Взаимосвязь целостности и понимания в обучении

The article presents the different interpretations of the categories of “integrity” and “understanding” in the modern didactics. The aim of the article is to identify those aspects of the categories, which are appropriate in the humanistic education. The author proves that the relationship between the didactic phenomena of “integrity” and “understanding” is based on the logical and meaningful links within academic content, relying on and developing the subjective experience of learners, disclosing the meaning of a semiotic system of information and interpretation. It is noted that the achievement of integrity and understanding in teaching is an important condition of formation of semantic sphere in learning and learner’s personal development and contributes to conscious acquisition of knowledge and skills. Particular attention is drawn to such type of understanding as "insightful understanding", which is based on deep mental activity of students, their intuition and creative efforts. Insightful understanding facilitates the integration of rational and the intuitive experience of learners and provides new opportunities for interpreting and creating an internal image of new facts, concepts, and holistic understanding of academic content. Thus, insightful understanding of academic content in many respects will overcome formalism in education and will be an important factor in the development of individuals in the educational process.