Original research. Рубрика в журнале - International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education
Cyber-victimization and its impact on Victim’s Psychosomatic Status
Статья научная
Cyberbullying is an important issue to discuss and investigate. This study is a theoretical and empirical research aimed at proving cyber-victimization’s negative impact on psychosomatic health. A direct relationship between these two phenomena is that poor mood regulation in childhood entails dissatisfaction with surrounding world causing rage against weaker peers, victimization, which affects victims’ psychosomatic status. Methods used are literature analysis for the research and empirical part assessing aggressiveness in children (Buss-Darkey Inventory), their emotional state and psychosomatic health problems caused by victimization (authors’ questionnaire. As a result young victims’ psychosocial problems are seen as having negative consequences in later life. Because of these consequences, bullying becomes a hot topic and causes researchers, parents’, as well as school teachers and school psychologists’ concern. Cyberbullying will continue as long as electronic gadgets and communication devices are plugged in and used which is becoming an increasing problem due to dissemination of information, telecommunication technologies and the involvement of children and adolescents in the widespread digitalization of various spheres of life. In conclusion we recommend teachers and parents to develop understanding of cybervictimization, besides to pay attention to their children’s emotional intelligence development that should help them resist victimization and avoid health problems.
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Cyberbullying in the light of challenges of school-based prevention
Статья научная
The main goal of the paper is to present opinions about cyberbullying prevention in Poland in the light of teachers’ experiences. The authors show the current state of knowledge of electronic aggression and cyberbullying among the youths. They also present an overview of the difficulties educators face, the challenges and expectations of kids and youth regarding media prevention, as well as challenges related to the effectiveness of the modern, innovative prevention of risky behaviours. The study was conducted in the Pedagogical University of Cracow, in the first half of 2019, using a focus group method. The results provide new guidelines and findings which may be valuable for school practice and media pedagogy. The interviewed teachers declared that the effectiveness of the hitherto implemented preventive activities varies. They declared their need to develop their own digital literacy and were willing to participate in trainings focused on the practical aspects of anticipating cyberbullying and solving difficult cases (e.g. related to sexuality, image protection or attacking teachers via the Internet). The respondents admitted the necessity of joining efforts with police and local community institutions when solving the cyberbullying-related problems.
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Статья научная
In modern science, the issue of studying the decision-making process is challenging. If these decisions are connected with finances: monetary gains or losses - the problem becomes even more acute. Decision-making is almost always connected with risk and uncertainty. In order to investigate the problem of financial decision-making at risk laboratory studies have been conducted to determine the degree of rationality of such decisions as well as the neural and psychodynamic characteristics of the subject. This paper presents the results of the study of this problem at the extreme values of the probability of a gain or a loss - 0.99 and 0.01.
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Статья научная
This article analyzes the possibility of online education to ensure the quality of higher education. A review of scientific literature led to the conclusion that in the Russian scientific discourse, the potential of online education to ensure the quality of higher education through the resource potential has not been studied. The goal is formulated as follows: to determine the sufficiency of online learning resources to ensure the expected quality of education in a social institution of higher education in Russia. The neo-institutional approach is the methodological basis. Before the empirical research, the basic concepts were operationalized: the quality of higher education, online education, quality resources of higher education. The operationalization resulted in the identification of two empirical indicators: 1) resources of students for obtaining quality education in the context of online education; 2) resources of professors to ensure the quality of education in environment of online education. They formed the basis for structuring the questionnaire. The same indicators are used to analyze the data obtained. The study found that the overwhelming majority of professors indicated a sharp decline in the effectiveness of their educational activities on the Teams or Zoom platforms. This includes a decrease in professional motivation and interest in the end result of work, mental detachment from students and indifference to them, increased anxiety due to fears of deteriorating health, indifference to professional development, loss of visual and non-verbal control over students, etc. The opinion of professors on the main positions is correlated with the point of view of students. However, there is a stable group of about 25% among learners that is focused on online education and demonstrates the belief that in the context of e-learning, resources for obtaining quality of education are increasing. We have formulated a proposal according to which this group of students should study in special online (digital) schools according to an abbreviated program, where accelerated vocational training is a priority.
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Статья научная
The article raises the issue of whether managerialism can improve the efficiency of university management. Managerial management was adopted in Russia to promote the intensification of three types of professional activity of teachers: research work, educational process and socialization of students. It was assumed that the more teachers perform various types of work within the framework of their professional employment, the more the efficiency of management will grow. For these purposes, universities began to function as a quasi-market corporation, in which each actor had their own personal KPI. Its implementation and subsequent growth of indicators were considered as a guarantee of increasing managerial efficiency. The authors express the opinion that such an approach is erroneous in relation to such types of activities where flow assessment of quality is impossible. It is an unsuccessful example of the transfer to higher education of those practices that have developed in commercial corporations. In this regard, the authors put forward a hypothesis according to which Russian universities under managerial management have partially lost their traditional goals: to teach a profession, create scientific innovations, and introduce students to culture. To confirm this hypothesis, a universal model of effective university management was developed. Four empirical indicators were defined on its basis: 1) clear articulation of goals; 2) provision of sufficient resources to achieve goals; 3) reliable system of control over the use of resources; 4) social significance of the manufactured product. A survey of university teachers in six regions of the south of Russia (sample population - 849 respondents) showed that managerial management unreasonably commercializes the professional activities of teachers, that the overwhelming majority of employees of educational organizations do not have sufficient resources to fulfill their KPIs, that there is mass falsification and imitation of the results of professional activity, that the academic community has lost its subjectivity, is under pressure from university administrations and, therefore, is unable to perform the function of proper control over the quality of educational and scientific activities. A general conclusion is made according to which under the conditions of managerial management the goals of universities have ceased to be achieved. Consequently, from an economic point of view, state financing of the overwhelming majority of Russian universities seems to be an unprofitable and unpromising undertaking.
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Delinquent behaviour of children from dysfunctional families
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The subject of my research in the paper is the children from dysfunctional families, primarily their delinquent behavior, education and moral, actually, who takes care of them and who undertakes the family roles and whether this care is sufficient for building these personalities. This research approaches towards the study of the delinquent behavior of children from dysfunctional families. It examines to what extent the educational level of parents, the material condition, the health condition, the leisure time, the average monthly income of the family, the available permanent goods, the educational resources, the social communications within the very family, all affect the delinquent behavior of children from dysfunctional families.
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Designing Digital Multimodal Resources for the Kindergarten: From Intuition to Awareness
Статья научная
The study adapts McNeill and Robin’s (2012) evaluation system for digital story design to identify pre-service kindergarten teachers’ perceptions of its process and product aspect. Conducted within the course Pedagogy of Construction and Technology, the empirical study involves self-, peer, and expert evaluation of custom-designed multimodal educational digital ensembles. Significant differences across these evaluation axes emerge in the indicators clarity and cohesion, the capacity of the resource to render symbolic/metaphorical meanings, and students’ consideration of the audience’s age-related capabilities. Unlike students, experts manifest a more pronounced criticism, because their evaluation draws on their experience and perception of the applicability of the resources. To contextualize the three axes of evaluation, focus group discussions were conducted exploring students’ intentions related to goal setting, preparation, the author’s presence, and the multimodal modes of expression. A lack of specialized technological knowledge was established for effective use of multimedia software. Inconsistencies in students’ perception of the storyboarding process were also identified, along with an orientation to the audience’s motivation rather than to their age-related characteristics. These findings highlight the need for a systematic design of university courses in educational multimodal digital design for Education majors.
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Designing e-learning environment based on student preferences: conjoint analysis approach
Статья научная
The aim of this paper was to determine students’ preferences towards e-learning environment in order to select and design its components that suit the needs of student’s best. The research was implemented using conjoint analysis. Three dimensions of interest were considered: e-learning technology, teaching method and knowledge assessment and the results show that knowledge assessment is the most important e-learning attribute for both traditional and online students. Adding into consideration the teaching method as well, further analysis showed that students can be profiled in two segments: oriented on results or process, which can be used at the beginning of studies to adjust e-learning environment. Research findings emphasized student preferences as essential for designing e-learning system, while student satisfaction turned out to be a key factor determining their persistence for studying in e-learning environment. Finally, recommendations for improvement of existing e-learning system were given.
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Статья научная
The aim of this research is to determine, interpret and provide recommendations on instructional practices and evaluation of classroom teachers working with mainstreaming students at schools in the North Cyprus. A qualitative research method was used in the research. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews as one of the qualitative data collection methods. The interview form used in the research included 10 questions related to design and teaching practices as well as evaluation of the effectiveness of the instruction. Interviews were conducted with 12 classroom teachers working at mainstreaming classes under the North Cyprus Ministry of National Education and all interviews were recorded. These data were transferred to a digital environment where they were interpreted as code titles. The results showed that classroom teachers carry out in-class practices for teaching methods and activities of their mainstreaming students, and benefit from visual materials that they prepared with an assistant teacher. However, the classroom teachers also stated that they are unable to allocate time for their mainstreaming students because of the large numbers of students in the class and therefore they send their mainstreaming students to the special education teachers in their schools. It was determined that classroom teachers make their evaluations based on the level, interest and ability of students when evaluation the effectiveness of teaching.
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Determining professional mobility levels of secondary school teachers
Статья научная
Education has a great share in the development of a country. Countries that invest in education are developing in all respects. There are many factors that affect education, but the most important of them is the teacher. Because other factors affecting education do not make sense without a teacher. The better the teachers are trained, the more appropriate the working conditions, the better the quality of education, and thus the establishment of a modern, peaceful country. This study aims to determine professional mobility levels of secondary school teachers. Mixed research method was used in the study. A total number of 146 teachers including 60 teachers in the control group and 86 in the experimental group participated in the study. Results confirmed the effectiveness of activities to update students’ pedagogical experiences as a necessary step in the development of professional pedagogical mobility. Results are discussed with relevant literature and recommendations for further research and practices are provided.
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Development of Scientific Writing and Communication Skills in the Context of Forestry Research
Статья научная
This article is devoted to the investigation and experimental validation of a model for developing scientific writing and communication skills among students majoring in “Forestry”. The study included a scientometric analysis of scientific publications using CiteSpace software, which revealed key areas of research such as argumentation, inquiry-based writing, scientific communication, and metacognitive components. In parallel with the analytical work, a pedagogical experiment was carried out, involving students from both experimental and control groups. The skills were assessed across eight aspects: formulation of the scientific problem, text structuring, source citation, clarity and logical coherence, use of scientific vocabulary, data interpretation, visualization of results, and justification of conclusions. The results demonstrated a significant improvement (on average, 35%) in all components among students in the experimental group, while the control group showed minimal changes. This confirms the effectiveness of the practice-oriented model, integrated into the educational process through research-based tasks. The findings can be applied in the development of educational programs and methods for training forestry specialists.
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Статья научная
Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 concepts are actively developing all over the world. The accelerating transition to Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 sets new requirements for the university education system in qualifications and competencies of engineering universities graduates. The article reveals the possibilities of using cognitive models in the professional training of research engineers for new industries. Authors used the modeling method for creating a cognitive and metacognitive model of the process. It can be used for the development of forming the optimal structure of higher professional engineering education. The article substantiates that the main tasks of modernization of pedagogical approaches in modern education, is to establish the compliance of educational products with the labor market requirements and transform the structure of vocational education, providing training for professional specialists required by specific employers. Conclusions are drawn about the important role of soft skills for engineering education in Industry 4.0. The results obtained in the study can be used for the engineering category of students.
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Development of social skills among elementary school children
Статья научная
The purpose of the research was to explore the development of social skills among elementary school children and identify similarities and differences based on socio-demographic characteristics. The research was conducted in 2017. This study used a sample of 1639 fifth and eighth-grade students from 17 primary schools in the area of the Central Bosnia Canton. The obtained findings provided significant results. The high level of self-assessment of social competence was determined. The results also showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the respondents in the assessment of social competence with regard to the gender and grade of the students. The correlation between social competence and students’ school performance was determined. These findings will have their practical application in teaching process, and help teachers and students in the development of social competence through teaching process.
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Didactic trends and perceived teachers’ training needs in higher education: a case study
Отчет
Today’s world requires people who manage their learning and professional updating processes, which claims for a change in educational practices in all levels of education. However, in Higher Education, this transformation relies mostly on teacher’s efforts to innovate within the learning environments, requiring institutional efforts to generate strategies towards educational innovation. This paper presents the analysis of didactic trends and training needs of teachers at UNIMINUTO Colombia, based on the data gathered at the Annual Meetings for Innovative Pedagogical Practices and an additional survey applied on-line, to determine teachers’ training needs and, furthermore, institutional strategies to strengthen the teaching-learning process. The study uses a mixed methodology through a concurrent triangulation design with qualitative and quantitative methods, with an exploratory scope; both quantitative and qualitative parts of the study counted on a voluntary sampling method. Trend analysis shows that the most used didactic methods are Project-Based learning, Research-Based Learning, and Collaborative Learning. However, the analysis of teachers’ appropriation of knowledge about didactics, especially on those strategies, is low or basic, which compared to the training needs expressed by teachers demonstrate that training processes in educational innovation and new teaching methods is crucial to help educational innovation initiatives to evolve. The study stablishes a trend towards the use active-learning methodologies in pedagogical practices, highlighting the necessity of teachers’ training in how and when to use them, and setting the importance of including communication skills as a topic in teachers’ training programs.
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Different self-attitude indicators in students and their self-realization in a university
Статья научная
The problem raised in the study is also due to the lack of a common conceptual framework explaining the conditionality of foreign students' realization by subjective characteristics. The purpose of the paper is to present and analyze the results of an empirical study of self-attitude indicators as subject predictors of students' self-realization in a foreign cultural environment. The study was conducted in 2019-20 among students of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia getting undergraduate and Master's degrees in Humanities. 412 respondents aged 18-25 took part in the survey. The authors used “Multidimensional questionnaire of self-identity” method by S. I. Kudinov; “Test - questionnaire of self-attitude” method by V. V. Stolin, S. R. Panteleev; the self-assessment diagnostic technique by Dembo-Rubinstein in A. M. Prikhozhan's modification; “Individual preferences of self-expression sphere” questionnaire by S. S. Kudinov; methods of mathematical and statistical analysis (descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, K. Pearson's correlation analysis, factor analysis, the program of standard statistical package “Statistica-7.0”. In the course of an empirical study of students in a multinational university it was found that the respondents' self-realization is carried out mainly in the course of educational activities. As a result of cluster analysis, three groups of respondents with dominant indicators of self-attitude have been identified, which were conventionally designated as positive-stable, negative-rigid and socially dependent type of self-attitude. It is determined that respondents with a positive-stable type of self-attitude demonstrate most successful self-fulfillment due to the expression of such personal qualities as self-acceptance, self-confidence, faith in their possibilities and abilities, self-management. At the same time, the greatest difficulties in self-realization are experienced by students with a socially dependent type of self-attitude, due to low self-esteem, external self-regulation and constant expectation that others would evaluate their activities, actions and reactions.
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Статья научная
The predictive abilities of children are little investigated in cognitive psychology. The results of empirical studies of predictive thinking of senior preschool age children with underdevelopment are presented. The sample group was 6-7 year old children attending kindergarten. There are 18 children with somatic, speech disorders. We used techniques: “Psychodiagnostic complex (PDC)”, the method of investigating the peculiarities of predictive activity; the method for diagnostics the level of development of verbal-logical thinking. We used the method of participant observation. We presented the data proving that children with a mental underdevelopment more often make mistakes in predictions and mistakes of distractions, elements alternating, strategies change, classification, which reduces their cognitive efficiency. The results demonstrate statistical relationships between the indicators of the ability to prediction, verbal-logical and visual-creative thinking in children of preschool age. Factors influencing the formation of mental abilities of children are discussed.
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Diffusion of innovation in modern school
Статья научная
This paper presents the results of research aimed to examine how teachers are interested in the application of innovation in teaching and in their personal development. An attempt was made to determine their opinion on the application of innovation in education. Sample consisted of 162 teachers (N = 162) in primary and secondary schools. We used the technique of scaling and instrument evaluation scale that was specifically designed for this research. The results show that teachers easily and smoothly implement innovations in their educational work and the knowledge gained by applying innovation far better in terms of practical application and durability of the knowledge acquired without the use of innovation. A qualitative analysis has shown that the majority of respondents had positive views of the use of innovations in their schools.
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Digital Game-Based Learning’s (DGBL) Effect on Students’ Academic Performance
Статья научная
Digital game-based learning (DGBL) has redefined education in recent years. Instead of replacing conventional methods of instruction, the aim is to make learning more complex and adapted to how students really engage with the modern world. This study aims to collect data that will assist educators, students, legislators, and creators of digital games in recognizing the value of the DGBL approach to education. Together, they may enhance and modify these approaches to better suit students’ requirements and enhance their academic performance. The study’s conclusions may significantly affect future applications of digital educational games in educational settings. Since they could offer a deeper comprehension that would enable students’ benefit from personalized instruction through artificial intelligence (AI), while at the same time using immersive technologies would increase students’ involvement, interest, and motivation for learning in a virtual environment. A questionnaire was emailed to 328 students at all three study levels, as well as faculty and administrative personnel from Megatrend University in Belgrade, who took part in the study. According to the findings, participants believe that a) if digital games and educational content are combined in learning, students are more likely to increase their learning efficiency in this way; b) if a digital game-based learning (DGBL) approach provides a dynamic and engaging learning environment, it is more likely to increase student motivation and participation in the learning process; c) if digital game-based learning (DGBL) includes rewards, feedback, and competition, there is greater potential to significantly improve student learning outcomes; d) if digital game-based learning (DGBL) is supported by artificial intelligence (AI), which enables personalization, the learning is more likely to dynamically adapt to each student’s performance.
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Digital competencies in the context of preschool music education
Статья научная
Given the digitalization of modern society and the way a child acquires musical experiences, practitioners are expected to apply various media in everyday educational praxis. The theoretical framework of technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) is an approach that connects the knowledge of educators with Information and Communications Technology (ICT), concurrently developing technology-supported pedagogical knowledge and integration of technology into education. The paper aims to investigate educators’ self-assessment of their digital competencies and their implementation in musical activities with preschool children. The respondents are full-time and part-time graduate students of the Early Childhood and Preschool Education study program from faculties of teacher education in Croatia. The obtained results indicate that 91,1 % of respondents didn’t have any formal ICT education while 59,5 % didn’t have any additional type of music education except during their studies. Nevertheless, the greatest knowledge participants have shown on the competencies for using digital tools (CFUDT) scale succeeded by a technological knowledge (TK) scale of the adapted TPACK-TCCMA survey, thus the respondents rated their digital and ICT competencies exceedingly high unlike music and pedagogical competencies. Considering the results obtained, it can be concluded that additional attention should be given to the development of digital, music, and pedagogical competencies during studies that will be applicable in both music and other areas of education.
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Статья научная
This research is a descriptive study in the survey model to determine the direct and indirect effects between visual perception, phonological awareness, and literacy errors. The design of the study is exploratory correlational design. 552 first-grade primary school students participated in the study. The data were collected using measurement tools named phonological awareness, visual perception, word-sentence writing/spelling, and reading errors. According to the findings, visual perception affects sentence writing/spelling both directly and through word-writing-reading errors. Visual perception affects reading errors both directly and through word-sentence writing errors. The results show that the development of prerequisite skills and reading are mediated by writing, writing/spelling are mediated by reading, and learning develops in a spiral manner. It can be said that children’s reading-writing/spelling errors increase because they have difficulty in converting from sound to the letter, from letter to sound, and in synthesizing and analyzing according to their initial level of phonological awareness and visual perception development.
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