Статьи журнала - International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing
Все статьи: 484
Performance Analysis of Image Processing Algorithms using Matlab for Biomedical Applications
Статья научная
Image processing is used in every sphere of life such as agriculture, remote sensing, wireless, medical etc. Bi-omedical imaging plays a vital role in the detection of diseases. Without image processing, it is not possible to detect diseases such as cancer, tumors etc. Medical equipment such as ultrasound, MRI, CT scan machine is totally dependent on image processing algorithms. Radiologists utilize these image processing algorithms to detect diseases and abnormalities. Matlab is a proprietary tool which is used by image architects in order to design these algorithms. Image processing algorithms designed using Matlab provides efficiency, accuracy, flexibility and timing constraints. The present paper addresses various image processing algorithms designed using Matlab. The performance of these algorithms is also analyzed visually as well as statistically in order to check the quality of images.
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Статья научная
This paper proposes a new MATLAB built-in function, mathematical and simulink models, all to be simultaneously simple, user–friendly and to be used to face the two top challenges in developing mechatronic motion control systems, particularly, the early identifying system level problems and ensuring that all design requirements are met, as well as, to simplify and accelerate Mechatronics motion control design process including; performance analysis and verification of a given electric DC system, proper controller selection and verification for desired output speed or angle. The proposed models and function are intended for research purposes, application in educational process, and to be used by the mechatronics students and engineers for selection, design and verification purposes.
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Performance Study on the System of Real-Time VBR Service with Shared Cache
Статья научная
In this paper, we study a system that adopts complete sharing admission policy to multiple broadband real-time variable bit rate (VBR) service sharing a common buffer or cache. Under joint connection-level and packet-level analysis, we utilize shared cache queue model with multiple ON-OFF sources to analyze the probability distribution of the number of packets and then obtain the formulas of calculating packet loss rate and average delay. Through numerical calculation, the results compared with the non-caching system indicate that the packet loss rate has decreased, but the average delay has increased. Taking into account the delay sensitive nature of real-time VBR service, this paper puts forward a call admission control (CAC) algorithm that gives consideration to both packet-level performance parameters and connection-level performance parameters. The algorithm optimizes the average delay of the system with constraints on call blocking probabilities for each kind of VBR service and a common packet loss rate for all services. Numerical examples exhibit the nature of such systems.
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Performance optimization of codec in VOIP using Raspberry Pi
Статья научная
This paper aims in design and implementation of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) system with a high compression rate. The system uses a Raspberry Pi B+ ARM 11 microcontroller which is faster in processing the audio signal by means of CODEC2 software. An Audio Adapter (CM-108 or 109) is interfaced with the Raspberry Pi, which acts as a bridge in providing the processed voice signal to Raspberry Pi in its required PCM format. The setup is implemented in Local Area Network (LAN) in which the data transmission occurs. During the transmission of the data, the wireshark software was used to analyze the data in the network. A detailed analysis of the comparison results of different CODECs for compression rate and the estimated frame sizes are given. From the results, it is proved that the use of CODEC2 is an efficient system for VoIP. For secure communication, the AES encryption protocol with static private key was implemented. The 3.2Kbps compression technique is suitable for VoIP system as it has high compression rate and less delay compared to the other systems.
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Perspective directions of development of innovative structures on the basis of modern technologies
Статья научная
The article analyzes the need to create innovative manufacturing enterprises in modern conditions, and justifies their role in the development of society. The principles, priorities and strategic requirements to the innovative manufacturing enterprises in the process of economic development are analyzed. International, regional and local recommendations for the formation of innovative enterprises structures are generalized. Perspective applications of components of the fourth industrial revolution are considered. Ways of improving the innovation infrastructure and environment are examined from the scientific and theoretical and methodological point of view. Priorities, mechanisms, elements of communication, the parameters and criteria for the management of innovative manufacturing enterprises structures are identified.
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Positive Crankcase Ventilation System
Статья научная
In this paper, we have studied the traditional Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) valve equipment. Then we have improved the system by adding ventilation equipment. We have applied this kind of connection equipment on gas engine which has no PCV. This can determine the engine fuel-air ratio and make the engine get the best power performance, economical efficiency and emission behavior. Because emission amount is based on input air amount, so how to control the input air amount is the basis of the whole system. On the basis of traditional inlet manifold MVEM, we have considered the affection of PCV system, and we have simulated the actual input air process by getting improved module’s input air amount and inlet manifold pressure parameters. So the fuel-air ratio precision can be increased greatly. We also have prompted some improving directions about traditional inlet manifold. So we can ensure that engine can get a compact structure and good response on the all operation states.
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Статья научная
A model of post-craniectomy intracranial pressure dynamics is proposed in this article. Defining the craniectomy distensible volume the original Monro-Kellie principle is generalized. A craniectomy compartment is added to traditional intracranial system including blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and brain parenchyma. The system equation of generalized Monro-Kellie principle is solved with 4th order runge-kutta method. Volume of the new compartment is calculated with deflection solution. The model verifies that abnormal morphology of intracranial pressure (systolic value-21mmHg and diastolic value-13mmHg) in hypertension can be reduced to a normal range (systolic value-14.5mmHg and diastolic value-13mmHg) with decompressive craniectomy. Additionally the ICP-DC Size curve provides an effective interval (about 80-200 square centimeters) of craniectomy size for practice of decompressive craniectomy.
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Power-Time Efficient Hybrid Adder Design Based on LP with Optimal Bit-Width Generation
Статья научная
This paper presents a systematic method for a hybrid adder design through allocating the optimal bit-widths and types of classical adders constituting a hybrid adder. The proposed optimization scheme considers two aspects design delay and power. It is based on a mathematical modeling of the proposed hybrid adder architecture following the principle of LP (Linear Programming). Two models, delay optimization under power constraint and power optimization under delay constraint, are introduced. Various experiments are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed design scheme. The results indicate that the proposed scheme successfully allocates simultaneously and in a systematic way the optimal bit-widths of the sub-adders constituting a hybrid adder; providing an improvement in (power x delay) performance reaching 71.6%. The results obtained also indicate that the proposed design scheme introduces a high flexibility in making a compromise between delay and power of the adder design.
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Prediction of Protein Subcellular Localization Using EDA based Ensemble Classifiers
Статья научная
The function of protein is closely correlated with its subcellular locations. New composed proteins can perform normal biological function only after they are translocated to correct subcellular locations. In this paper, a new selective ensemble classifiers based on EDA algorithm has been proposed. In the method, pseudo amino acid composition was firstly applied to form the protein feature sets, then 10 neural networks is generated to learn the subsets which are re-sampling from feature subsets with PSO algorithm. At last, appropriate classifiers are selected to construct the prediction committee with EDA algorithm. Experiment shows that the proposed method produces the best prediction accuracy than the other methods on SNL6 database.
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Present Situation of Tech Startups in Bangladesh: A Case Study
Статья научная
In contemporary times startup is a very popular and growing entity, especially for the software industry as the technology field continues to grow. However, the failure rate of software startups is extremely high, and many reasons are behind this failure. There are many different variables behind the success or failure of a company. The purpose of this study is to mainly identify the possible reasons behind why the startups can’t reach the promise they are presumed to reach. To identify the reasons, company and employees of the company data were collected and analyzed using sentiment analysis and statistical correlation. Based on the analysis, some constructive suggestions were proposed accordingly. The discussion will enable the company employees and employers to bring out a transparent relation to ensure productive and satisfactory work environment. All the collected data for the study and the codes that were used to analyses the findings are attached below [28].
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Статья научная
The Detection of rare variants responsible for human complex diseases has been receiving more and more attentions. However, most existing computational methods for this purpose require the selection of functional variants before statistical analysis. Based on the assumption that nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymor-phisms (nsSNPs) associated with specific diseases should be similar in their properties, we propose a method that utilize conservation scores of nsSNPs and the guilt-by-association principle to prioritize the candi-date nsSNPs for specific diseases. Systematic validation demonstrates that our approach is effective in recovering the relationship between nsSNPs and diseases, with the Manhattan distance measure achieving the most pre-cise prediction results.
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Proactive Security of E-business
Статья научная
After giving a brief statement to the theory of proactive security, based on the differences between passive defense and proactive security, the article describes the main idea about the proactive security theory of e-business network from aspects of network environment, security technology and service, network management. At the same time it analyses the barriers existing in the actual use of proactive security in e-business network.
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Статья научная
Friction welding is a solid state joining process the joints are formed by utilizing the heat generated by friction. This paper discusses the importance of impact toughness in friction welded components and the effect of various process parameters on impact toughness. The process parameters considered in this research work are friction force, Forge force, rotational speed and burn-off length for the 15CDV6 alloy steel and the Impact toughness is optimized to establish the weld quality using the Taguchi experimental design technique with an orthogonal array of L9, ANOVA. The effects of process parameters are discussed in detail based on the values obtained in the ANOVA and micro structural observations.
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Process and Development of Electrical Porcelain Insulator Using Edo State, Nigerian Raw Materials
Статья научная
Ceramic products produced depend not only on the over-all chemical composition but also on the individual compositions, its crystalline structures and particles sizes of the raw materials. It has also been revealed that the appropriateness of particle size of materials used and the crystalline formation is much desired in the production of high strength electrical porcelain insulator. There is virtually no study conducted locally in Nigeria reviewed by the author at the point of compiling this study gave credence to particle sizes of materials as a considerable factor in producing their porcelain insulator. However, the dielectric and mechanical properties of the electrical porcelain insulators produced still need to be improved upon in order to produce high strength electrical porcelain insulators. The study therefore experiments by varying particle sizes 75µm, 150µm, and 300µm at developing electrical porcelain insulator with quality mechanical and dielectric strength using locally sourced raw materials. The raw materials were mixed by adopting two varied formulations from previous study, while slip cast techniques was employed in producing test samples sintered at 1200oC at the rate of 5 oC per minute. The physio-mechanical properties and dielectric strength of the samples were carried out in accordance to American Standard for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C20-00, and ATSM D116 standards. Sample A1S of 75 µm particle size is the most acceptable of all the sample that met the required physio-mechanical and dielectric strength properties. However, this study suggests that 150µm particle sizes as a starting powder for production of electrical porcelain Insulator could also be used since its cost of processing is not much unlike 75 µm particle size and could easily be achieved locally in Nigeria.
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Production of refractory porcelain crucibles from local ceramic raw materials using slip casting
Статья научная
The vast need for refractories in Nigeria makes it imperative to domesticate its production in the country in order to reduce over-reliance on their importation. In this research, refractory porcelain crucibles were produced from indigenous ceramic raw materials from Ikere Ekiti and Awo (locations in South Western, Nigeria). Chemical analysis was carried out on the raw materials using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (XRF) to determine their chemical compositions. Five body compositions, labeled as samples A-E were formulated and the crucibles were produced using slip casting. They were dried and fired in a gas kiln up to 13000C for 6 hours. The result of the standard tests carried out on the locally produced porcelain crucibles showed total shrinkage of 10%-15%, water absorption of 0.36%-0.72%, compressive strength of 1.43N/mm2-1.65 N/mm2 and refractoriness of 1680.20C-1717.50C. The result showed that ceramic raw materials sourced from the selected deposits in South Western Nigeria are suitable for the production of porcelain crucibles with good refractory properties.
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Pulmonary Parenchyma Segmentation by Watershed Transform
Статья научная
Lung cancer has become one of the leading causes of death in the world. Clear evidence shows that early discovery, early diagnosis and early treatment of lung cancer can significantly increase the chance of survival for patients. Lung Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) is a potential method to accomplish a range of quantitative tasks such as early cancer and disease detection, In computer-aided diagnosis of lung disease, accurate and fast pulmonary parenchyma segmentation is the core step. Watershed algorithm is used in this paper to segment and extract lung parenchyma. To reduce over-segmentation, an improved watershed segmentation method which marks foreground and background is proposed. This method is based on watershed algorithm using “Sobel” operator on edge detection and then using mathematical morphology opening and closing operations and morphological reconstruction to mark the foreground. Extracting the local maximum associated with object will constitute the binary marker image. By testing different types of images, it proposes that the algorithm in this paper can be consistent with human visual characteristics and get more accurate, continuous object boundary. Compared with other watershed improvement methods, this proposed one requires less computational complexity, more simple parameters, and can effectively reduce over-segmentation.
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Quality Analysis for Different Video Formats by Using Video Watermarking
Статья научная
In this paper, our main motive to compare different video formats and also analyze what will be the effect on quality when we embed same watermark in different type of formats such as .avi (colored and uncompressed video format), mp4(colored and compressed video format) & grey color image using discrete wavelet transform & singular value decompositions techniques. In research work, HH bands are used to embed the watermark into video because this band are less sensitive to human eyes and not easily detected or captured by human visual system. It also helps to improve the quality of video. The analysis is done on the basis of quality metrics such as PSNR, BER & MSE for different format video clips.
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Quality Analysis of Ash from Lignite Coal and its Utilization at Thar Power Plant
Статья научная
Billion of tonnes lignite coal is deposited under the surface of Tharparkar zone had been started utilizing in its own mine mouth power plant. Tharparkar is rich in coal resource and have the potential to energize the Pakistan for at least 200 year with the deposited coal fuel of 175 Billion of tonnes. Thar coal further divided into 13 blocks; Block II (have 1% of 175 Billion of tonnes of coal has the capability of produce 5000 MW for 50 years) had just set its 2 units which is capable for 2x330 MW with coal consumption of 560 tons/hour. With the time, the increase in thermal power plant will results in increasing problems with the disposal of solid residues from combustion and off gas cleaning (Bottom ash and Fly ash). The properties of as fired coal is analyzed i.e, volatile matter, sulfur and nitrogen contents and solid residues from combustion and off gas cleaning (Bottom & Fly Ash) and it’s found that as fired coal consists of 12% ash which is 5% greater than ash of design coal that is 7% and ranges from 4-12%. Large amount of ash produced by as fired coal reaches the almost upper range of ash in designed coal and yet it’s not utilized or recycled, according to analysis it can be utilized in various forms i.e. CLC block, cements, road construction and agriculture, if it is not recycled in future then it will create bad impact to the environment like environment pollution, health concern to the human and wildlife and contaminant the under-ground water.
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Quantitative Economic Analysis of the Industrial Structure of Coastal City of Shandong Province
Статья научная
Based on shift-share method, the author analyses the industrial structure benefit of coastal city of Shandong since 1990. Results indicate that the industrial structure of coastal city of Shandong is not rational in different degree, which results in slow-moving of the economic growth. The industrial structure of Yantai, weihai, rizhao are in lower level, in particular tertiary industry, so it cannot provide much-needed supporting services for rapid development of the second industry. The proportion of the first industry in the economy is extremely large in rizhao, it can't adapt to the new period of industrial structure development trend. Therefore, continual adjustment, optimization of the economic structure and improvement of the industrial quality are needed so as to promote the coordinated and rapid development of economy.
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Reach Enhanced Is-OWC System using Double Sideband Suppressed (DSS) DP-QPSK
Статья научная
Insophisticated situations coming from developing multimedia applications and the exponential increase in the number of smart sensors and devices, future wireless networks will ensure high reliability, low latency, scalability, as well as better quality-of-service.Optical wireless communication (OWC) becomes more important because it can take advantage of the light medium's unique selling points over RF, such as immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), ultra-high capacity, the ability to communicate wirelessly through water, and the ability to provide additional security. Dual polarization (DP) enabled multilevel modulations in inter satellite optical wireless communication (Is-OWC) are potential and capacity building techniques to cope up with bandwidth explosive demands. Therefore, inthis work, a reach enhanced single channel Is-OWC is proposed using Double Sideband Suppressed (DSS) dual polarized (DP) Quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation. Spectral efficiency of carrier is improved through DSS technique using Mach-Zehndar modulator (MZM) and millimeter wave (mm- wave). Further, pulse width reduction, nonlinear effects suppression, carrier phase estimation (CPE) and frequency offset estimation (FPE) is performed by Digital signal processor (DSP) in coherent receiver of PDM-QPSK. Performance comparison of DP-QPSK and DSS-DP-QPSK is performed at different link lengths in terms of log BER and error vector magnitude (EVM%). Results revealed that proposed system i.e., DSS-DP-QPSK at 160 Gbps data rate covers 44,000 km Is-OWC distance with acceptable log BER as compared to 40,000 km in DP-QPSK due to improved spectral efficiency of carrier spectrum of proposed system.
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