Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология @historyphilology
Статьи журнала - Вестник Новосибирского государственного университета. Серия: История, филология
Все статьи: 3571
The gradual softening of the Philippines’ hedging strategy towards China under president Duterte
Статья научная
Under President Rodrigo Duterte, in office since 2016, the Philippines’ traditional hedging strategy towards China gradually softens. Due to Chinese investments as part of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) the relations have become closer, while security relations with the United States remain strained. The ongoing territorial dispute in the South China Sea and the negative perceptions of the Philippine citizens on China, however, serve as a corrective for strong bandwagoning with China.
Бесплатно
The history of formation of the Japanese collection in the National Library of Russia
Статья научная
The article introduces the history of the formation of the Japanese collection in the National Library of Russia. Materials in Japanese are available in various departments of the library; the article focuses on the largest collection of materials in Japanese, namely the Japanese collection of the Department of Asian and African Countries Literature (DAACL). An attempt is made to briefly present two topics: firstly, the history of the Japanese collection and the department, and secondly, the history and sources of the acquisition and formation of the Japanese fund. Therefore, the article is divided into two sections. In both sections, the history of the DAACL and the topic of international book exchange in the library are closely interconnected with the main topic of the article, the formation of the Japanese collection. The author also emphasizes the difficulties, negative factors and challenges faced by the fund and the library, not to underestimate the role of the Japanese collection of NLR, but to show what solutions were found throughout its history.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
With the development of China’s economy and the growing demand for the extension of intercultural communication, ”Chinese international education (Chinese as a foreign language)“ major has been developing rapidly. A lot of colleges and universities have made extensive researches on the syllabus and training scheme, curriculum setting and teaching execution planning, and have basically built a scientific and systematic training mode, which is being constantly improved. But the development of international promotion of teaching and learning Chinese language and getting teaching feedback have evidentiated the great importance of students’ practice-teaching overseas for their studying and working in the future. The overseas teaching experience during the period of study will become an efficient way to develop Chinese international education and promote the professional growth of students.
Бесплатно
The migrations of the Oghuz in the medieval period: causes, directions and consequences
Статья научная
Introduction. In the 10th - 11th centuries, the process of formation of the Oghuz tribes was underway in Central Asia. It was accompanied by the disintegration of kinship ties and the emergence of statehood. A new type of ethnic community was being formed, based on territorial and economic ties. The formation of the Oghuz Yabgu State with its political center in the lower reaches of the Syr Darya (river in the territory of modern Kazakhstan) played an important role in this process. The paper analyzes the preconditions and peculiarities of the Oghuz tribes’ westward migration. In addition, a comparative analysis of its economic and political consequences is carried out. Results. The Oghuz State, like many other nomadic empires, was not monolithic and its borders were not permanent and strictly defined. As a result of the extended social conflict, the Syr Darian Yabgu State collapsed and did not withstand the attack of the neighboring Kipchak tribes in the middle of the 11th century. This caused a new migration wave directed westward. Conclusion. As a result of the Oguz migration to the Westward there have been changes in the geopolitical and ethnoterritorial characteristics of Western Asia and Asia Minor regions. Oguz migration has become an integral organism of cultural and economic values. The political and ethnic traces of these changes can still be seen today.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
On November 14, 2015 Confucius Classroom at Novosibirsk State University (NSU) held the first Chinese movie-dubbing contest for university students of the Siberian region. 13 teams form NSU, Novosibirsk State Normal University (NSNU), Novosibirsk State Technical University (NSTU), Siberian Institute of Management - branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation (SIM), Tomsk State University (TSU) and Altai State University (ASU) took part in the contest. The contest was divided into two parts. In the first part competitors needed to dub the designated movie clip that had been chosen in advance from the romantic comedy directed by Feng Xiaogang “Be There or Be Square”. The second part was to dub self-selected movie clips. Each team had selected its own clip and dubbed it in live performance. The teams from NSU dubbed the clips from “Under the Hawthorn Tree” (directed by Zhang Yimou), “Confucius” (directed by Hu Mei) and “Love Is Not Blind” (directed by Teng Huatao). TSU team had selected a clip from the comedy “Lost in Thailand” (directed by Xu Zheng). The team from SIM performed the dubbing of a clip from the comedy-drama film “Go away, Mr. Tumor” (directed by Han Yan). The teams from NSNU dubbed clips from “Fight Back to School” (directed by Gordon Chan), “New Age of Love” (directed by Zhang Xiaoguang), “Pure Red Heart” (directed by Ye Daying) and “The Stolen Years” (directed by Wong Chunchun). ASU teams had selected clips from the movies “Monster Hunt” (directed by Raman Hui) and “Lost in Thailand” (directed by Xu Zheng). The team from NSTU had chosen a clip from the cartoon “The Bench”. All the competitors demonstrated vivid performances and high level of Chinese language skills, but a special mention must be made of the emotional performance of the TSU team that earned a lot of applause. In order to ease the tension of the competition, teachers of Confucius Classroom presented wonderful performance. Zhao Yuan and Dmitry Khlichkin, the hosts of the contest, dubbed a clip from the Soviet movie “Office Romance” (directed by Eldar Ryazanov) in Chinese. Bai Miao, Chinese volunteer teacher, played the guzheng classical “Fisherman's Song”. The first prize of the contest went to one of the NSU teams. The teams from TSU and SIM shared the second prize, while the third prize was shared between ASU and NSU teams. Angelina Krylova from SIM, Lilia Kizilova from TSU and Alexandra Pozhidaeva from NSTU won special awards for the best pronunciation, the best artistic impression and the best potential, respectively. After the contest most of the teachers and students expressed a belief that such competitions could not only improve the speaking ability, but also stimulate the enthusiasm for further studying the Chinese language and culture. The contest renewed and enriched the forms of learning Chinese. The atmosphere of professional contest and the wonderful talent show were well received and aroused a great interest. This contest was reported on Hanban, NSU and Xinjiang University news websites. Confucius Classroom at NSU plans to hold the second Chinese movie-dubbing contest on October 22, 2016.
Бесплатно
The overview of a hundred years’ development of Xinjiang national minorities press
Статья научная
The paper discusses the historical development of the national minorities’ press in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China from the establishing of the first newspaper in Xinjiang, “Yili Vernacular Newspaper” (“Yili Baihua Bao”), which was published in four languages (Chinese, Uyghur, Mongolian and Manchu), in 1910 up until present moment. The process of forming and development of the press in national languages of Xinjiang minorities can be divided into two big stages. The first stage is the period of establishing of newspapers in local languages; it lasted from 1910 till the establishing of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. Materials published during this period were devoted mainly to educational and political problems. Newspapers began to be a factor of political propaganda. The second stage covers the period from the establishing of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 till nowadays. Since new China was founded, and especially after the “Reform and Opening-up”, the press in national minorities’ languages of Xinjiang has developed into a diversified multilanguage multilevel professional system with the Communist Party newspapers as the core. The new phenomenon that occurred during 1950-1960s was the establishing of specialized periodicals for different age groups and professional groups. All the print media were mostly dedicated to the propaganda of the Communist Party’s policy, significant political events, economic reforms, etc. At the same time, the quality of literary works published in newspapers’ supplements was increasing steadily. The Cultural Revolution significantly affected press’ activity; its information function was weakened and gave place to political propaganda. During the 1980-1990s substantial changes in the content and technical proficiency took place. At the present time, the number of newspapers published in five languages of Xinjiang national minorities has reached 52, including 34 in Uyghur language, 12 in Kazakh language, 3 in Mongolian language, 2 in Kyrgyz language and 1 in Xibe language.
Бесплатно
The role of elite subcultures in the preservation of traditional culture and art of medieval Korea
Статья научная
This article, based on the philosophical-sociological approach to the consideration of traditional culture and on the theory of sociocultural stratification declares that a complex, multilayered structure of society provides an appropriate protection to the national culture and through it, to national art. The Korean aristocratic society guided by Confucian standards and patterns since ancient times was predisposed to create the certain range of elite subcultures (munin, hwawon, neoconfucian philosophers and intellectuals), similar to each other, preset to reproduce and translate the values created in mainstream Chinese culture and to form its own specific directions, genres and styles through medieval times. Modernization and westernization that began at the end of the 19th century with its new challenges and objectives contributed to the disintegration of syncretism, typical for the Far Eastern culture and art of Medieval Times, and, as a result, the disintegration of elite subcultures.
Бесплатно
The role of mentors in the life and poetry of Huang Jingren
Статья научная
This article is devoted to the one of the most notable representatives of traditional Chinese poetry of the Qing dynasty - Huang Jingren (1749-1783). In Huang's collected works, over 300 poems are devoted to his friends, and a tenth of them - to those whom he considered his mentors. Most often, those were people of an older age, who became his teachers and advisors at the same time. Some patronized him, providing opportunity to work with them; with others, he would seek advice on matters of poetry and discuss poems. Over the years, a few of them became not only the young poet's senior companions, but also his friends. The poems devoted to such people are rich in social and historical background, and replete with the poet's rather hard personal life experience, his thoughts and feelings. They do not only evolve the scenery of social and intellectual life in the midst of the Qianlong Emperor’s reign before readers’ eyes, but also provide a better understanding of the poet’s personality and the distinctness of his worldview. Throughout his rather short life, Huang Jingren had a few friend mentors, who appreciated his talent, respected him and wished to help. Shao Qitao played one of the most important roles in Huang’s life. He was not the first to discover Huang’s talent, but he helped this talent evolve and move in the right direction. Another teacher and a person who predetermined a lot of Huang’s life was Zhu Yun, who served as an education supervisor (xueshi) in the Anhui province. One of the most famous Qing poets, Yuan Mei should also be mentioned. He was a man of great talent, who founded his own poetry school and wrote «Suiyuan Shihua or Poetry Talks from Sui Garden». Despite the disparity in age (almost 33 years), they were still friends. Yuan Mei admired the young talent, whereas Huang venerated the Teacher. All these senior mentors played a certain role in the poet’s life and work and many poems in the «Liangdangxuan» collection are devoted to them.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
This article gives a brief overview of the genesis of the development of incense culture in Japan through the determining function of aromatic wood in Buddhism, as well as the significance of Japanese classifications of agarwood (aquilaria) species which were developed in the 16th - 17th centuries. Japanese masters invented ways of coding fragrances of aromatic wood through their characteristics of tastes and place of growth, as well as using metaphorical and figurative-symbolic meaning of each name. These techniques played a key role in the history of the traditional art of koudou (‘way of fragrance’) and in the development of female education during the Edo period (1603-1867). Based on the analysis of written sources and museum collections, two classifications were studied, which are still used in Japan when assessing the quality of aromatic wood and wood products: a list of ‘61 kinds of aromatic wood’, developed using associations of odours with significant phenomena in Japanese society as its foundation - calendar holidays, religious concepts, political and literary characters, as well as the system of ‘Six Countries - Five Flavours’, which was based on geographical factors and the principle of reliance on taste and olfactory receptors.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Based on academic achievements of, primarily, Chinese and Vietnamese researchers including materials recorded in the form of writings, reports, diaries, and letters sent to Europe by Western missionaries operating in China and Vietnam in the 17th and 18th centuries, and at the same time combining the application of two main research methods of Science and History (historical method and logical method) with other research methods (systematization, analysis, synthesis, statistics, etc.) and especially the comparative method, this article aims to clarify two points of focus. The first is the open attitude of Chinese and Vietnamese rulers in accepting Western medical achievements and the positive, respectful, and admiring views of some missionaries towards different aspects of traditional Chinese and Vietnamese medicine. The second is the contradiction in some Western missionaries' perception and actions when they criticized the superstition in the way of disease diagnosis and treatment of the Vietnamese and Chinese, especially the Taoist priests, however they committed to such approaches in the process of examining and treating indigenous people. The study of some of the phenomena that arose during the connections made between Western medicine and traditional Chinese and Vietnamese medicine in the 17th and 18th centuries as mentioned above would make a certain contribution to the study of the history of the East-West cultural exchange in China and Vietnam in general, as well as the medical history in the two countries, in particular during this period.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Purpose. Co Tu is one of the ethnic minorities among the 54 ethnic groups in Vietnam that still boldly preserve their cultural values. They live in the mountainous areas of the Annamite Range, Vietnam where they depend on the forest for their livelihood. The people attach great importance to trees and forests. In their traditional worldview, trees are not merely immovable objects but have hidden souls. Trees are called abhui whose souls mainly inhabit the forest. Those residing in any tree have the same characteristics as that tree. Tree souls can protect people but can also harm them. By using primary and secondary documents obtained during the years 2009-2020, focusing on 2017-2019; emic, etic, and direct field trip methods as the unstructured in-depth interview, semi-structured interview, and group discussions, we want to approach the ethnic minority’s way of thinking and learn about the relationship between the ethnic group and the plant world.Results. Trees have been personified as gods, and from that respect, the people have also sanctified forests and created customary law to protect forests, i.e., tree souls, the sacredness of forests.Conclusion. In promoting relationships with nature, protecting and preserving the environment, these indigenous practices are a very positive form that should be encouraged.
Бесплатно
Turkey after the transition to a multiparty system: the coups of 1960, 1971 and 1980
Статья научная
Before 1946 there was just one functioning political party in Turkey - the Republican People’s Party (RPP) (Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi), established by Atatürk. Yet between 1946 and 1952, 28 new political parties were created. Obviously, the most influential of these was the Democrat Party (DP) (Demokrat Parti), established in 1946 and led by Celal Bayar. The DP won the 1950 general election with some 55 % of the vote. This marked a new era in Turkish politics. After the transition to a multi-party system was completed, Turkey experienced periodic breakdowns in the form of direct and indirect military interventions, demonstrating just how problematic regime change in terms of democratization of a political system is. This paper focuses on the period after the transition to a multi-party system and competitive politics in Turkey and, in particular, discusses the coups of 1960, 1971 and 1980 and their implications on the development of democratization processes in the country.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the 32nd conference of orientalists in Germany, which took place from 23 to 27 September 2013 at the University of Westphalia in Münster. The conference was established in 1921 at the initiative of the German Oriental Society and is held regularly every three years. The forum was attended by 1,300 people (the working languages of the conference were German and English). In 23 sections, 900 reports were heard, among which three reports were made by employees of the Department of Oriental Studies of the Humanities Faculty of Novosibirsk State Research University. At the opening ceremony of the conference, prominent European scientists and professors, such as Oskar von Hinyuber, Gudrun Kremer and others, spoke. The sections under the guidance of professors of the largest universities worked synchronously, which, on the one hand, made it possible to hear a large number of reports, but, on the other hand, created some inconvenience when the timing of speeches on topics of interest coincides. The priority sections for the staff of the Department of Oriental Studies at NSU were Sinological, Japanese and Korean Studies. They covered a wide chronological and thematic range, from the problems of interpretation of the original texts of Confucius and Mencius to the role of Christianity in modern China and human rights in North Korea. The conference program also included visits to several museums - the Museum of Archeology, the Museum of Lacquer Art and the Museum of Painting of East and Southeast Asia with a permanent exhibition by Pablo Picasso and a temporary exhibition of paintings by the impressionist Camille Pissaro. The participants of the congress also managed to visit the open-air museum Mühlenhof, which contains a collection of rural buildings in Münster and its environs. The conference also hosted the second meeting of the Board of the European Association for Asian Art and Archeology (EAAA), founded in November 2012 at the University of Ljubljana (Slovenia). The meeting discussed current organizational and financial issues, as well as problems related to the support of various international funds and organizations. The next meeting of the members of the Association is scheduled for September 2014 within the framework of the first EAAA conference at Palacky University (Olomouc, Czech Republic). Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chief researcher of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor N.V. Polosmak, who will present the results of her expeditions to Mongolia related to the study of objects of Chinese art in the Hunnic burials, was invited as a special guest of the conference with a plenary report.
Бесплатно
Другой
В статье представлены результаты работы Международной научной конференции «Культура русских в археологических исследованиях», которая прошла в Тюмени в ноябре 2014 г. Более 100 человек, представляющих научно-исследовательские институты, университеты и музеи из России, Норвегии. , Германия, Польша, США и Украина приняли участие в работе конференции в разных форматах. К началу конференции вышел сборник статей. Опубликованные материалы и представленные отчеты показали, что исследования в области археологии россиян вышли на новый уровень, поскольку произошел переход от накопления материала к его обобщению и созданию исторической реконструкции на междисциплинарном уровне. Участники приняли решение провести VI конференцию в 2017 году.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
Цель. В период с 26 по 28 сентября 2018 года в столице Республики Хакасия городе Абакане и Орджоникидзевском районе Хакасии прошла V Международная научная конференция «Народы и культуры Саяно-Алтая и сопредельных территорий», посвященная 85 лет со дня рождения доктора исторических наук, востоковеда, археолога Виталия Епифановича Ларичева. Местоположение Абакана было выбрано, так как именно на территории Хакасии В. Е. Ларичев проводил свои основные полевые исследования в области палеолита и астроархеологии. В этой связи важно показать результаты работы этого значимого научного форума. Полученные результаты. В конференции приняли участие ученые и преподаватели археологии из Японии, Индии, Княжества Монако, Монголии, Казахстана, Тувы, Алтая, Хакасии, Новосибирской, Красноярской и Кемеровской областей. К началу конференции ее Оргкомитет подготовил материалы форума в виде книги. С программным докладом на пленарном заседании конференции выступила доктор исторических наук, директор Хакасского научно-исследовательского института языка, литературы и истории Тугужекова В.Н. Докладчик подчеркнул, что именно В. Е. Ларичев на хакасских материалах заложил предпосылки для современных методов изучения древних календарных систем Сибири. На секционных заседаниях конференции были освещены результаты научных исследований, проведенных В.Е. Ларичевым как на территории Хакасии, так и в Восточной Азии. Завершился рабочий день выступлением замечательного художественного фольклорного коллектива из города Абакана. Во второй день конференции прошел практический выездной семинар на одной из исследовательских площадок, которую В. Э. Ларичев считал особо важной - Первом Сундук, на территории Орджоникидзевского района Хакасии. Общепризнано, что этот уникальный природно-исторический объект - единственный в своем роде на территории Хакасии. Однако необходимо продолжить его сложные междисциплинарные исследования. Участок нуждается в эффективной защите, так как в последние годы антропогенная нагрузка на это место сильно возросла. Заключение. В целом научный форум явился важным этапом как в изучении богатого научного наследия В.Е. Ларичева, так и в решении ряда актуальных вопросов археологии, этнографии и истории народов Южной Сибири и сопредельных территорий Средней и Средней Азии. Восточная Азия.
Бесплатно
Статья
В сообщении представлен анализ магистральных тем и отдельных докладов VI Международной междисциплинарной научной конференции «Метаморфозы культуры», прошедшей в рамках международного форума «Наследие» в Гуманитарном институте Новосибирского государственного университета 19-20 ноября 2021 г. Конференция была посвящена проблемам трансформации дидактического кода в культуре Нового и Новейшего времени. На основное обсуждение были вынесены вопросы, касающиеся дидактического кода культуры XVIII-XX вв. Особым предметом рассмотрения стала концептосфера воспитания и обучения и особенности ее языковой и художественной репрезентации. Отдельные группы тем и вопросов, связанных с проблемами воспитания, составили: придворная педагогика и русская культура XVIII - начала XX в.; учебная литература в книжной культуре России Нового времени; визуальная дидактика в пространстве поликодового текста; книга как источник познания: вербальные и визуальные аспекты книжной культуры.
Бесплатно
Другой
В статье представлены результаты VI Международной научной конференции, которая прошла в ноябре 2017 года в городе Енисейск и была посвящена 400-летию города. В рамках форума прошли встречи, организованные в семь секций (мастерских), где были проанализированы результаты археологического изучения Енисейска, предложены новые методические разработки в изучении русской культуры, обсуждены вопросы реконструкции культурного наследия и мер по его охране. Особое научное значение имела работа секции антропологии и генетики населения России. На стальной секции исследователи представили достижения в изучении русской культуры и ее влияние на мир археологии. Описаны и проанализированы материалы, используемые для систем жизнеобеспечения населения России. Новые результаты получены в изучении городской культуры, письменных источников и этнографии. Конференция внесла значительный вклад в развитие научных направлений в русской археологии.
Бесплатно
Статья научная
В период с 23 по 25 сентября в городе Абакане (Республика Хакасия) состоялась VIII Международная научная конференция «Народы и культуры Саяно-Алтая и сопредельных территорий», посвященная 300-летию открытия памятников енисейской письменности и году хакасского эпоса в Республике Хакасия. Значимые объекты древнетюркской письменности и фольклорного наследия данного региона вызывают особый интерес научной общественности. В этой связи важным является освещение результатов работы научного мероприятия. Главной целью мероприятия являлось взаимодействие, обмен опытом и результатами научных исследований в области гуманитарных наук, сохранения и изучения памятников письменности и фольклора. В конференции приняли участие более 130 ученых из Монголии, Японии, Узбекистана, Турции, Азербайджана, Белоруссии, Финляндии и России. Работа проходила в 5 секциях, 1 круглом столе, посвященном актуальным вопросам археологии Южной Сибири и Центральной Азии. Конференция показала большую значимость этнической культуры, занимающей одно из ведущих мест в изучении историко-культурного наследия того или иного народа, его роли в мировом сообществе.
Бесплатно
