This document proposes a model of the process of atmospheric discharge of overhead lines followed by an electric arc. The intensity of atmospheric discharges, followed by electric arc and destruction, is determined by the difference in potential and current. Such a structure and form of discharge make it difficult to analyze the transient process and obtain adequate solutions. That is why the model of the transient process in the electric arc of the switch under the conditions of interruption of the AC circuit is specially analyzed. Simple equivalent schemes for the analysis of phenomena with given values of linear parameters are presented, which are very simple to apply. All influential parameters by which the overvoltage values in the model can be estimated were also taken into account. The evaluation of the proposed model was performed using the adapted MATLAB program psbsurlightcuurent for atmospheric electrical discharge, which contains a high frequency current source. The verified simulation method was used to verify the results as part of a method derived from artificial intelligence algorithms. The process simulation program, the obtained voltage and current diagrams confirm the application of the simulation algorithm model.

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Transient Processes on the Elements of Underground Installations

Bojan L. Jovanović, Slobodan N. Bjelić, Nenad A. Marković

Статья научная

If the value of the field is greater than the disruptive voltage of the soil around earth wire (probe) the breakthrough occurs and the majority of soil becomes conductive. Particular problem are components of high frequency currents or voltages. Disorders of frequency in the range of 50 Hz to 5 kHz that can affect the selection of installation parameters, in compliance with all environmental criteria, are simulated by adapted subprogram in the part of the package Sym Power MATLAB.

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Tree Adapt: Web Content Adaptation for Mobile Devices

Rajibul Anam, Chin Kuan Ho, Tek Yong Lim

Статья научная

Mobile web browsing usually becomes time-consuming since currently it requires horizontal and vertical scrolling in addition to this, users interested in only a section of a web page are often burdened with cumbersome whole web pages that not only do not properly fit their mobile screens but also require a lot of delivery time. This problem can be addressed and resolved with the help of a mobile web content adaptation system. Existing web content adaptation systems focus on resizing contents to fit a mobile device and removing unnecessary contents from the adapted web page. This paper’s aim is to address the gap by proposing the TreeAdapt which provides a condensed view of an adapted web page. This condensed view consists of only block headers which users can then expand for complete content. In order to achieve this, the proposed algorithm will first categorize an HTML object as menu, block title or the main content. A depth-first traversal algorithm is then used to select the sequence of blocks to be displayed on a mobile device. Usability studies were performed to evaluate the usability of the adapted contents against other deployed systems. Results from the usability studies indicate that the adapted contents produced by the proposed techniques enabled users to locate targeted information within a web page in a shorter span of time.

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Trends, Issues and Challenges Concerning Spam Mails

Jitendra Nath Shrivastava, Maringanti Hima Bindu

Статья научная

Traditional correspondence system has now been replaced by internet, which has now become indispensable in everyone’s life. With the advent of the internet, majority of people correspond through emails several times in a day. However, as internet has evolved, email is being exploited by spammers so as to disturb the recipients’. The entire internet community pays the price, every time there pops a spam mail. Online privacy of the users is compromised when spam disturbs a network by crashing mail servers and filling up hard disks. Servers classified as spam sites are forfeited from sending mails to the recipients’. This paper gives the broader view of spam, issues challenges and statistical losses occurred on account of spams.

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Trust Formulization in Dynamic Source Routing Protocol Using SVM

Priya Kautoo, Piyush Kumar Shukla, Sanjay Silakari

Статья научная

In an advanced wireless network, trust is desirable for all routing protocols to secure data transmission. An enormous volume of important information communicates over the wireless network using trusted dynamic routing protocol, which is the enhancement of the DSR (Dynamic Source Routing) protocol to improve trust. Previously fuzzy logic, genetic algorithm, neural network has been used to modify DSR and good result has been obtained in few performance indicators and parameters. In this work an SVM based trusted DSR have been developed and better results have been presented. This new novel on demand trust based routing protocol for MANET is termed as Support vector machine based Trusted Dynamic Source Routing protocol, performance of STDSR has been improved in term of the detection ratio (%) at different mobility and no. of malicious node variation.

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Trusted Mobile Client for Document Security in Mobile Office Automation

Xiaojun Yu, Qiaoyan Wen

Статья научная

Mobile Office Automation is a popular application on the mobile platform. However, the mobile platform has no enough security protection in front of the open system, such as internet. The document security problem in this application has become a hot topic. This paper proposed a new solution to this problem. The solution based on the trusted computing technology, which implements the platform security by hardware. The solution also includes the transparent encryption technology that means application could run independent to the security module and keep the consistency of user experience. The trusted mobile client platform architecture and security functions process of the mobile document protection system are detailed. Related work also been introduced; the security analysis shows the proposed solution could provide well security enhancement for document protection in mobile platform.

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Tuning stacked auto-encoders for energy consumption prediction: a case study

Muhammed Maruf Öztürk

Статья научная

Energy is a requirement for electronic devices. A processor is a substantial part of computer components in terms of energy consumption. A great concern has risen over recent years about computers with regard to the energy consumption. Taking accurate information about energy consumption of a processor allows us to predict energy flow features. However, using traditional classifiers may not enhance the accuracy of the prediction of energy consumption. Deep learning shows great promise for predicting energy consumption of a processor. Stacked auto-encoders has emerged a robust type of deep learning. This work investigates the effects of tuning stacked auto-encoder in computer processor with regard to the energy consumption. To search parameter space, a grid search based training method is adopted. To prepare data to prediction, a data preprocessing algorithm is also proposed. According to the obtained results, on average, the method provides 0.2% accuracy improvement along with a remarkable success in reducing parameter tuning error. Further, in receiver operating curve analysis, tuned stacked auto-encoder was able to increase value of are under the curve up to 0.5.

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Twitter as a Social Network in Academic Environments for Exchanging Information Taibah University: A Case Study

Zohair Malki

Статья научная

Twitter is extensively used in the Arab World in the last few years. It showed positive impact on both students and teachers in academic institutions. In this paper we introduce Taibah University as a case study to examine Twitter uses and benefits in education environments. Deans, Students and Teachers accounts on Twitter will be examined to discover the general uses of Twitter and the type of information which is commuting between students and teachers. Results showed that twitter is used extensively in Taibah University for after class room discussions, and for the teachers to share class notes and lectures, in addition it showed highly agreement on the importance of twitter in Taibah University from both students and faculty members.

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Two Fold Optimization of Precopy Based Virtual Machine Live Migration

Sangeeta Sharma, Meenu Chawla

Статья научная

Virtualization is widely adopted by the data centers, in order to fulfill the high demand for resources and for their proper utilization. For system management in these virtualized data centers virtual machine live migration acts as a key method. It provides significant benefit of load-balancing without service disruption. Along with the various benefits virtual machine live migration also imposes performance overhead in terms of computation, space and bandwidth used. This paper analyzes the widely used precopy method for virtual machine live migration and proposes the two fold optimization of precopy method for virtual machine live migration. In the first phase, the proposed two fold precopy method reduces the amount of data sent in first iteration of precopy method. Second phase restricts sending of similar data iteratively in each subsequent iterations of precopy method by identifying frequently updated pages and keeps it till the last stop and copy iteration. In this way it reduces total migration time and total amount of data transferred. The proposed two fold precopy method is compared with precopy method and simulation results show the performance improvement of a virtual machine live migration in terms of total migration time and total amount of data transferred.

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Two Group Signature Schemes with Multiple Strategies Based on Bilinear Pairings

Jianhua Zhu, Guohua Cui, Shiyang Zhou

Статья научная

A group signature scheme and a threshold group signature scheme based on Bilinear Paring are proposed, there are multiple security strategies in these two schemes. These schemes have forward security which minimizes the damage caused by the exposure of any group member's signing key, and does not affect the past signatures generated by this member; meanwhile, ahead signature generated by a group member before the joining date can be prevented via this strategy. Moreover, this scheme support the group member revocable function efficiently and further has no requirement for time period limits.

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Two SAOR Iterative Formats for Solving Linear Complementarity Problems

Xian-li Han, Dong-jin Yuan, Shan Jiang

Статья научная

In this paper, we propose two new iterative SAOR methods to solve the linear complementarity problem. Some sufficient conditions for the convergence of two new iterative methods are presented, when the system matrix M is an M-matrix. Moreover, when M is an L-matrix, we discuss the monotone convergence of the new methods. And in the numerical experiments we report some computational results with the two proposed SAOR formats.

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Typology for Linguistic Pattern in English-Hindi Journalistic Text Reuse

Aarti Kumar, Sujoy Das

Статья научная

Linking and tracking news stories covering the same events written in different languages is a challenging task. In natural languages same information may be expressed in multiple ways and newspapers try to exploit this feature for making the news stories more appealing. It has been observed that the same news story is presented in same as well as in different language in different ways but normally the gist remains the same. Diversity of linguistic expressions presents a major challenge in identifying and tracking news stories covering the same events across languages, but doing so may provide rich and valuable resources as comparable and parallel corpora can be generated with this resource. In the case of Indian languages there exist limited language resources for Natural Language Processing and Information Retrieval tasks and identifying comparable and parallel documents would offer a potential source for deriving bilingual dictionaries and training statistical Machine Translation systems. Paraphrasing is the most common way of reproducing news stories and translated text is also a type of paraphrase. Prior to linking monolingual or bilingual news stories, these paraphrase types need to identified and classified to help researchers to devise techniques to solve these challenging problems. English-Hindi language pair not only differs in their scripts but also in their grammar and vocabulary. A number of paraphrase typologies have been built from the perspective of Natural Language Processing or for some or the other specific applications but as per the knowledge of the authors, no typology have been reported for English-Hindi cross language text reuse. In this paper a typology is formulated for cross lingual journalistic text reuse in English-Hindi. Typology unravels level of difficulties in English-Hindi mapping. It shall help in devising techniques for linking and tracking English-Hindi stories.

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Ultrasound Image Despeckling using Local Binary Pattern Weighted Linear Filtering

Simily Joseph, Kannan Balakrishnan, M.R. Balachandran Nair, Reji Rajan Varghese

Статья научная

Speckle noise formed as a result of the coherent nature of ultrasound imaging affects the lesion detectability. We have proposed a new weighted linear filtering approach using Local Binary Patterns (LBP) for reducing the speckle noise in ultrasound images. The new filter achieves good results in reducing the noise without affecting the image content. The performance of the proposed filter has been compared with some of the commonly used denoising filters. The proposed filter outperforms the existing filters in terms of quantitative analysis and in edge preservation. The experimental analysis is done using various ultrasound images.

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Under Water Optical Wireless Communications Technology for Short and Very Short Ranges

Abd El–Naser A. Mohamed, Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed, Amina E. M. El-Nabawy

Статья научная

This paper has presented our interest in wireless underwater optical communications. Recent interest in ocean exploration has brought about a desire for developing wireless communication techniques in this challenging environment. Due to its high attenuation in water, a radio frequency (RF) carrier is not the optimum choice. Acoustic techniques have made tremendous progress in establishing wireless underwater links, but they are ultimately limited in bandwidth. In traditional communication systems, constructing a link budget is often relatively straight forward. In the case of underwater optical systems the variations in the optical properties of sea water lead to interesting problems when considering the feasibility and reliability of underwater optical links. The main focus of this paper is to construct an underwater link budget which includes the effects of scattering and absorption of realistic sea water. As well as we have developed the underwater optical wireless communication systems to have shorter ranges, that can provide higher bandwidth (up to several hundred Mbit/sec) communications by the assistant of exciting high brightness blue LED sources, and laser diodes suggest that high speed optical links can be viable for short range application.

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Unifying the Access Control Mechanism for the Enterprises Using XACML Policy Levels

N. Senthil Kumar, Anthoniraj Amalanathan

Статья научная

Many enterprises have intended to promote their applications with stern access control mechanism and yield the stringent authorization deployment in their individual proprietary manner. The development of this build up will result in tight coupling of authorization mechanisms within the enterprise applications. In many enterprises setup, the implicit authorization processes are embedded within the application and promote error prone accessing of requested policies. This sort of embedded authorization will let the users to carry out the specific actions without knowing the access control policy as well as its embedded setup with the help of third party involvement. But this approach has some serious effects in controlling the issues such as skipping the trust based applications, violates the policy setups and pave the way to exploit the authorized data to the end users. Many enterprises had faced serious problem in controlling its sensitive data from this implicit authorization decisions and hence decided to develop a security mechanism which can be totally controlled by centralized way of access policy. Therefore, the eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) provides a very simple and powerful remedy for authorization mechanism and for the access policy set ups.

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Unsupervised Learning based Modified C- ICA for Audio Source Separation in Blind Scenario

Naveen Dubey, Rajesh Mehra

Статья научная

Separating audio sources from a convolutive mixture of signals from various independent sources is a very fascinating area in personal and professional context. The task of source separation becomes trickier when there is no idea about mixing environment and can be termed as blind audio source separation (BASS). Mixing scenario becomes more complicated when there is a difference between number of audio sources and number of recording microphones, under determined and over determined mixing. The main challenge in BASS is quality of separation and separation speed and the convergence speed gets compromised when separation techniques focused on quality of separation. This work proposed divergence algorithm designed for faster convergence speed along with good quality of separation. Experiments are performed for critically determined audio recording, where number of audio sources is equal to number of microphones and no noise component is taken into consideration. The result advocates that the modified convex divergence algorithm enhance the convergence speed by 20-22% and good quality of separation than conventional convex divergence ICA, Fast ICA, JADE.

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Unveiling Autism: Machine Learning-based Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection through MRI Analysis

Chitta Hrudaya Neeharika, Yeklur Mohammed Riyazuddin

Статья научная

The prediction of autism features in relation to age groups has not been definitively addressed, despite the fact that several studies have been conducted using various methodologies. Research in the field of neuroscience has demonstrated that intracranial brain volume and the corpus callosum provide crucial information for the identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Based on these findings, we present Decision Tree-based Autism Prediction System (DT-APS) and Random Forest-based Autism Prediction System (RF-APS) for automatic ASD identification in this paper. These systems utilize characteristics extracted from the corpus callosum and intracranial brain volume, and are based on machine learning techniques. By prioritizing characteristics with the highest discriminatory power for ASD classification, our proposed approaches, DT-APS and RF-APS, have not only enhanced identification accuracy but also simplified the training of machine learning models. The initial step of this method involves dividing each MRI scan into distinct anatomical areas. These areas are adjacent slices in a single 2D image. Each 2D image is mapped to the curvelet space, and the set of GGD parameters characterizes each of the distinct curvelet sub-bands. The AQ-10 dataset was utilized to evaluate the proposed model. When tested on both types of datasets, the suggested prediction model demonstrated superior performance compared to alternative approaches in all relevant metrics, including accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, and false positive rate (FPR).

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Uplink Capacity Estimation and Enhancement in WCDMA Network

Fadoua Thami Alami, Noura Aknin, Ahmed El Moussaoui

Статья научная

Uplink planification in a WCDMA network consists of estimating the maximum capacity that a cell can support, by using the quality of service equation designed by (E_b)/(N_0). We are interested in this work on two different scenarios: an isolated cell and multiple cells. This capacity is adversely affected by interferences due to own mobile stations and to others belonging to neighboring cells. In order to enhance capacity and minimize the blocking probability of new requests in the cell, we have proposed a Freeing Resources algorithm which consists of releasing some mobile stations in the handover area with the overloaded cell. This algorithm is based on freeing 1, 2 and 3 mobile stations of 12.2 kbps and 1 mobile station of 64 kbps.

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Usability Evaluation Criteria for Internet of Things

Michael Onuoha Thomas, Beverly Amunga Onyimbo, Rajasvaran Logeswaran

Статья научная

The field of usability, user experience (UX) design and human-computer interaction (HCI) arose in the realm of desktop computers and applications. The current experience in computing has radically evolved into ubiquitous computing over the preceding years. Interactions these days take place on different devices: mobile phones, e-readers and smart TVs, amid numerous smart devices. The use of one service across multiple devices is, at present, common with different form factors. Academic researchers are still trying to figure out the best design techniques for new devices and experiences. The Internet of Things (IoT) is growing, with an ever wider range of daily objects acquiring connectivity, sensing ability and increased computing power. Designing for IoT raises a lot of challenges; the obvious difference being the much wider variety of device form factors. IoT is still a technically driven field, thus the usability of many of IoT products is, in some way, of the level anticipated of mature consumer products. This study focuses on proposing a usability evaluation criterion for the generic IoT architecture and essential technological components.

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Usability and Security in User Interface Design: A Systematic Literature Review

Ugochi Oluwatosin Nwokedi, Beverly Amunga Onyimbo, Babak Bashari Rad

Статья научная

Systems carry sensitive data where users are involved. There is need for security concern for the modern software applications. We can term them as 'untrusted clients'. Internet usage has rapidly grown over the years and, more users are opening their information system to their clientele, it is essential to understand users' data that need protecting and to control system access as well and the rights of users of the system. Because of today's increasingly nomadic lifestyle, where they allow users to connect to information systems from anywhere with all the devices in the market, the users need to carry part of the information system out of the secure infrastructure. Insecurity in user interfaces is caused by user ignoring functionalities in the system where some are not only a threat but can harm the system e.g. leaving network services active even though the user does not need them, or when a user is having little or no information of the available security measures. This research paper aims critically address through a review of existing literature, the importance of balance or trade-off between usability and the security of the system. Systematic review method involved a physical exploration of some conference proceedings and journals to conduct the literature review. Research questions relating to usability and security were asked and the criteria for usability and security evaluations were identified. This systematic literature review is valuable in closing the gap between usability and security in software development process, where usability and security engineering needs to be considered for a better quality end-user software.

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