International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science @ijmecs
Статьи журнала - International Journal of Modern Education and Computer Science
Все статьи: 1080
Evolution and Future Generation of TV
Статья научная
No other electronic media has created as much mass impact as the TV. TV is both a personal as well as family/community device which makes it reach a large population. Obviously the immense popularity of TV has resulted in an unprecedented growth of TV viewing as well as technology. From the simple TV today one can have a smart TV with varying features satisfying all sections of society. The TV technology has grown in all aspects namely the TV studio technology, the TV transmitter & broadcast technology and the TV receiving device technology. Not only have the TV signals been converted from analog to digital, today one has high definition TV, the IPTV, the mobile TV and the 3D TV commercially available. It is very interesting and important to trace the evolution of TV technology from its basic form as in 1930s to date and to visualize their technical features at various stages of developments. This paper gives an overview of the developments in TV technology highlighting their important features.
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Examining Chen and Starosta's Model of Intercultural Sensitivity in the Taiwanese Cultural Context
Статья научная
The main purpose of this study was to empirically examine Chen and Starosta's Model of Intercultural Sensitivity and reproduce a valid scale in the Taiwanese cultural context, using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results indicated that Chen and Starosta's five-factor model of intercultural sensitivity (IS) did not fit the Taiwanese cultural context. Instead, a four-factor model of IS was created using an exploratory factor analysis. The four factors were based on the 13 items of 24-item Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS) formulated by Chen and Starosta. The reliability coefficient was .801, demonstrating high internal consistency. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed again to determine the construct validity of the alternative model of IS. Since cultural differences may influence the factor structure of a test, using both EFA and CFA can methodologically provide a meaningful explanation for replication studies. This study proposes an alternative model of the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale that is a better fit with Taiwanese culture by reinterpreting Chen and Starosta's ISS.
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Examining Mindfulness in Education
Статья научная
Despite the availability of numerous learning opportunities ranging from face-to-face to computer-based learning, there is need for better understanding of how to support the development of cognitive skills in students. Research has shown that cultivation of mindfulness skills help to develop cognitive skills such as retention, thinking, problem solving, and emotional balance. However, there is only limited research on the effect of mindfulness training in educational settings. We examined cognitive abilities of university students as identified in Bloom's taxonomy and mindfulness skills during a single traditional face-to-face class room session. We hypothesized that mindfulness is a specific cognitive ability that supports the development of other cognitive skills. This pilot study included 148 students from undergraduate and postgraduate programs at two universities in Sri Lanka. The study assessed cognitive abilities, including retention, thinking, out-of-the-box thinking, note-taking and mindfulness at the end of a one-hour lecture. The results showed that students' self-reported mindfulness following a lecture was significantly lower than other cognitive abilities. These results suggest conducting a more formal controlled experiment to investigate the effect of mindfulness training in education.
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Статья научная
Indigenous Knowledge (IK), can be preserved using Information Systems in order to protect cultural heritage and disseminate local knowledge for development. This knowledge often passed on orally for generations has become significant in searching for answers to several world's critical problems, are at risk of becoming extinct. This "traditional wisdom" is highly useful in solving complex problems of health, agriculture, education, use of natural resources and the environment. The main challenges of IK are inadequate documentation and diminishing transmission channels. Both descriptive and quantitative methods are used in this study that focuses on highlighting the importance of indigenous knowledge in the sustainable development process and illustrating ways in which technology can be used to preserve it, thereby enriching the development process from a holistic perspective. This research strengthens the preservation of local IK, enhances its adoption in the formal educational settings, leads to improvement in scientific knowledge development and inspire sustainable community development using a holistic approach.
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Experiences from Video Lectures in Software Engineering Education
Статья научная
Millennials have learned to seek information from the Internet whenever they need to know something and want to learn things. In this study, we present observations from several university courses with freely available online resources for the modern students. Ten different courses with video lectures were observed, often with positive outcomes and improved results compared to the previous course arrangements. Additionally, unlike in some previous literature, we observed that some issues such as the video length did not have a meaningful impact on the learning outcomes. Overall, the results indicate that videos offer excellent benefit-effort-ratio, and are an efficient way to reach the target audience: the students.
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Experimental Analysis of SPF Based Secure Web Application
Статья научная
In this paper we will propose model driven software development and Security Performance Framework (SPF) Model to maintain the balance between security and performance for web applications. We propose that all security in a Trusted Operating System is not necessary. Some non-essential security checks can be skipped to increase system performance. These non essential security checks can be identified in any web application. For implementation of this Security Performance framework based trusted operating system, we propose object oriented based Code generation through forward engineering. This involves generating source code of web application from one or more Object oriented Rational Rose model. The novel integration of security engineering with model-driven software expansion approach has varied advantages. To maintain security in various applications like Ecommerce, Banking, Marketplace services, Advertising, Auctions, Comparison shopping, Mobile commerce Payment, Ticketing, Online insurance policy management, we have to use high secured operating systems. In this regard a number of trusted operating systems like Argus, Trusted Solaris, and Virtual Vault have been developed by various companies to handle the increasing need of security. Due to high security reason these operating systems are being used in defense. But still these secure operating systems have limited scope in commercial sector due to lower performance; actually this security will come at a cost. This paper analyzes UML-based software development solutions for SPF to manage the security, performance and modeling for web applications.
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Explainable Fake News Detection Based on BERT and SHAP Applied to COVID-19
Статья научная
Fake news detection has become a significant research top in natural language processing. Since the outbreak of the covid-19 epidemic, a large amount of fake news about covid-19 has spread on social media, making the detection of fake news a challenging task. Applying deep learning models may improve predictions. However, their lack of explainability poses a challenge to their widespread adoption and use in practical applications. This work aims to design a deep learning framework for accurate and explainable prediction of covid-19 fake news. First, we choose BiLSTM as the base model and improve the classification performance of the BiLSTM model by incorporating BERT-based distillation. Then, a post-hoc interpretation method SHAP is used to explain the classification results of the model to improve the transparency of the model and increase people's confidence in the practical application. Finally, utilizing visual interpretation methods, such as significance plots, to analyze specific sample classification results for gaining insights into the key terms that influence the model’s decisions. Ablation experiments demonstrated the reliability of the explainable method.
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Explicit Instruction-based Methodology for Teaching Introductory Computer Programming
Статья научная
Non-computing students often encounter greater challenges in programming courses compared to their computing counterparts, primarily stemming from a lack of motivation in the subject. Motivation plays a pivotal role in the success of introductory programming (IP) modules, with intrinsically and extrinsically motivated students exhibiting greater enjoyment and engagement in learning activities. While numerous studies have attempted to enhance motivation in IP modules, most have focused on computing students which is influenced lar gely by the constructivist theory. This paper addresses this gap by proposing a cognitive-based teaching framework aimed at bolstering motivation among non-computing students. The proposed approach employs the Explicit Instruction paradigm, where the instructor first designs learning strategies and provides students with detailed explanations, demonstrations, examples, and non-examples. This enables the students to apply the strategies in groups, practice with feedback, and finally individually. The effectiveness of this approach was assessed using first-year students at two universities, one in South Africa and the other in Cameroon. We collected student motivation data using a quantitative questionnaire post-experiment. The results indicate that the proposed teaching method had a positive impact on participant motivation in terms of attendance, perceived relevance, confidence, and satisfaction. However, the specific degree of improvement varied among the participants.
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Exploring Holistic Well-Being: EDA and a Comparative ML Approach to Work-Life Balance
Статья научная
This research focuses on lifestyle and work-life balance, examining how different dynamics can influence holistic wellbeing, which focuses on the current literature to develop a framework that extends beyond standard well-being concepts. The work aims to enrich the discourse on holistic well-being by synthesizing existing knowledge and exploring new knowledge, providing valuable views for individuals and age groups involved in professionals striving to develop a more balanced and meaningful life. The study utilizes AI-driven methods and machine learning algorithms to analyse work-life indices to understand patterns and correlations that contribute or hinder work-life harmony. The findings highlight the importance of lifestyle choices, social connections, and personal fulfilment in achieving holistic wellness. The research provides evidence-based insights and practical recommendations to develop a healthy lifestyle and work-life balance. The study also examines the ethical implications of AI and highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to work-life balance. The study utilizes supervised learning algorithms and a comparative analysis of the accuracy scores of various algorithms, revealing significant differences in classification and more accuracy for the work-life balance score. The study aims to uncover insights beyond the typical contrasts and illuminate the interrelationship between numerous factors affecting an individual's well-being.
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Статья научная
A group of researchers and developers from Colombia and Mexico have recognised that the development of state-of-the-art Extended Reality software, a key technology for the Metaverse, has great potential to improve teaching-learning processes in educational institutions. However, the development process does not take into account accessibility, universal design and inclusion, especially for the deaf student community. An extended reality model is proposed for the creation of this type of software as a tool to support access to knowledge, based on information gathering, requirements analysis, user-centred design and video game programming, including the ludic and didactic. The aim is to minimise the barriers that limit the learning of programming logic by students with hearing disabilities through the use of new technologies, creating spaces in virtual worlds that are understandable, usable and practical in conditions of safety, comfort and as much autonomy as possible. To validate the model, a mixed reality software prototype was designed and programmed to train students in programming logic, both deaf and hearing. User and heuristic tests were carried out, showing how immersion can improve knowledge acquisition processes and develop skills in higher education students.
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Extending the SOLO Model for Software-Based Projects
Статья научная
In the process of assessing learning outcomes, educators use constructive tools for evaluating students' understanding and performance. In the present study MIS students were engaged in a full life cycle project as part of a Software Analysis and Design workshop. For evaluating their performance, we used the SOLO (Structure of the Observed Learning Outcomes) taxonomy. However during the various stages of the workshop we encountered some inherent limitations of the taxonomy that led us to the understanding that the SOLO taxonomy should be enhanced. This paper elaborates on these missing but required enhancements.
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Extractive Text Summarization Using Modified Weighing and Sentence Symmetric Feature Methods
Статья научная
Text Summarization is a process that converts the original text into summarized form without changing the meaning of its contents. It finds its usefulness in many areas when the time to go through a large content is limited. This paper presents a comparative evaluation of statistical methods in extractive text summarization. Top score method is taken to be the bench mark for evaluation. Modified weighing method and modified sentence symmetric feature method are implemented with additional characteristic features to achieve a better performance than the benchmark method. Thematic weight and emphasize weights are added to conventional weighing method and the process of weight updation in sentence symmetric method is also modified in this paper. After evaluating these three methods using the standard measures, modified weighing method is identified as the best method with 80% efficiency.
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FPGA Based Pipelined Parallel Architecture for Fuzzy Logic Controller
Статья научная
This paper presents a high-speed VLSI fuzzy inference processor for the real-time applications using trapezoid-shaped membership functions. Analysis shows that the matching degree between two trapezoid-shaped membership functions can be obtained without traversing all the elements in the universal disclosure set of all possible conditions. A FPGA based pipelined parallel VLSI architecture has been proposed to take advantage of this basic idea, implemented on CycloneII-EP2C70F896C8. The controller is capable of processing fuzzified input. The proposed controller is designed for 2-input 1-output with maximum clock rate is 12.96 MHz and 275.33 MHz for 16 and 8 rules respectively. Thus, the inference speed is 0.81 and 34.41 MFLIPS for 16 and 8 rules, respectively.
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Face Recognition in Multi Camera Network with Sh Feature
Статья научная
Multi view face recognition using multiple camera networks is an active research area. The main aim of this paper is to handle different pose variations in multi camera network and recognizing face from those videos. The traditional approaches handle the pose estimation explicitly ,the proposed work will handle the multiple views of the poses .For a given set of multi view video sequences we use particle filter to track the 3D location of the head. The texture map is generated by back projecting the multi view video. The proposed work is developed using the Spherical Harmonic (SH) representation of the face from the texture mapped on to the sphere. A robust feature is constructed based on the properties of SH projection.
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Статья научная
The aim of this study is to investigate higher-education student's attitude toward the use of Facebook, as one of the social media tool, to enhance their education. This study was conducted on college students at one of the Jordanian higher educational institution. The number of participants of this study was forty five students who were enrolled in Computer Educational course. This course is either a graduation requirement for all elementary education major students or as an elective course for other student's non-computer majors. We noticed that each student has created a Facebook Page to use for the class purposes and other page(s) for their own personal needs. The result of the study showed that the Facebook site is a useful tool to deliver course materials and support learning. Students have showed their acceptance of this media to communicate with others and to find course materials and references. Most participants felt motivated and enjoyed going through the course when using the Facebook site.
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Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Motivation and Intention of University Students in Hanoi, Vietnam
Статья научная
Entrepreneurship is the key driver of economic progress in many countries; thus, many countries have introduced policies to promote a more entrepreneurial environment. This study assesses the impact of factors affecting entrepreneurial intention of university students. The data was collected through a survey of 341 students at 09 leading universities in Hanoi, Vietnam and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with SPSS and Amos software. The research results show that entrepreneurial skills, entrepreneurial environment and subjective norms either directly or indirectly affect business motivation and entrepreneurial intention of university students. Thus, it is suggested that university and other educational institutions should provide more activities and taught courses that help students acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for entrepreneurship.
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Factors Affecting Failing the Programming Skill Examination of Computing Students
Статья научная
This descriptive study utilized a validated instrument to determine the factors that affect failing a programming skill examination. Through this finding, the study attempted to provide solutions to address the concerns of the students. The top three reasons why students failed the programming skill examination were the insufficient time dedicated to programming courses, self-inefficacy in programming, and unmatched question-time allotment. Overall, respondents attributed their failed mark in programming skill examination to question-related factors. This was confirmed through the use of regression analysis. Hence, it was concluded that students failed the programming skill examination because the perceived ability of the students in the programming skill examination did not correspond with the degree of difficulty of the programming skill examination questions. Further, the null hypothesis stating that student-related concerns do not predict the number of times the programming skill examination would be taken was partially rejected. Hence, it was recommended that the programming skill examination questions be calibrated based on the ability of the students. Future research directions were also presented.
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Статья научная
Through the Blended Learning model, this study explores the factors affecting fostering of information and communications technology (ICT) applications in teaching for teachers in the Northern midland and mountainous provinces of Vietnam. The survey is designed to be uploaded to the Learning Management System (LMS) system and requires learners to answer online after completing the course. Influential factors are considered, including 9 groups formed from 45 questions (independent variables). The independent variables are evaluated based on the 5-level Likert score bar. This study uses Cronbach's alpha to determine the reliability of the questions. The survey received responses from 1484 teachers who completed the course in the northern midland and mountainous provinces. After removing the answers with no statistical significance, the remaining samples included in the analysis through SPSS software were 558. The results of the EFA analysis retain 29 observed variables and indicate 7 factors affecting the fostering of ICT application in teaching for teachers. Next, using CFA (Confirmatory Factor Analysis), the study removed 02 more observed variables and pointed out 7 factors affecting the effectiveness of fostering information technology application in teaching for teachers, includes (i) Training methods; (ii) Organization of training courses; (iii) Online learning management system; (iv) Facilities for face-to-face learning; (v) Training content; (vi) Training objectives; (vii) Impact of training content. The results will help researchers and educational administrators find ways to improve the quality of professional development for teachers in high schools in this content and other similar contents.
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Статья научная
The Malaysian university students faced various obstacles and had unmet needs when it is no longer an option to carry out virtual learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. These challenges faced by students call into question their actual use behaviour and true acceptance of the virtual learning environment (VLE). Thus, this study investigated the students’ actual use behaviour of VLEs, the factors that influence the actual use behaviour, the moderating effect of network connectivity on this relationship, and challenges faced by students while using this technology. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Unified Theory Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) model were used as the theoretical basis of this study. An online survey was conducted among the International Medical University (IMU) students. The finding surmised that most of the students have adopted the VLE during the pandemic. The findings further revealed that factors such as hedonic motivation, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use positively affect actual use behaviour, while network connectivity has no significant moderating effect on the relationship between the dimensions of the VLE and actual use behaviour. The key challenges include high cost associated with the VLE usage, and the students find the VLE is not entertaining or enjoyable. These results indicate that students will be inclined to accept the technology if there is high hedonic motivation, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use. Universities should focus on enhancing these factors to increase the acceptance of this technology among students, as VLEs have untapped potential for distance learning.
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Статья научная
The application of Information and Communication Technology which is shaping and changing the world socially, educationally and economically cannot be over emphasized. In view of that, this paper looks at the factors militating against successful implementation of computer studies in 9-year Universal Basic Education (UBE) programmes. Five UBE schools were randomly selected for the research. Two research questions were postulated to guide the conduct of the research and t-test analysis was used for testing the hypotheses. The findings showed that there is positive perception by the students on factors militating against successful implementation of 9-year UBE programme. Based on the findings, some recommendations were made: provision of qualified teachers, instructional materials, provision of laboratories and so on in order to improve and ensure effective and efficient implementation of the 9-year Universal Basic (UBE) programme.
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