking place at all stages of political, economic and cultural development of the state. A great influence on the development of vocabulary of one culture on the other is the borrowing of words, which occurs in the course of the development of any of the areas in the state. The lexical composition of the language accepts all cultural contacts and replenishes its vocabulary, which results in the creation of ethnographic terminology. Composition of linguistic analysis of this terminology is one of the most interesting goals in studying borrowed words and their role in lexico-semantic system of Russian and Uzbek languages.
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Title intertextuality in Ray Bradburie's works
Статья научная
This article deals with the concept of intertextuality in the titles of Ray Bradbury’s short stories. It reflects the ideas of intertextuality in general, intending to define them through the examples of his short stories. It intends to explain why the author uses title intertextuality while decoding the plot of his short stories and the referred text. Through four stories, “There will come soft rains”, “Some live like Lazarus” “I sing the body Electric” “Perchance to dream” (also called “Asleep in Armageddon”) we find what role an intertext plays, being used in the title of the work and how it should be seen as an intertextuality as being as reference tool in new texts. That in turn helps us to understand the author’s mastery extend who while writing new texts that would refers to other texts in his title. Along the way, we will witness the value of science-fiction and its usage in his works.
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Translating Methods of Realities in English, Russian and Kyrgyz Culture
Статья научная
This article is devoted to the problem of translation of linguistic realities in English, Russian and Kyrgyz cultures. The article is an overview of the realities in the mentioned cultures. An attempt is made to find ways to overcome the linguo-ethnic barrier when translating concepts from the Kyrgyz language, reflecting the national character. The essence of this problem boils down to the fact that the main requirement of translation is to preserve the originality of the translated text and to study the cultural component of the text. It should be aimed at identifying the differences between the original and the translation, not only because of the linguistic form, but also because of the cultural one. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the elements of the linguistic specificity of translation of realities in English, Russian and Kyrgyz cultures. The subject of the research is ethnic elements - objective problems arising during translation, and methods of their solution, that is, the transfer of cultural realities during translation. The article examines the theory of cultural realities in the translation aspect and analyzes the main features and methods of translating words-realities. The selected realities are analyzed from the point of view of their translation methods to identify the most effective ones. To solve the set specific tasks, the following methods were used in the work: analysis, synthesis, classification and generalization of the data obtained. As a result of the study, material was obtained, the analysis of which made it possible to conclude that the choice of one way or another way to overcome the linguo-ethnic barrier depends on the situation of intercultural communication, as well as on the goals of the participants in the communication.
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Using Zoom in teaching English grammar
Статья научная
The author describes teaching the English language to students using the latest information technologies (ZOOM platform) when teaching grammar. The article foregrounds the advantages of distance teaching the English language especially grammar structures with the help of the latest information technologies (ZOOM platform). The author examines the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning of the language in the framework of the original teaching experience at school and also shares the experience of organizing distance learning of the English language in the context of the pandemic. The purpose of teaching a foreign language is to develop a basic ability to communicate with simple words and texts about everyday life as well as to raise the interest of students in Grammar activities and provide them with the opportunity to understand the culture of the country under study.
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Using informal language in prose fiction (in the example of the novels by Ch. Aitmatov)
Статья научная
The article deals with informal language used in the novels by Ch. Aitmatov. In the literary works of art authors don’t always state facts, narrate events and describe the setting, they also show the real conversation between characters or someone’s thoughts and feelings explicitly in the text. In such cases the authors use informal language taking into consideration age and mood of characters, settings and location where this or that dialogue or monologue is taking place. It’s revealed that informal language used in prose fiction has a figurative meaning, and depending on the context it may have both positive and negative meanings. It’s clear from examples that informal language is used purposefully by the author to create authentic atmosphere of informality and intimacy, to make sense of immediate communication with readers and to have satirical and ironic effect making his speech emotive and expressive.
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Vocabulary retention in cognitive theory
Статья научная
Vocabulary learning has been a key aspect of acquiring a second language for many years. Many scholars and linguists claimed that learning languages cannot be successful without a wide range of vocabulary. However, most ESL learners are confronted with recalling difficulties as they tend to forget the word fast that they learned recently. These challenges are commonly discussed and researched by Cognitivists since they deem that there are several reasons for forgetting associated with memory and mental process. This case study entails small-scale research on vocabulary retention, reasons for forgetting, and some potential solutions to recall words in the second language. For this case study, we have chosen Cognitivism Theory in a bid to investigate and find out remembering challenges of our ESL learner and give her some possible solutions because according to cognitive psychology it is said that systematic forgetting occurs owing to interfering effects, a continuation of the very process of subsumption, neurolinguistic blocking and other factors. Relying on their findings we tried to help our seventeen-year-old student who tends to forget English words easily. In this case, the hypothesis of the research is that pictorial texts or stories can be more effective for short and long-term vocabulary learning and retention.
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Words expressing positive human emotions in The adventures of Huckleberry Finn novel by Mark Twain’s
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The language of emotions has infinite possibilities for conveying the subtlest shades of feelings, for evaluating what is happening through sensory experience, for influencing the addressee of the message and for self-expression. Indeed, it is difficult to imagine a human speech devoid of emotional and sensual component, regardless of what culture and language it is a native speaker. The high coefficient of the emotional component in the linguistic canvas of the cultural picture of the world of any nation is evidenced, in particular, by the data of explanatory dictionaries, the pages of which abound with emotionally colored vocabulary. The article reviews words expressing positive emotions in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Novel by Mark Twain’s.
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World literature on the destiny and sufferings of Jewish people
Статья научная
The article considers the Holocaust reflection in world literature and popular authors as the best painters of the Holocaust repressions. Naturally, the Holocaust is a trauma which cannot ever be restored, a gap that cannot be bridged. Down to the present day, this remains an important topic for discussion. Despite the overwhelming persecution and death that surrounded the Jewish nation, hundreds of thousands of Jews survived the nightmare of the Holocaust. In order to integrate the past in their lives, survivors want to testify and/or write down their experiences. These stories of survival provide the only glimpse of ‘goodness’ that comes from the terrible story of the Holocaust. It proves that, even in history’s darkest hour, there was a glimmer of hope; that in a world that seemed to be falling apart, good still had the capacity to overcome evil. All stories written on the destiny and sufferings of the Jewish nation are worth analysis. However, we took only those which are in the form of confession...
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Статья научная
В статье с точки зрения компаративной методологии рассматриваются образы героев романов Ч. Айтматова «Плаха», «Тавро Кассандры», «Когда падают горы». Автор основное внимание уделяет аспекту концепции личности, анализируя прежде всего идейную сущность образов Авдия Каллистратова, Роберта Борка и Арсена Саманчина. Сопоставительный анализ данных образов выявляет их типологическую и генетическую общность, которую можно рассматривать в свете идейно-тематических, сюжетных автозаимствований, перекличек. В этом аспекте перспективными и продуктивными представляются исследования генетической общности образов героев в указанных романах Ч. Айтматова с точки зрения способов и приемов психологического изображения, отдельных изобразительно-выразительных средств, речевых характеристик.
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