Статьи журнала - International Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing
Все статьи: 484
A Parameter Free Iterative Method for Solving Projected Generalized Lyapunov Equations
Статья научная
This paper is devoted to the numerical solution of projected generalized continuous-time Lyapunov equations with low-rank right-hand sides. Such equations arise in stability analysis and control problems for descriptor systems including model reduction based on balanced truncation. A parameter free iterative method is proposed. This method is based upon a combination of an approximate power method and a generalized ADI method. Numerical experiments presented in this paper show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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A Participatory System to Sense the Road Conditions
Статья научная
The monitoring of road conditions and surface anomalies such as potholes, bumps etc., has shown a great importance in the safety and comfort of road users from pedestrian to drivers. Detection and identification of such road anomalies not only reduces the causes of road accidents but also avoid vehicle damages. This can provision the management authorities to keep a track of road conditions along with maintenance of roads. Monitoring the road conditions is a challenging task and potholes detection plays an important role in the repairing of asphalt road surface. Many approaches exist to collect data about road surface conditions, however most of these approaches are low-speed human visual inspection or approaches that uses advanced and costly measuring equipments. Therefore, there is a need to develop a cost effective system that can manages these kind of issues. In this paper, a Participatory Sensing system based on raspberry pi is designed and developed to detect and record road surface anomalies that are measured by the inertial measurement unit (IMU) and GPS sensor. An android application is also designed and developed to alert the user from an upcoming high-intensity rough area on the road. Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is used to publish and subscribe data from raspberry pi to data servers.
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A Probability Model for Occurrences of Large Forest Fires
Статья научная
Forest fires occur at various spots and various times all around the world. One of major efforts in forest fire management is to estimate the probability of occurrence of fires so that people would be better prepared to control those fires. In this paper, we establish a probability model and a numerical procedure for estimating probability of occurrences of large forest fires. A simulated numerical experiment is also presented to illustrate the application of the probability model and the numerical procedure.
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A Reinforcement Learning-based Offload Decision Model (RL-OLD) for Vehicle Number Plate Detection
Статья научная
Vehicle license number plate detection is essential for road safety and traffic management. Many existing systems have been proposed to achieve high detection precision without optimization of computer resources. Existing models have not preferred to use devices like smartphones or surveillance cameras because of high latency, data loss, bandwidth costs, and privacy. In this article, we propose a model of unloading decisions based on reinforcement learning (RL-OLD) for recognition and detection of vehicle license plates for high precision with optimization of computer resources. The proposed model detected different categories of vehicle registration plates by effectively utilizing edge computing. Our model can choose either the compute-intensive model of the cloud or the lightweight model of the local system based on the properties of the number plate. This approach has achieved high accuracy, limited data loss, and limited latency.
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A Review on Stabilization of Soft Soils with Geopolymerization of Industrial Wastes
Статья научная
Geopolymers are inorganic aluminosilicate polymers that solidify into ceramic-like substances at tempera-tures close to ambient. The elements in silicate oxide (SiO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) are essential for the hardening of geopolymers because they combine with other elements to create N-A-S-H formation, which gives the material its distinctive strength. Geopolymers based on industrial wastes are increasingly being used to stabilize soft soils. Fly ash, GGBS, metakaolin, glass powders, and others are a few of the industrial wastes that aid in synthesizing geopolymers. Several experimental studies were carried out to determine the mechanical strength, durability, and microstructure im-provement of soft soils stabilized with geopolymers. Some of the experiments include X-ray diffraction (XRD), scan-ning electron microscopy (SEM), unconfined compression testing (UCS), and durability testing. The main objective of this review was to assess the different types of binders, binder ratios, alkali activator types, alkali activator concentra-tions, and other parameters used in synthesizing geopolymers. The binder's proportion varies between 5% and 30% of the soil's dry weight. Researchers commonly use sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution for the alkali activator. Since the unconfined compression test is one of the quickest and least expensive ways to determine shear strength, most researchers were used to measure stabilized soils' mechanical strength. This paper highlights the most frequently used industrial wastes used to synthesize geopolymers. The review enables researchers to acquire es-sential and complementary inputs for future research.
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A Review: DWT-DCT Technique and Arithmetic-Huffman Coding based Image Compression
Статья научная
Nowadays, the volume of the data is increasing with time which generates a problem in storage and transfer. To overcome this problem, the data compression is the only solution. Data compression is the science (or an art) of representing information in compact form. This is an active research area. Compression is to save the hardware storage space and transmission bandwidth by reducing the redundant bits. Basically, lossless & lossy are two types of data compression technique. In lossless data compression, original data is similar to decompressed or decoded data, but in lossy technique is not same. In this paper, Study lossless image compression technique. The purpose of image compression is to maximum bandwidth utilization and reduces storage capacity. This technique is beneficial to image storage and transfer. At the present time, Mostly image compression research have focused on the wavelet transform due to better performance over another transform. The performance is evaluated by using MSE & PSNR. DWT, quantization, Arithmetic, Huffman coding and DCT techniques are briefly introduced. After decompression, the quality of image is evaluated using PSNR parameter between original & decoded image. Compression ratio (CR) parameter is calculated to measure how many times image compressed.
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A Scheme of IBE Key Issuing Protocol Based on Identity-password Pair
Статья научная
To avoid the impersonation attack, an efficient and secure key issuing protocol based on identity-password pair is proposed, in which an additional identity-password pair issued by KGC and KPAs is used to authenticate a user’s identity. In this protocol we use a simple blinding technique to eliminate the of secure channel and multiple authorities approach to avoid the key escrow problem. Our protocol solves the key-escrow problem successfully and saves at least 4n pairing and 2n Hash operations in comparison to Lee B et al’s protocol.
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A Service-oriented Architecture Framework for Emergency Vehicles Information System
Статья научная
Using Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) to build an information system is a hot topic at present. The primary goal of this paper is to investigate how to build a SOA-based information system in a special industry-the field of emergency vehicles in environment protection industry. The paper provides a presentation of current compositions of the emergency vehicles information system and then gives out the system structure. The paper proceeds with the business process flow and working principle of an emergency vehicle information system. A service-oriented architecture framework for emergency vehicles information system is proposed.
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A Service-oriented Dual-bus BAM System Model
Статья научная
Based on a thorough analysis and comparison of several business activity monitoring(BAM) system models, noting that a BAM system is open, integrative, and real-time, and using the SOA software engineering techniques, this paper presents a service-oriented dual-bus BAM system model and analyzes in detail the functions of its service components and communications among them. Much more open than prior models, this BAM system model has a two-level bus architecture, which enables flexible and extensible implementations of practical systems, as well as provides a foundation for software reuse.
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A Simple Economics in Local Hospital Information Management
Статья научная
Can the rural people benefit from New Cooperative Medical Scheme? We set up a simple economic model to show that the rural patient can benefit from NCMS under a good supervision system which depends on the hospital information management. Based on the theoretical model, we give some suggestions for the current local hospital information management.
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A Simple Emotion Discrimination Technique Based on Triangle Phase Space Mapping of HRV Signals
Статья научная
Physiological signal processing techniques are commonly used in emotion recognition. Heart rate variability (HRV) is an important tool in disease diagnosis and psychological investigations. Because of the chaotic nature of HRV, customary methods may not be proficient. Taking the advantage of geometrically based algorithms can lead to the uncomplicated and better representation of heart rate dynamics. The aim of this study was to test whether a simple HRV measure, based on triangle phase space mapping and polynomial fitting, provides a useful emotion recognition technique. HRV of women (n = 12) aged 19-25 years were compared to that of 12 matched aged men, while subjects were induced by four emotional stimuli: happy, sad, afraid, and relax. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to show the level of significance of the features. The results confirm that emotional responses to sad, afraid and relax stimuli can be differentiated by the proposed indices. In addition, they are significantly different in both genders' physiological reactions. It seems that the suggested simple quantifiers are most promising in offering new insight into the dynamics assessments of HRV signals in different emotional states.
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Статья научная
The hydrophobicity of peptide is an important factor that affects the dissolution behavior of proteins and peptides, also affect the physical and chemical properties. In this study, each amino acid side chain was characterized using three structure parameters (heuristic molecular lipophilicity potential, HMLP). The HMLP parameters, total surface area(S), lipophilic indices (L), and hydrophilic indices (H) of amino acid side chains are derived from theoretical computation. Based on HMLP descriptors, QSAR models of the logP were constructed for blocked and unblocked dipeptides by multiple linear regression (MLR) and support vector regression (SVR). All the results showed that the logP relates to the total surface area(S) and hydrophilic indices (H), and the prediction results of SVR are better than that of MLR. The prediction results are in agreement with the experimental values. The result shows HMLP parameters (S,L,H) could preferably describe the structure features of the peptides responsible for their octanol to water partition behavior.
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A Smart Bag for School Students Safety and Security in Oman
Статья научная
The idea behind the paper is to transform the conventional school bag into a smart bag connected to the Internet of Things and aimed at elementary school pupils. Its concept uses GPS to follow the student's location; whenever it detects dangers like gas and smoke around the student, it sends a signal to the user. By lessening the weight on the student with the use of the load sensor, it can also determine the true weight of a bag. It can also be utilized on school buses in case a student is overlooked by notifying the driver of their presence via an LCD on the vehicle that is connected to the gas sensor. The results obtained have shown that the proposed research work successfully developed a prototype that is able to provide security and safety by delivering messages to the user, determining the actual weight of the bag, and tracking the student's location.
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A Study on Ancient Temple Structural Elements Recognition Using Genetic Algorithm
Статья научная
The systematic and scientific study of the lifestyle and culture of earlier peoples is known as archaeology. The Indian history of archaeology spans from the 19th century to the present status, it includes the region's history investigated by a wide variety of archaeologists. They don’t have any such authentic digital methods to be quoted in research. Manual Recognition of ancient temple structural elements is quite difficult to recognize, has archaeologists face many complex problems because they don’t have any automated Recognition method. Recognition is helpful for archaeologists to get more detailed information of ancient temples which is very important for further research. Thus, in this work it is proposed to develop automated method for Recognition ancient temple structural elements (vimana & pillars) for further archaeological research purpose. The proposed method extracts Genetic programming evolved spatial descriptor and classifies the temple structural elements visited by archaeologists based on linear discriminant method [LDA]. The proposed method is divided into 3 main phases: pre-processing, genetic programming evolution and Recognition. The Generalized Co-Occurrence Matrix is used in the pre-processing phase to change images into a format that genetic programming systems may use to process them. The second stage produces the best spatial descriptor to date in the form of a programme that is based on fitness Utilizing LDA, the Fitness is determined. Once the program's output has been received, it can be used for Recognition. Experimental results shows, it demonstrates relatively high accuracy in Recognizing both vimana(gopura) & pillars of different temples. The proposed method is implemented in MATLAB. These results will play very significant role in identification of temple architecture, which in-turn helps in conservation and reconstruction of temples. The proposed methodology will give 98.8% accuracy in pillars recognition and 98.4% accuracy in vimana recognition.
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A Study on Sustainable Development of Grain Production Coping with Regional Drought in China
Статья научная
The sustainable development of grain production is a necessary condition for Chinese rapid economic development, which is directly related to people's livelihood and national security. This paper analyzed the frequent occurrence causes of regional drought in China, emphatically enumerated the North-South imbalance of precipitation distribution in time and space, the excessive tillage and grazing and vegetation damage, the hydro-agricultural infrastructure aging and the rapid urbanization diverted for agricultural water resources, which impact the sustainable development of grain production, then proposed some countermeasures coping with frequently regional drought crisis: strengthen the protection of forest vegetation, the scientific planning of planting structure, and the balance regulation of urban industrial water and grain irrigation water, surface water and ground water and of the water allocation between the administrative region, and solve the discharge of sewage purification and desalination technologies, thus establish an integrated balance system of total supply and regional control of grain irrigation water, so as to continuously perfect the durable and stable supply of grain in China.
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A Survey of Data Mining Techniques for Indoor Localization
Статья научная
The important need for suitable indoor positioning systems has recently seen an exponential rise with location-based services emerging in many sectors of human life. This has led to adopting techniques to mine location data to discover useful insights to improve the accuracy of the various indoor positioning systems. Although indoor positioning has been reviewed in some literary works, an in-depth survey of how data mining could improve the performance of indoor localization systems is still lacking. This paper surveys data mining techniques such as Na¨ıve Bayes, Regression, K-Means, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Expectation Maximization (EM), Neural Networks (NN), and Deep Learning (DL) including how they were used to improve the accuracy of indoor positing systems using various supporting technologies such as WiFi, Bluetooth, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Visible Light Communication (VLC), and indoor localization techniques such as Received Signal Strength Index (RSSI), Channel State Information (CSI), fingerprinting, and Time of Flight (ToF). Additionally, we present some of the challenges of existing indoor positioning systems that employ data mining while highlighting areas of future research that could be exploited in addressing those challenges.
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A Survey on Facial Expression Recognition Technology and Its Use in Virtual Systems
Статья научная
Human Facial expressions are the most expressive way to display their non verbal emotions. Human can easily detect and interpret faces to understand the emotions of the person in front of them. An important aspect of facial expression recognition is its implementation in the virtual domain. Different apps for auto-face recognition can be an important factor for the growth of components of natural human-machine interfaces. Many attempts are made from few years for the development of automated systems for which will detect human face expressions and in turn their moods. This paper gives a survey over the expertise used for human moods detection and recognition of facial expression recently.
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A Survey on Stereo Matching Techniques for 3D Vision in Image Processing
Статья научная
Extraction of three-dimensional scene from the stereo images is the most effective research area in the field of computer vision. Stereo vision constructs the actual three-dimensional scene from two stereo images having different viewpoints. Stereo matching is a correspondence problem, that means it ascertains which part of image corresponds to which part of another image ,where variations inside two images is due to the movement of camera or elapse of time. Many stereo matching algorithms have been developed in order to construct the accurate disparity map. This paper presents a review on various stereo matching techniques. The comparison among existing techniques has clearly shown that none perform optimistically every time. This review has shown that the existing methods in stereo matching involve median filtering. But median filter is not effective for high density of noise. Besides mean-shift segmentation is being used for disparity refinement in existing methods, which can be enhanced by using improved mean-shift segmentation, available now days. In addition, guided filter has been used by many algorithms, but this can be replaced by joint trilateral filters.
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A new approach for RFID tag data reading in FPGA by using UART and FIFO
Статья научная
Nowadays, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology used for automatic object tracking and identifying purpose. RFID technology used in so many applications especially in automobiles, security and health care systems. RFID reader and RFID tags are main processing units in RFID system. RFID tags give the information on what an object is, where it is and even its condition, and what is happening, share related data and respond to the reader. RFID reader module used for reading data from lots of RFID tags. In convention methods [1][2] doesn’t contain any read controller methodology and doesn’t contain any storage element for RFID tags data storing. In this paper, we propose a new approach for RFID tag data reading in FPGA. This approach is more flexible in structure and easily updates the design for any applications. This design is easily adaptable for different chips and communication mechanism. This design has reading controlling methodology and along with storing capability of RFID tags by using FIFO. Here we are using Universal Asynchronous Receiver and Transmitter protocol for communicating RFID reader to PC. For simulation, we are using ModelSim software and for synthesis, purpose using XILINX ISE 14.7.
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A soft computing model of soft biometric traits for gender and ethnicity classification
Статья научная
There is paucity of information on the possibility of ethnicity identification through fingerprint biometric characteristics and so, this work is set to combine two soft biometric traits (Gender and Ethnicity) in order to ascertain if individual of different ethnicity and gender bias can be identified through their fingerprint. Live scan mechanism was used in order to minimize human errors and as well speed up the rate of fingerprint acquisition which unequivocally ensure good quality capturing of the fingerprint image. In this work, fingerprints of over a thousand people from three different ethnic groups of both male and female gender in Nigeria were captured and subjected to training, testing and classification using Gabor filter and K-NN respectively. Histogram equalization was used for image enhancement and the system performance was evaluated on the basis of some selected metrics such as Recognition Accuracy, Average Recognition Time, Specificity and Sensitivity. Result of this work indicated over 96% accuracy in predicting person’s ethnicity and gender with an average recognition time of less than 2secs.
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