Статьи журнала - International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing
Все статьи: 520
Статья научная
The society is blessed with diverse natural resources such coal, oil and water. The significance of water to lives cannot be over-emphasized. The benefits of water include but not limited to an increases in provision of energy, promotes healthy living and regulate body temperature. In schools, the benefits of water are useful in the laboratories for chemical reactions, fish farming and irrigation system. However, the wastage of water by individuals has been evident in the society. For people that are used to electromechanical pumping machine to fetch water; they used to forget to switch off the machine after the water tank might have been filled. The consequences of over-flowing include flooding and weaken of the building foundation. In this technological era, many automatic systems have been developed to control the flow of water into the containers or water tanks. A contactless water level controller system was developed as a demonstration and application of educational sustainable development in Nigeria Certificate in Education (NCE) curriculum. The curriculum was aimed at encouraging the students to be up-to-date of relevant development in computer science and for the students to be able to impact the knowledge acquired to the young ones. Advanced programming is one of the course contents which involve learning C++, Java, C+ and Visual Basic at NCE level so as to be able to design and implement some application that will be of beneficial to the students and society at large. The controller work on the principle of signals transferred or received by the ultrasonic sensors. It consist of power supply, controller unit, ultrasound, display unit, water pump and water tank while C++ programming language was used and edited by using C++ Crimson editor. The system was installed outside the water tank. The sensor switched ON the motor pump when the water level is below 45cm and again switches OFF the motor pump when the water level is above 45cm. The system has low maintenance and installation cost which is more efficient. Also, electrical power wastage was successfully managed as the motor pump shut down when the water level reaches the desired level thereby reducing the cost of electricity bills for the user. The System was designed, implemented and tested to ascertain its working and viability practically to allow the students of computer science acquire relevant skills in programing language as outlined in the curriculum and to achieve and enhance capacity building. The finding of this research included acquisition of programming skills for implementation of automated system.
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Implementation of smart agriculture using cloudiot and its geotagging on android platform
Статья научная
Agriculture is the backbone of several countries like India and most of the economy depends directly or indirectly on agriculture for a living. But these days several crops are significantly low and farmers are difficult to analyze the variations of soil moisture on yield in every day. The solution of the mentioned problem is to place the sensors in the yield and to collect the readings of moisture in every day by implementing the technologies: Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing technology and GSM (Global Service Message) communication. In this paper, explain how these technologies and GSM will help the farmers in areas where there is an acute water problem or where water conservation is essential. The system is used Wi-Fi and GSM-based communications to send the sensor data to Cloud and mobile phones. The hardware is developed using TI’s First Wi-Fi on-chip microcontroller: CC3200 LaunchPad, SIM900A GSM module, soil moisture sensor, motor and mobile phone. The software is developed using Energia IDE. Thing Speak Cloud Computing technology is used in this work for storing the sensor values in. CSV format and also shows the graphical representation of the real-time variation of moisture on mobile using mobile application and Laptop, SIM 900A module is used sent the moisture levels to the farmer’s registered mobile numbers. The system also automatically turns ON/OFF the motor based on the variation of moisture on yields. The whole system is easily implemented on yields and gets the moisture information even in remote areas in the world.
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Статья научная
A detailed design description of a stand-alone, auto-frequency select, ultrasonic brand of electronic pest control device that is unique in the sense that: it is solar powered, pest specific, field/farm operated, audio back-up, auto-frequency select and multi-directional in nature was hitherto presented using design calculations and analysis supported by circuit diagrams and component specifications. In this work, the conceptualized design was physically realized to specification using electronic construction technology. Implemented section by section on breadboard before soldering onto a veroboard, the cased device was made to sit on a fabricated adjustable stand to provide the needed exposure both to crops and solar insolation. Result shows that the assembled device saturates the vicinity of broadcast with ultrasound capable of deterring weaver birds. Recommendation was made for a performance evaluation of the device in weaver birds infested farms.
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Improved Framework for Appropriate Components Selection
Статья научная
Component based software engineering (CBSE) approach is used to develop a software system from pre-existing software components. It is difficult to select a suitable component from the library of components for the problem of CBSE. Appropriate software component selection plays an important role for the success of project. Many approaches are suggested to solve component selection problem. In this paper, the component selection is done by improving the integrated component selection framework by including the pliability metric to cut down the time and cost. Pliability is a flexible measure that assesses software quality. We anticipate that the proposed solution will solve the component selection problem of software industry.
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Improvement in Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Soil Using Various Stabilizers: A Review
Статья научная
Expansive soils are the soils that expand when comes in contact with water and shrinks when the water within them gets evaporates. These soil are treated as problematic soils for various construction activities hence there is an essential to improve its strength against load effects and also to alter their behaviour against moisture conditions. This review aimed to study the behaviour of expansive soil stabilized using various natural and industrial processed materials such as cement, polymer, lime, rice husk ash, stone dust, fly ash, coir fiber and its pith, jute, bagasse ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). The paper covers the discussion on experimental test results of black cotton soil conducted by various researchers. The tests being basic geotechnical properties, maximum dry density and optimum moisture content, unconfined compressive strength test (UCS), California bearing ratio (CBR), etc., are presented.
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Indonesian Sign Language: Detection with Applying Convolutional Neural Network in a Song Lyric
Статья научная
Indonesian Sign Language (BISINDO) is one of the visual-based alternative languages used by people with hearing impairments. There are hundreds of thousands of Indonesian vocabularies that sign language gestures can represent. However, because the number of deaf people in Indonesia is only seven million or 3% of the population, sign language has become unfamiliar and challenging for some normal or laypeople to understand. This study aims to classify and detect gestures in sign language vocabulary directly based on mobile. Classification learning techniques are needed to recognize variations in gestures, such as machine learning with supervised learning techniques. The development of this research uses the convolutional neural network method with the help of techniques from the single shot detector architecture as the object of detection and the MobileNet architecture for classification. The object is 32 gestural vocabularies from the lyrics of the song 'Bidadari Tak Bersayap' with a dataset of 17,600 images. Then the images are divided into two parts of the model based on the nature of the biased and non-biased data, amounting to 8 and 24 classes, respectively. The research results in a biased model prediction of 15 out of 16, while a non-biased model of 36 out of 48 correct predictions with a total accuracy of real-time based testing on mobile of 93.75% and 75%, respectively.
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Industry 4.0: The Oil and Gas Sector Security and Personal Data Protection
Статья научная
Industry 4.0 is directly connected to the Internet of things, cyber-physical systems, artificial intelligence, robotics and other advanced technologies. It is these technologies that made fully automated digital production, controlled by intelligent systems in real-time with constant interaction via the Internet, a reality. They turned the production system into a “smart network factory”, where all activities are digitally controlled, and the use of financial and material resources becomes more efficient. Along with this, in Industry 4.0, a significant increase in data volumes brought to the forefront data protection issues, including in such a sensitive area as personal data. Illegitimate methods of using personal data to obtain additional preferences have become the goal of some communities of people. Video surveillance data are an integral part of personal data, therefore protection of personal data processed in video surveillance systems has been given increased attention. The video surveillance system includes video cameras, information and communication channels for data transmission, processing devices, analytics and personal data storage. The proposed model is a subsystem of smart video surveillance in the oil and gas sector, that consisting of such subsystems as a smart field, smart grid, smart maintenance, smart transportation, smart security, etc. Conceptual tasks are considered and recommendations for their solution are given.
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Infusion of Warm Fluid During Abdominal Surgery Prevents Hypothermia and Postanaesthetic Shivering
Статья научная
BACKGROUND: Perioperative hypothermia is a frequent occurrence and can lead to several complications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of warm fluid in maintaining normal core temperature during the intraoperative period. METHODS: We studied 30 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I or II adult patients who required general anesthesia for abdominal surgery. In control group (n=15), fluids were infused at room temperature; in test group (n=15), fluids were infused at 37°C. Core temperature was measured at the tympanic site. During recovery, shivering was evaluated by an independent observer. RESULTS: The two groups did not differ significantly in patient characteristics. In control group, core temperature decreased to 35.5±0.3°C during the first 3 hours, and then stabilized at the end of anesthesia. In test group, core temperature decreased during the first 60 min, but increased to 36.9±0.3°C at the end of anesthesia. In control group, 8 patients shivered at grade ≥2. In test group, none of the patients reached grade ≥ 2 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Infusion of warm fluid is effective to keep patients nearly normothermic and prevent postanaesthetic shivering. It may provide an easy and effective method for perioperative hypothermia prevention.
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Internet of things based system for smart kitchen
Статья научная
This paper provides insight to the dynamics that come with the emergence of IoT in the furniture and kitchen manufacturing industry. By implementing the concept of IoT companies are currently evaluating how internal knowledge and skillsets correspond to the new technical requirements that the emerging digital setting outlines and by directing internal research they are learning more about IoT and connected products as they proceed. One current major problem is that there are no open protocols that can connect all products regardless of supplier. Nevertheless, implementation of IoT does not solely involve technical aspects and companies are also faced with the dilemma on how to design and develop corresponding commercial processes. To this point early product implementations have arrived on the consumer markets and the future vision is to achieve full integration that imbeds connectivity and interaction among all products in the home.
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Interpolation Method for Identification of Brain Tumor from Magnetic Resonance Images
Статья научная
During the past years, it is observed from the literature that, identification of the brain tumor identification in human being is gaining popularity. Diagnosing any disease without manual interaction with great accuracy makes computer science research more demanding, therefore, the present work is related to identify the tumor clots in the affected patients. For this purpose, a well-known Safdarganj Hospital, New Delhi, India is consulted and 2165 Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) of a single patient are collected through scanning, and interpolation technique of numerical method used to identify the accurate position of the brain tumor. A system model is developed and implemented by the use of Python programming language and MATLAB for the identification of affected areas in the form of a contour of a patient. The desired accuracy and specificity are evaluated using the computed results and also presented in the form of graphs.
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Inverse Kinematics of Redundant Manipulator using Interval Newton Method
Статья научная
The paper presents an application of Interval Newton method to solve the inverse kinematics and redundancy resolution of a serial redundant manipulator. Such inverse problems are often encountered when the manipulator link lengths, joint angles and end-effector uncertainty bounds are given, which occurs due to because of inaccuracies in joint angle measurements, manufacturing tolerances, link geometries approximations, etc. The inverse kinematics of three degree of freedom planar redundant positioning manipulator without end-effector has been evaluated using the manipulability of Jacobian matrix as performance metric. To solve the nonlinear equation of inverse kinematics, the multidimensional Newton method is used. The inverse kinematics is intended to produce solutions for joint variables in interval of tolerances for specified end effector accuracy range. As exemplar problem solving, a planar 3-degrees-of-freedom serial link redundant manipulators is considered.
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Investigation of Infrared Image Prediction for Subsonic Exhaust Plume
Статья научная
An infrared imaging prediction model of exhaust plume was developed to understanding the infrared characteristics of exhaust plume. The method is based on the irradiance calculation of all pixels on the focal plane array. In order to compute the irradiance incident on each pixel, the gas radiation transfer path in the plume for the instantaneous field of view (IFOV) corresponds to the pixel was solved by the simultaneous equation of a cylinder which covers the exhaust plume and the line of sight. Radiance for the transfer path was calculated by equation of radiation transfer for nonscattering gas. The radiative properties of combustion were computed by Malkmus model with EM2C narrow band database(25cm-1). The pressure, species concentration for the path was determination by CFD analysis. The relatively intensity of each pixel was transferred to color in the display according to gray map coding and hot map coding. Infrared image of the exhaust plumes from a subsonic axisymmetric nozzle was predicted with the model. By changing the parameters, such as FOV and space resolution , the image of different imaging system can be predicted for varying relatively position of camera and the plume.
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Статья научная
The organic compound used as corrosion inhibitor was benzaldehyde. The use of organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors is of potential interest due to their abundant availability, cost effectiveness, and environmental acceptability. However, this study investigates the inhibition effect of this organic compound (benzaldehyde) on the corrosion of aluminium in phosphoric acid solution. Experiments were performed by varying the temperature and concentration of the compound under study. The results obtained from the study shows that the organic compound (benzaldehyde) is a potential inhibitor for the corrosion of aluminium in phosphoric acid solution. The inhibition efficiency was found to increases progressively as the concentration of the inhibitor increases but decreases when the temperature rises. Activation energy values for the corrosion process was found to be 32.61 kJ/mol in uninhibited phosphoric acid solution which increased to 49.53 kJ/mol in the presence 0.1 M concentration of the inhibitor. The values of the rate constant and half live were 9.12 × 10-3 hr-1 and 75.94 hr in uninhibited phosphoric acid solution which changed to 4.56× 10-3 and 151.80 hr in the presence of 0.1 M inhibitor concentration. Kinetics of the reaction in uninhibited and in the presence of the inhibitor revealed that the process follows a first order reaction. The evaluated enthalpy (ΔH) gave positive values which indicate that the heat of adsorption process on the surface of aluminum was endothermic. The negative values of entropy (ΔS) signified that the activated complex at the rate determining step is an association, not dissociation. Evaluated values of free energy of adsorption (ΔGads) were all negative, implying spontaneity of the process and were around and less than -20 kJ/mol, indicative of physisorption of the adsorption process.
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Investigation on Extended Number Field
Статья научная
This paper expands the field of complex number to general plural. Discussion on the forth power generalplural is emphasized, then creates the four fundamental operations of arithmetic and calculus which can be applied to the project.
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IoT Based Smart Shower to Minimize Home Water Usage
Статья научная
Water waste, particularly in home shower systems, remains a significant global concern, with showers accounting for substantial water consumption. This research proposes an IoT-based solution to mitigate water wastage using smart technology. According to surveys, the average shower duration is approximately 8 minutes, with a flow rate averaging 8 Liters per minute, resulting in significant water use per shower. Our approach integrates IoT technology, utilizing Arduino as a gateway device for data management. Water usage data is collected and stored in a cloud-based platform, Thing Speak, enabling users to monitor consumption patterns daily, monthly, and annually. The system employs hardware components including a solenoid valve, Arduino microcontroller, ESP 8266 WiFi module, LCD display, and sound player, complemented by software components like the Arduino IDE and ThinkSpeak database. Operationally, upon activation, the system controls water flow for the initial four minutes before alerting users to conserve water through visual and auditory cues. This study’s methodology involves the design and implementation of an IoT-enabled smart shower system, demonstrating its efficacy in reducing water consumption through real-time monitoring and user feedback. Results indicate a significant reduction in water usage compared to conventional shower systems, thereby highlighting the potential of IoT technology in promoting sustainable water management practices at the household level.
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IoT leak detection system for building hydronic pipes
Статья научная
Building’s Air Conditioning systems require moving liquids for dweller comfort. Clogged pipes, system degradation can cause pressure buildups, leaks and other faults which leads to damage to the building. Most of the leaks in the commercial building occur due to poor maintenance and/or material degradation. Visual inspection is most predominantly used to solve this problem in the industry. This paper introduces the Internet of Things technology to detect leakage in building’s hydronic pipes with the support of sensors, fault detection method and mechanical control. The system consists of: Microcontroller, Windows application and website application. Internet of Things technology was used to monitor and control the hydronics using microcontroller’s capability of connecting to main server which is used to transmit the data to the cloud. The prototype was successfully built and tested. Promising results show that leaks above 2ml/s could be detected after 4 seconds specifically for the built small-scale system while control and monitor feature could be implemented with Internet of Things technology.
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Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi) Based Patient Monitoring System
Статья научная
The healthcare landscape is rapidly evolving with the integration of advanced technologies to enhance patient care, monitoring, and overall medical practices. In this era of innovation, Light-Fidelity (Li-Fi) has emerged as a promising solution with the potential to revolutionize patient monitoring systems. This research aims to address current limitations in Li-Fi-based patient monitoring systems, such as data security concerns and the inability to provide continuous monitoring without on-site medical personnel. It is driven by the urgent need to tackle critical healthcare challenges arising from a significant shortage of medical personnel, particularly in certain regions and countries. The objective is to develop a Li-Fi-based patient monitoring system that can remotely and continuously monitor patient vital signs and medical data. The methodology involves a comprehensive approach that integrates advanced technology, data collection, data processing, and web application development. Results indicate that the developed system prioritizes performance and security, with evaluations based on latency, security vulnerabilities, and data throughput. This research advances Li-Fi's potential in healthcare, paving the way for innovative applications that can enhance patient care, improve healthcare outcomes, and potentially transform the entire healthcare industry.
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Статья научная
The depletion of fossil fuel is driving the world towards the application of renewable energy sources. However, their intermittent nature, in addition to load variation and transmission line sag-tension change due to temperature, is a great deal of problems for reliable power delivery. Without a reliable power delivery, power generation is just a waste of resources. A reliable power delivery can be achieved when the best and the worst case steady state information of a power system network is known to plan and control accordingly. If a system is affected by the presence of uncertainty, a deterministic load flow analysis fails to provide the worst-case load flow result in a single analysis. As a result, a load flow analysis considering the presence of uncertainty is mandatory. On this paper, a novel complex affine arithmetic (AA) based load flow analysis in the presence of generation and load uncertainties is proposed. The proposed approach is tested on an IEEE bus systems and compared with Monte Carlo approach. The proposed approach convergence faster than the Monte Carlo based method and it is slightly conservative.
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Load test of induction motors based on PWM technique using genetic algorithm
Статья научная
Genetic algorithms(GA) is optimization technique used in the equivalent load test of the induction motors to select the values of the factors(modulation indicators) that effect on the performance properties in terms of the values of the currents and the total loss within the machine. One way to choose these parameters is by trial and error while this paper based on GA method to improve the parameters selection. A model is designed to simulate the loading of the induction motor and obtain its own results by the MATLAB program 2017a. There are different methods used to achieve this task such as PWM inverter with different modulation techniques, Constant Voltage Variable Frequency (CVVF) method, Variable Voltage Constant Frequency (VVCF) method and Variable Voltage Variable Frequency (VVVF) method.
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Local Reweighted Kernel Regression
Статья научная
Estimating the irregular function with multiscale structure is a hard problem. The results achieved by the traditional kernel learning are often unsatisfactory, since underfitting and overfitting cannot be simultaneously avoided, and the performance relative to boundary is often unsatisfactory. In this paper, we investigate the data-based localized reweighted regression model under kernel trick and propose an iterative method to solve the kernel regression problem. The new framework of kernel learning approach includes two parts. First, an improved Nadaraya-Watson estimator based on blockwised approach is constructed; second, an iterative kernel learning method is introduced in a series decreased active set to choose kernels. Experiments on simulated and real data sets demonstrate that the proposed method can avoid underfitting and overfitting simultaneously and improve the performance relative to the boundary effect.
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