Статьи журнала - Пространство, время и фундаментальные взаимодействия

Все статьи: 278

Non-vanishing cosmological constant effect in super-Poincare-invariant universe

Non-vanishing cosmological constant effect in super-Poincare-invariant universe

Aminova A.V., Lyulinsky M. Kh.

Статья научная

In [1] we defined the Minkowski superspace 𝑆𝑀(4, 4|𝜆, 𝜇) as the invariant of the Poincare supergroup of supertransformations, which is a solution of Killing superequations. In the present paper we use formulae of super-Riemannian geometry developed by V. P. Akulov and D. V. Volkov [2] for calculating a superconnection and a supercurvature of Minkowski superspace.We show that the curvature of the Minkowski superspace does not vanish, and the Minkowski supermetric is the solution of the Einstein superequations, so the eight-dimensional curved super-Poincare invariant superuniverse 𝑆𝑀(4, 4|𝜆, 𝜇) is supported by purely fermionic stress-energy supertensor with two free real parameters 𝜆, 𝜇, and, moreover, it has non-vanishing cosmological constant Λ = 12/(𝜆2-𝜇2) defined by these parameters that could mean a new look at the cosmological constant problem

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Nonlinear interaction of the axion field with dynamic aether and Su(2) symmetric gauge field in the anisotropic universe

Nonlinear interaction of the axion field with dynamic aether and Su(2) symmetric gauge field in the anisotropic universe

Balakin A.B., Kiselev G.B.

Статья научная

Based on the concept of the dynamic aether emergence as a result of spontaneous polarization of the color aether, we consider the SU(2) symmetric theory of interaction of the gauge and axion fields in the framework of anisotropic cosmological model of the Bianchi-I type. We focus on the analysis of the non-Abelian analog of the U(1) symmetric model of axionically induced generation of the electric field in a magnetized medium.

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Nonlocal extension of relativistic non-equilibrium thermostatics

Nonlocal extension of relativistic non-equilibrium thermostatics

Ilin A.S., Balakin A.B.

Статья научная

Based on the formalism of nonlocal extension of the Israel-Stewart causal thermodynamics [1] on the one hand, and on the formalism of the extended thermostatics [2] on the other hand, we propose the new model of nonlocal relativistic non-equilibrium thermostatics for description of the static spherically symmetric stellar systems. This nonlocal formalism operates with the pair of orthogonal four-vectors: one of them is the standard unit timelike medium velocity four-vector, the second one is the unit spacelike director. We derived the extended equation describing the profile of the non-equilibrium pressure, which can be indicated as the static analog of the Burgers equation known in classical rheology.

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On the gravitational waves coupled with electromagnetic waves

On the gravitational waves coupled with electromagnetic waves

Morozov A.N., Pustovoit V.I., Fomin I.V.

Статья научная

A description is made of the process of excitation of coupled longitudinal-transverse gravitational waves during the propagation of a strong electromagnetic wave in a vacuum and when a standing electromagnetic wave exists in the Fabry-Perot resonator. It is shown that such waves lead to the appearance of transverse gravitational waves in empty space. It was established that two standing high-frequency electromagnetic waves in a Fabry-Perot resonator with close frequencies cause the appearance of a low-frequency transverse gravitational wave in empty space.

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Relativistic nonlinear axion magnetohydrodynamics

Relativistic nonlinear axion magnetohydrodynamics

Alpin T.Yu., Balakin A.B., Vorohov A.V.

Статья научная

The new nonlinear axionically extended version of the general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics is formulated. The self-consistent formalism of this theory is based on the introduction into the Lagrangian of the new unified scalar invariant, which is quadratic in the Maxwell tensor, and contains two periodic functions of the pseudoscalar (axion) field. The constructed unified invariant and the elaborated nonlinear theory as a whole, are invariant with respect to two symmetries: first, the discrete symmetry associated with the properties of the axion field; second, the Jackson’s SO(2) type symmetry intrinsic for the electromagnetism. The subsystem of the master equations, which describes the velocity four-vector of the hydrodynamic flow, is constructed in the framework of Eckart’s theory of viscous heat-conducting fluid. The axionically extended nonlinear Faraday, Gauss and Ampere equations are supplemented by the ansatz about the large electric conductivity of the medium, which is usually associated with vanishing of the electric field. We have suggested two essentially new nonlinear models, in the framework of which the anomalous electric conductivity is being compensated by the appropriate behavior of the finite pseudoscalar (axion) field, providing the electric field in the magnetohydrodynamic flow to be finite (either to be proportional to the magnetic field, or to the angular velocity of the medium rotation).

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Remarks on the Dirac equation

Remarks on the Dirac equation

Kauffman L.H.

Статья научная

His paper examines the structure of the Dirac equation and gives a new treatment of the Dirac equation in 1+1 spacetime.

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SU(N) - symmetric dynamic aether: general formalism and a hypothesis on spontaneous color polarization

SU(N) - symmetric dynamic aether: general formalism and a hypothesis on spontaneous color polarization

Balakin A.B., Andreianov A.V.

Статья научная

The SU(N)-symmetric generalization of the model of the electromagnetically active dynamic aether is formulated. This generalization is based on the introduction of a Yang-Mills gauge field instead of the Maxwell field, and of a SU(N)-multiplet of vector fields instead of the standard single vector field. In the framework of the second order version of the effective field theory this generalization includes three constitutive tensors, which are the SU(N) extensions of the tensors appeared in the Einstein-Maxwell-aether theory; we reconstructed the full-format set of these constitutive tensors. The total self-consistent system of master equations for the gauge, vector and gravitational fields is obtained by the variation procedure. The general model of the SU(N)-symmetric dynamic aether is reduced to the extended Einstein-Yang-Mills-aether model by the ansatz about spontaneous color polarization of the vector fields. In fact, this ansatz requires the vector fields, which form the SU(N) multiplet, to become parallel in the group (color) space due to a phase transition, and a new selected direction in the group space to appear, thus converting it into the anisotropic color space.

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Spherical symmetric solutions of F(R) gravity with a kinetic curvature scalar

Spherical symmetric solutions of F(R) gravity with a kinetic curvature scalar

Chervon S.V., Fabris J.C., Fomin I.V.

Статья научная

We consider modified 𝑓(𝑅) gravity with a kinetic curvature scalar as a chiral self-gravitating model in a spherically symmetric spacetime. Most attention devoted to finding solutions for special case of scaling transformation when modified gravity transforms to Einstein frame from Jordan one. We proposed the method of determination of kinetic function for given scalar field dependence on space coordinate. New classes of solutions are found for special choice of 𝑓(𝑅) function.

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Stability of anti-de sitter neutron stars in the theory of gravity with nonminimal derivative coupling

Stability of anti-de sitter neutron stars in the theory of gravity with nonminimal derivative coupling

Kashargin P.E., Sushkov S.V.

Статья научная

In recent studies linear perturbations of a static and spherically symmetric background of neutron stars have been considered in full Horndesky’s theory, the propagation speeds of perturbations were derived and the stability conditions were obtained. In the present paper we applied this general stability conditions to the study of the neutron stars stability in theory of gravity with the scalar-derivative coupling of the Einstein tensor and the scalar field with the standard kinetic term and the cosmological constant. It was shown that there are stable stellar configurations in a wide class of model parameters ℓ and for which all squared speeds of perturbations, 𝑐2 , 𝑐2 Ω, 𝑐2 3, 𝑐2 Ω± and are positive.

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The analytical description of the Earth's ring current proton flux for the pitch angle of 90 degrees

The analytical description of the Earth's ring current proton flux for the pitch angle of 90 degrees

Smolin S.V.

Статья научная

As mathematical model is offered the ordinary differential equation for the analytical description of a perpendicular differential flux of the charged particles in the Earth’s magnetosphere which depends on time and several parameters (the McIlwain parameter, the magnetic local time or geomagnetic eastern longitude, the geomagnetic activity index, parameter of the charged particle pitch angle distribution or the pitch angle distribution anisotropy index but is taken for the pitch angle of 90 degrees at = 0, the average parameter of the charged particle pitch angle distribution on an interval of time of calculation, the lifetime due to wave-particle interactions). Under the certain geophysical conditions and on a time interval approximately no more than three hours (when a geomagnetic activity index = const) or on a greater time interval, when ≈ const, the equation is solved analytically. The simple analytical solution is received which depends on time and several parameters...

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The field-theoretic approach in general relativity and other metric theories. A review

The field-theoretic approach in general relativity and other metric theories. A review

Petrov A. N., Pitts J. B.

Статья обзорная

The representation of General Relativity (GR) and other metric theories of gravity in field-theoretic form on a background is reviewed. The gravitational field potential (metric perturbation) and other physical fields are propagated in an auxiliary background spacetime, which may be curved and may lack symmetries. Such a reformulation of a metric theory is exact and generally equivalent to its initial formulation in the standard geometrical form. The formalism is Lagrangian-based, in that the equations for the propagating fields are obtained by varying the related Lagrangian, as are the background field equations. A new sketch of how to include spinor fields is included. Conserved quantities are obtained by applying the Noether theorem to the Lagrangian as well. Conserved currents are expressed through divergences of antisymmetric tensor densities (superpotentials), connecting local perturbations with quasi-local conserved quantities. The gauge dependence due to the background metric is studied, reflecting the so-called non-localizability of gravitational energy in exact mathematical expressions formally, an infinity of localized energy distributions that, combined with the material energy, satisfy the continuity equation...

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To the method of the kinetic equation in general relativity

To the method of the kinetic equation in general relativity

Ignatev Yu.G., Zakharov A.V.

Статья научная

In this paper, we present a method for finding the 4-vector of the current and the energy momentum tensor of a nonequilibrium relativistic gas placed in a gravitational field, on the basis of the kinetic equation, which we write in a different, clearly covariant form, and an expression calculated using this method for 4-the current vector, which is valid for sufficiently weak and slowly varying fields (see (2.5)).The designations adopted in this work, with the exception of those stipulated in the text, coincide with the designations adopted in the works [1] - [4].

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Vorticity induces cosmological term of nonsingular universe and removes darkness

Vorticity induces cosmological term of nonsingular universe and removes darkness

Nurgaliev Ildus Saetgalievich

Статья научная

The averaged term of squared vorticity is attributed to accelerated expansion. Cosmological singularity has been a consequence of excessive symmetry of flow, such as «Hubble’s law». More realistic one is suggested. The new cosmological principle is applied to irregularities - they are homogeneous and isotropic in average to some extent within the corresponding Mega-galactic scales. The «Big Bang» is in fact the local bounce of Meta-galaxy which is typical among myriads of other bounces. Exact dynamic and steady/static solutions are presented. A «negative radiation» equation of state p = e/3 with p

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Weak gravitational waves and Petrov classification

Weak gravitational waves and Petrov classification

Baranov A.M.

Статья научная

It is considered the problem of a superposition of the Weyl matrices with different canonical bases as sum these matrices with a point of view of Petrov’s algebraic classification of gravitational fields. Weyl matrices are close connected with the algebraic classification. Such superposition of the Weyl matrices has physical interpretation in superposition of weak gravitational fields and may be used for getting resulting gravitational field. An example of an investigation there is sum of two Weyl matrices for two gravitational plane waves of type by Petrov classification. In linear approximation we get a new resulting solution of the Einstien equations with traceless energy-momentum tensor which is nilpotent matrix of index three. The energy-momentum tensor of the electromagnetic high frequency radiation is the nilpotent matrix of index two. The optical expansion scalars; the optical scalars describing rotation and shear of new congruences in resulting gravitational field vanish. Thus the congruence with tangent eigenvector of energy-momentum tensor in the first approximation behaves as a laminary flow of perfect fluid similarly as free electromagnetic radiation.

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Weyl geometry and cosmological particle creation

Weyl geometry and cosmological particle creation

Berezin V.A., Dokuchaev V.I.

Статья научная

These are lectures for students at the summer school conducted by the Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Bauman Moscow State Technical University at 2022.

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«Квантовая нелокальность» или «нелокальный реализм»?

«Квантовая нелокальность» или «нелокальный реализм»?

Белинский Александр Витальевич, Жуковский Андрей Кузьмич

Статья научная

Предложен вариант эксперимента с коррелированной парой частиц в запутанном (entangled) состоянии, который демонстрирует эффект изменения поляризации запутанного фотона, показывающий реальность всех различных состояний суперпозиции и соответствующего им вектора состояния квантовой системы. Анализируются возможные последствия этого факта. Вместо опровергнутого экспериментами по проверке неравенств Белла понятия «локального реализма» предлагается парадигма «квантового реализма» в рамках реляционной парадигмы. Анализируются результаты экспериментального исследования нарушений неравенства Леггетта в связи с проверкой адекватности различных видов нелокальных теорий скрытых параметров. Предложен новый способ их оценки на основании исследования эффектов подавления взаимной корреляции фотонов на светоделителе и приготовления сжатых состояний. Доказана внутренняя противоречивость интерпретации квантовой механики на основании нелокальной теории скрытых параметров.

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Автоматное представление молекул типа фуллерена

Автоматное представление молекул типа фуллерена

Федченко Д.П., Бикмурзин Р.В.

Статья научная

В статье дано описание геометрической структуры, 360 вершин которой кодируются игровыми конфигурациями 2 × 3-пазла. Предложенная структура, при определенных условиях, очень схожа с молекулой фуллерена C60.

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Аксионная электродинамика земной атмосферы: поиск сигналов, индуцированных гравитационными волнами

Аксионная электродинамика земной атмосферы: поиск сигналов, индуцированных гравитационными волнами

Балакин А.Б.

Статья научная

Аксионная электродинамика возникла как расширение классической теории Фарадея-Максвелла и призвана учесть взаимодействие фотонов с псевдоскалярным полем, переносчики которого (гипотетические массивные Голдстоуновские псевдобозоны, именуемые аксионами) составляют (согласно современным теоретическим оценкам) значительную долю массовой плотности космической темной материи. В окружении реликтовых аксионов, формирующих темную материю, отклик электромагнитного поля в Земной атмосфере приобретает новые удивительные свойства, одним из которых является аномальное усиление сигналов, индуцированных периодическим гравитационным излучением от так называемых гравитационно-волновых маяков - релятивистских компактных двойных систем. Цель данной заметки - обратить внимание читателей на публикуемые в данном номере журнала результаты многолетних измерений вариаций электрического и магнитного полей в приземном слое, выполненных группой исследователей Владимирского университета. На мой взгляд представленные моими коллегами результаты могли бы служить подтверждением гипотезы о том, что среди внешних источников исследуемых инфра-низкочастотных вариаций электрического и магнитного полей имеются удаленные источники гравитационно-волновой природы. Расчеты и оценки, приводимые ниже, могли бы служить объяснением высокой чувствительности Земной аксионно-активной электродинамической системы к периодическим воздействиям гравитационно-волнового типа.

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Алгебраическая классификация дифференциальной формы кривизны и гравитационные поля

Алгебраическая классификация дифференциальной формы кривизны и гравитационные поля

Баранов А.М.

Статья научная

В касательной 4D пространстве-времени проведена алгебраическая классификация дифференциальной два-формы кривизны как антисимметричной матрицы, используя аналогию с тензором электромагнитного поля. Также по аналогии с алгебраической классификацией Петрова гравитационных полей вводятся типы такой матрицы. Приведены примеры с конкретными гравитационными полями: внешнего поля Шварцшильда и поля плоской гравитационной волны.

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