International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing @ijem
Статьи журнала - International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing
Все статьи: 544
Self Learning Intelligent Controller of Electro hydraulic Actuator
Статья научная
The use of electro-hydraulic cylinders in industry has been becoming increasingly popular. A Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), which consists of the linguistic defined fuzzy sets and the control rules, is designed to control of the electro-hydraulic cylinder. Using the triangle shaped membership function; the position of the servo cylinder was successfully controlled. When the system working condition is altered, the control algorithm is shown to be more robust compared to the PID controller.
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Self-Stabilizing Spoon for Parkinson’s Ailment
Статья научная
There is a substantial increase in the number of people getting affected by Parkinson Disease at the current scenario. Hence there is a critical need of support to such patients, as engineers it is our duty to ensure their needs as fulfilled. This paper basically proposes few models and prototypes that would bring a ray of hope in the patient’s life. Here authors have proposed a supportive solution to this disorder. Basically our model uses a Nano board as the black box to which we provide the inputs and also we ensure the stabilizing in the form of tremor nullifying effect by using gyroscope, accelerometer and light weighted servo motors. In the present methodology self-stabilizing is done using servos using data provided to them by the gyro via a controller. Experimental analysis when carried out on different weight or object as an input on the spoon, designed model clearly depicts the decrease in the peak of tremor. The flexibility in the design basically refers to the all in one holder which is incorporated in the apex of the prototype, which aids the patient to not only use it is as a spoon, but also can be used to operate a key or any other objects by easily fitting it to the self-stabilizing device.
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Статья научная
Insufficient cuff pressure of tracheal tube (TT) increases the risk of secretions aspiration and consequent pulmonary infection, whereas high pressure may cause tracheal injury. It is very important to control cuff pressure at the optimal status for air care providers. Volume control ventilation (VCV) is often applied to verify the cuff pressure. We used different volumes of syringe as simulated trachea, selected Proterx 7.0 tube to do the intubation, and recorded the volume of air ventilated and the corresponding intracuff pressure. The result indicated that pressures increased intensively when air volumes surpassed certain values, which suggested VCV method was not appropriate to control the intracuff pressure, and pressure control ventilation might be the better choice. In that case, air care providers have to improve their ability to control pressure. Herein, we enrolled 80 residents into sensitivity training for pressure. Trainees were required to palpate the pilot balloons of 12 tubes (Portex7.0) with different intracuff pressure repeatedly to sense the pressure, 1 hour/ day for 3 days. Trainees who could arrange tubes in turn and control the intracuff pressure at optimal range (20-30cm H2O) during intubation in model were considered eligible, the rest were trained continuously till eligible. Inappropriate percent －The proportion of residents who could not control intracuff pressure appropriately － were recorded before training, after training, one month, three months and six months after training. The results indicated that the training method was effective to improve the ability of residents to control the intracuff pressure, the inappropriate percent increased gradually over time, the average intracuff pressure surpassed the optimal value at six months post-training, suggesting six months should be time point for retraining.
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Sentiment Analysis of Amazon Product Reviews Using Hybrid Rule-based Approach
Статья научная
In recent years, the retail market industry has taken a broad form to sell the products online and also to give the opportunity to customers to provide their valuable feedbacks, suggestions and recommendations. The opinion summarization and classification systems extract and identify a range of opinions about different online available products in a large text-based review set. This paper addresses and reviews the concepts of automatic identification of the sentiments expressed in the English text for Amazon and Flipkart products using Random Forest and K-Nearest Neighbor techniques. It presents a detailed comparative study of such existing sentiment analysis algorithms and methodologies on the basis of five key parameters. It results in evaluating their performance in terms of parameter usage and contributions. The paper also discusses their experimental results and challenges found. Therefore, this study shows the maximum usage of feature extraction, positive-negative sentiment, Amazon web source, mobile phone for a large set of reviews in the existing algorithms.
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Статья научная
This paper investigates the effect of forming techniques on the mechanical and dielectric properties of porcelain insulators. Insulators are used in electrical equipment to separate conductors and prevent the flow of electrical charges. Slip casting is commonly used because it is cheaper and easier, but its inferior strength properties have been reported. However, other forming techniques like press casting, which can compact particle sizes by applying pressure, may result in better mechanical strength and dielectric properties. The study examined slip-casting and press-casting methods to determine which method produces better-quality electrical porcelain insulators. Using both techniques, locally available raw materials such as kaolin, feldspar, silica, and ball clay were processed before being used to create samples. The mechanical and dielectric strength of the electrical porcelain insulators produced through slip and press cast methods were analyzed using an independent t-test to compare the mean value between the two variables (Slip and press cast). The study found that slip casting produces insulators with slightly lower bulk density than press casting, but the difference is not significant enough to affect the insulators' mechanical and dielectric properties. The results showed no significant difference in bulk densities between the two forming techniques, implying that both methods are equally viable for producing shackle-type electrical insulators. These findings provide valuable insights for manufacturers, allowing them to select the most suitable forming technique based on their specific production needs and constraints.
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Статья научная
Advances in semiconductor technology lead to the advancements in integrated circuits which have enhanced performance, reliability, cost effective, low power consumption, etc. To build a complex digital circuitry, millions of transistors are to be embedded onto a single chip to increase the performance and to improve the reliability of the electronic device. This paper aims at building of N-MOSFET, P-MOSFET, CMOS inverter and NAND gate using conventional SiO2 oxide layer and high k oxide layer each of 45nm, 32nm and 22nm technologies respectively and to determine the percentage reduction in power dissipation using high k oxide layer in each device. The above mentioned devices are built using an online Predictive Technology Model tool and H-Spice simulation software and the simulated results are compared.
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Simulation of Crop Evaportranspiration Based on BP Neural Network Model and Grey Relational Analysis
Статья научная
Crop evaportranspiration was studied with measured data of Kongque river irrigation district in Xinjiang Province based on application of BP neural networks, a sensitivity analysis about crop evaportranspiration was conducted according to each input factor by using default factor method, and the grey relational analysis method was applied to certify the results.The results showed that the artificial neural networks model could express quantitatively the response relationship between crop evaportranspiration and various factors with sufficient high accuracy. Soil moisture and solar radiation were the main sensitive factors for soil water-salt dynamic in this irrigation district, the interaction amongst various factors formed coupling relationship under the complicated condition. The grey relational analysis method could further verify the sensitivity degree amongst various factors. The combination of the above methods provides feasible method for analyzing the rules of crop water comsumption during crop growing season, and it is complement and perfection for the traditional research methods of crop evaportranspiration.
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Simulation of Eddy Current Separation of Gold Particles from Sands
Статья научная
The particles of gold can be reuse and recovered from electronics products and cards by sorting from many other metals or from sands. In mixtures of small gold spheres and sands have been sorted by an efficient method called eddy current separation able to separate the gold from a mixture of non ferrous particles. It's a mining sort and recycling industry. This study is based on the ejected force created by the eddy currents induced and the rotation of drum. These eddy currents create a opposing magnetic field to create magneto-dynamic repulsive force between permanent magnet of separator and gold particles, these last will be ejected in collector by gravity force.
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Single Component, Multiphase Fluids Flow Simulation in Porous Media with Lattice Boltzmann Method
Статья научная
In this paper, a single component, two-phase flow simulator is developed to investigate the behavior of isothermal two-phase fluid flow in porous media. The simulator is based on the lattice-Boltzmann method and the Shan–Chen multiphase model of nonideal fluids that allow coexistence of two phases of a single substance. We reproduce some different idealized situations in which the results are already known from theory or laboratory measurements and show the validity of the implementation for the physical two-phase flow in porous media. Application of the method to fluid intrusion in porous media is discussed and shows the effect of wettability on the fluid flow. The capability of reproducing critical flooding phenomena under strong wettability conditions is also proved.
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Skin Lesion Detection Using Fuzzy Approach and Classification with CNN
Статья научная
Skin lesion detection at early stage is very effective for patients. As a result, patients can get time for treatment. Moreover, this early detection helps a patient in the long-time survival. However, skin lesion detection from a dermoscopic images is not a general task. Due to inter and intra-observer variations in human interpretations, research on skin lesion detection from dermoscopic images become important. In this paper, we proposed a method to segment and detect lesion of skin from images. The proposed method is based on a set of rules of fuzzy logic approach. Firstly, a set of rules is applied on dermoscopic images. The output is then thresholded. Closing operation as a morphological tool is used on the thresholded image. Then area filtering takes a place which results in the desired output. With respect to different learning models, CNN shows better performance in classifying ISIC and Dermis-dermquest dataset. The system delivers a significant performance, which is remarkable and comparable.
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Smart Home Automation Using IOT and its Low Cost Implementation
Статья научная
The use of automation is emerging with the help of internet providing possibility of objects to work it-self. With recent advancements to the fast speed internet, IoT will be playing a vital role in our daily tasks in present and future. IoT is offering feasibility and effectiveness to the system that are based upon it. These modern technologies are creating comfort and standard way of living because of its time, energy and cost efficiency. In this modern world, where things are going to be on our finger tips, our daily household appliances will also be controlled with our smartphones. This will allow us to manage the usage smartly, and can help in building of an eco-friendly environment. This paper will conduct a study based on how household appliances may be automated smartly with software applications that are integrated with hardware board. It presents the complete architecture of the system with its working capabilities. Also, it explains the internal mechanism of the system which mainly considers the software application and hardware board interaction. As we know the smart home automation is a costly process, so in this paper we would be looking at its low-cost implementation.
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Smart Home Monitoring using Android and Wireless Sensors
Статья научная
Common electrical hazards that occur at home are usually associated with the usage of faulty home appliances and electrical distribution. Circuit breakers are normally used to protect overloading at residential homes. We envisage that by monitoring continuously the usage characteristics of electrical power at every power point in real time could be the best method for protection. Presently, wireless sensor network (WSN) has been used in home monitoring to optimally manage the ‘well-being’ of power distribution in home in order to minimize hazards caused by electrical faults. This technique incidentally helps controlling the tariff by maintaining the power usage optimally. It has also been found that not much study has yet been made towards the use of WSN for monitoring electrical power and the consequent hazards with a view to ensure the welfare of residents at home. Based on this idea, we have developed a real time WSN based Electrical Hazard monitoring system that also uses android mobile application environment. The android based smart home monitoring, christened as ABASH system the details of which we present in this paper, detects the threshold violation in electrical parameters and produces an appropriate alert signal for home owners to enable them to take proper remedial actions depending on the situation, much before the circuit breaker operates. The proposed system has been validated specifically for the Brunei Electric standard as a case study. The details are provided in the paper.
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Smart Lighting System Using LoRa WAN Technology
Статья научная
The augmentation of the populace and the addition of the street have expanded the no of the streetlamp, for the street and individual’s security, which builds the venture and energy. Lighting burns-through satisfactory measure of energy in both open-air and indoor. Anyway, various methodologies are being proposed for making the framework energy effective and updated with the most recent innovation. This exploration gives the exact and the best command over the energy proficient road lighting framework. It will give the functional execution utilizing LoRa and the Arduino just as the data utilizing different sensors. This exploration provides conservation of energy and with efficient monitoring of light as well as accident that happen in road due to less efficacy presences of light.
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Smart Vehicle Accident Prevention and Road Safety System with Real Time Data Acquisition
Статья научная
Smart Vehicle Accident Prevention System is an innovative solution aimed at enhancing road safety and reducing the occurrence of accidents. Leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, this system combines real-time data acquisition, analysis, and intelligent decision-making algorithms to provide an effective accident prevention mechanism. The Vehicle Accident Prevention System is a com-prehensive project that aims to enhance road safety by utilizing Arduino microcontrollers and various sensors, including an alcohol sensor, temperature sensor, IR sensor and ultrasonic sensor. This report provides a detailed overview of the system’s design, implementation, and functionality.
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Smartphone Controlled Spy Robot with Video Transmission and Object Collector
Статья научная
Android, an operating system developed by Google for smartphones, tablets and such type of touchscreen phones. Android app is a software running on Android platform. Typically an app is designed for specific purpose on Android platform such as smartphones and tablets. In this work a designing and implementing process of an Android based spy robot is described. An Android based application, RC Bluetooth controller is used to control in this spy robot. This robot can be controlled with the help an app of Android phones. Arduino based microcontroller is used for instruction processing and giving proper instructions. Bluetooth technology is used to interface between Arduino and Android. A hand for collecting and holding objects and a camera for live video steaming is used to observe any object & movement of robot. This robot can move to any place and perform smartly within Bluetooth network range.
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Software Evolution of Next.js and Angular
Статья научная
Software evolution is the process of updating a software from it’s initial phase incorporating updates taken from the users. E-type software takes feedback and requirements from the users and updates the software accordingly. In the 70’s, Lehman proposed some laws of software evolution, which are still considered as the standards of measuring software evolution. Now-a-days, E-type softwares are getting very popular as users now use softwares by giving feedback. We are measuring Lehman’s laws of software evolution for two E-type softwares, Next.js and Angular. By downloading the source codes from github repositories, we analysed the source codes and evaluated if the softwares follow Lehman’s Laws of Software Evolution or not. This analysis completes the research which aims at measuring if the softwares evolve by maintaining Lehman’s Laws.
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Статья научная
Rickshaw is the most common three wheeler in Bangladesh. Easy availability, less fare, openness in structure etc. have made this very popular vehicle for short distance travel purposes. Two types of Rickshaws are seen plying on the road, one is manual peddling type another is an electric motorized type which needs to be charged using electricity from the national grid. Each type possess its own disadvantages. The first one need to be pulled by a man, which can be very hard & laborious for the pullers. The second one needs electricity for charging purposes which is a burden on the national grid. In this paper, we tried to represent a new model of Rickshaw by mitigating the disadvantages of both types. The features, working mechanisms, structure, components etc. of the Solar Powered Rickshaw is discussed briefly with the necessary figures in this paper. The main objective of this paper is to relieve Rickshaw pullers from this kind of laborious job by using Solar Power Rickshaw (SPR) and help improving the power crisis in Bangladesh.
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Speaker Diarization Using Bi-LSTM and Spectral Clustering
Статья научная
Speaker diarization is the ability to compare, recognize, comprehend and segregate different sound waves on the basis of the identity of the speaker. This work aims to accomplish this process by segmenting, embedding and clustering the extracted features from the speech sample. In this work, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) are extracted and fed into Bi-Directional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) model for segmentation. Then d- vectors are extracted using pre-trained models from pyannote libraries. Spectral Clustering is used to group and segregate the audio of one speaker from another. The experimentation is carried out on two speaker speech audio files and the results indicate that the diarization is successful. The diarization error rate of 9.4% for a 2-speaker audio file is the lowest DER achieved for the given data set. This indicates the efficiency of the system and also justifies the combination of methods chosen at each step. By considering such exciting technical trends, we believe the work presented in the paper represents a valuable contribution for the community by providing the recent developments using Bi-LSTM and spectral clustering methods, which enables the future development towards speaker diarization.
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Spiral flows at the cardiovascular system as the experimental base of new cardiac-gadgets design
Статья научная
The results of studies of the functional mechanodynamics of the arteries of the cardiovascular system are presented. Methods of mathematical neural computer modeling, developed by the authors, were reproduced the features of blood flow in statics and dynamics, taking into account the spiral laying of vessels smooth muscle with the transfer of its relief through a thin endothelial membrane lining the inner surface. It is shown that the the nature of the blood flow significantly differs with the both quantitative and qualitative characteristics from the blood flow without regard to the spiral endothelial relief repeating helical laying of smooth shell. The developed methods of neurocomputer modeling allow reconstruct and detect events to recreate the picture of the functioning of living bio tissue. Based on the obtained results and neural networks modeling, a new paradigm for the design of implantable cardiac-gadgets purposed.
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Stability Analysis of Slope Based on Finite Element Method
Статья научная
Based on the finite element software as calculation tool, Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion and Drucker-Prager yield criterion were converted to equivalent area circle yield criterion, the elastic-plastic large deformation finite element method (FEM) was adopted, at the same time strength reduction technology combined with convergence criterion, catastrophe criterion and plastic zone penetrability criterion was used, and the problem of 2-D slope stability was analysed. Then based on finite element reduction strength method and three criterions, the homogeneous slope safety factors were calculated. The results showed that equivalent area circle D - P yield criterion was suitable for slope stability analysis and that strength reduction technology could be applied in simple homogeneous side slope stability analysis.
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