This article presents a description of Khankarinsky Dol mound 34 on the left bank of the Inya River, 1–1.5 km southeast of Chineta, Krasnoshchekovsky District, Altai Territory. Excavations revealed a cist with a supine burial of a male, whose head was oriented to the east. Beyond the eastern wall of the cist, a horse cranium and three crania of sheep were placed. Features of the burial rite suggest that the burial belongs to the Korgantass type, which is distributed over the Altai-Sayan and Kazakhstan, with certain parallels in northern China. Principal categories of offerings are analyzed, including those associated with the horse. On their basis, the horse harness is reconstructed. On the basis of the typology of artifacts and radiocarbon analysis, the burial was dated to the 5th to 4th centuries BC (possibly late 5th to early 4th centuries BC). The Korgantass burials at Khankarinsky Dol and elsewhere in the Altai Mountains indicate a migration from the eastern part of the nomadic world, apparently from northern China or the Trans-Baikal region.

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A multidisciplinary study of Egyptian mummies from the Pushkin state museum of fine arts (methodical aspects)

Yatsishina E.B., Kartashov S.I., Ushakov V.L., Chichaev I.A., Vasilyev S.V., Galeev R.M., Borutskaya S.B., Nikitin A.S., Nikitin S.A., Vasilieva O.A., Dyuzheva O.P., Novikov M.M.

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A multidisciplinary study of burial mounds and a reconstruction of the climate of the Turan-Uyuk depression, Tuva, during the Scythian period

Kilunovskaya M.E., Semenov V.A., Glukhov V.O., Prikhodko V.E., Blyakharchuk T.A.

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A multidisciplinary study of finds from Suchu island (1973 season, excavation II, dwelling 1)

Medvedev V.E., Filatova I.V.

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A new approach to the study of archaeological charcoal: the case of metallurgical furnaces of the Southeastern Altai

Myglan V.S., Agatova A.R., Nepop R.K., Taynik A.V., Filatova M.O., Barinov V.V.

Статья научная

In recent years, dendrochronological analysis in archaeology has undergone a substantial transformation, offering an opportunity to use samples of wood that were previously considered uninformative. One striking example is the analysis of charcoal excavated from archaeological sites. We have studied 448 samples of charcoal collected from metallurgical (iron smelting) furnaces in the Kurai and Chuya basins of the Russian Altai Mountains. Earlier methods of preparing such samples were slow and ineffi cient. Our approach guarantees fast, simple, and high-quality preparation of a large number of samples of virtually any size and shape. Its advantages include low cost of apparatus, high quality measurement of annual rings, the possibility of effi cient remote measurement, no need for verifi cation, and a wider range of measured parameters of the annual ring. Hopefully, the new approach will help to solve the critical problem relating to the construction of a tree-ring chronology in the arid zone of Southern Siberia. Such a c hronology will be highly prospective for assessing the age of wood from numerous mounds in the intermountain depressions of the Altai- Sayan region, and year-by-year reconstructions of the humidity regime; and for revealing extreme droughts and other climatic phenomena in this territory.

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A new type of Iup settlement in the Selenga river basin, Northern Mongolia: the Kharganyn gol-13 short-term occupation site

Rybin E.P., Marchenko D.V., Bolorbat Ts., Khatsenovich A.M., Klementiev A.M., Gunchinsuren B.

Статья научная

Here we outline the results of excavations at a recently discovered Initial Upper Paleolithic site, Kharganyn Gol-13, located on a tributary of the Selenga River in northern Mongolia. The Selenga valley and those of its tributaries were key routes along which humans dispersed during the Initial Upper Paleolithic. The concentration of sites of that period is highest here. Most are situated near outcrops of lithic raw material and are classifi ed as relatively long-term quarry-workshops. Excavations at Kharganyn Gol-13 have revealed a single cultural layer in sediments damaged by bioturbation and slope processes. We describe the stratigraphy and spatial structure of the site and its lithic industry, which is shown to belong to the Initial Upper Paleolithic, being dominated by opposite platform bidirectional blade reduction. Analysis of the lithics reveals a lack of available raw materials nearby. Apparently, cores brought to the site were already prepared. All cores are heavily reduced and scarce, tools are frequent. The concentration of lithics is low. We conclude that the site, located at a distance from outcrops of suitable rocks on Selenga River tributaries, was a short-term camp associated with a specifi c activity.

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A periodization of the timber-grave culture in the Western Orenburg region: archaeological and natural science-based evidence

Kuptsova L.V., Morgunova N.L., Salugina N.P., Khokhlova O.S.

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A ritual complex with deer stones at Uushigiin Uvur, Mongolia: composition and construction stages (based on the 2013 excavations)

Kovalev A.A., Rukavishnikova I.V., Erdenebaatar D.

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A runic inscription at Kalbak-Tash II, Central Altai, with reference to the location of the AZ tribe

Kubarev G.V.

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A runic inscription at Sarykoby (Southeastern Altai)

Erdal M., Kubarev G.V.

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A study of Bronze age ceramics from the forest zone of Eastern Europe: what does the term “Fatyanovo-like” mean?

Volkova E.V.

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A study of finds from excavation I at Suchu island, the Lower Amur (the 1974 field season)

Medvedev V.E., Filatova I.V.

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A study of human bones from a dwelling at Ust-Voikar, in the subarctic zone of Western Siberia

Batanina O.V., Garkusha Y.N., Novikov A.V., Pozdnyakov D.V., Zubova A.V.

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A study of silk fabric from the Xiongnu age under-headdress discovered at Yaloman II mound 51 in the Central Altai

Tishkin A.A., Orfinskaya O.V.

Статья научная

We describe a large fragment of fabric from the under-headdress excavated from mound 51 at Yaloman II—a site on a high terrace near the place where the Bolshoy Yaloman fl ows into the Katun, Central Altai. Various criteria, including radiocarbon analysis, suggest that the burial dates to the Xiongnu Age (200 BC to 100 AD). The structure of the textile was assessed microscopically. On the basis of morphological criteria, the fi bers were identifi ed as silk. The fabric is described according to the accepted international standards. Results attest to the use of a treadle loom for producing polychrome silk fabric, from which the early nomads sewed a headdress in the form of a cap or bonnet. Such a prestigious material was produced in limited quantities in China to decorate details of clothing worn by the elite. Decorative silk items could have been imported from there to the Altai as gifts received by the leader of the nomadic Xiongnu Empire in Inner Asia. The Altai was part of this empire, as demonstrated by the entire assemblage of funerary items from Yaloman II.

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A zoomorphic antler staff from an Early Neolithic burial at Pushkinsky, the Orenburg region

Morgunova N.L.

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Abbreviations

Другой

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Aborigines or migrants? A new stage in the Okunev origin debate

Kozintsev A.G.

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Above-ground frame buildings in Western Siberia: archaeological and ethnographic parallels

Adayev V.N., Zimina O.Y.

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Aktas-an “ephemeral” Upper Paleolithic site in North Kazakhstan

Anoikin A.A., Klementiev A.M., Zotkina L.V., Kurbanov R.N., Kharevich V.M., Bocharova E.N., Taimagambetov Z.K.

Статья научная

This paper presents new findings from field studies at Aktas, an Upper Paleolithic site first excavated in 1982 and 1983. It is located in North Kazakhstan, where Paleolithic sites are quite rare. We describe the stratigraphy, paleontology, archaeology, and chronology of Aktas. Six lithological layers are distinguished, two of which (3 and 4) abound in faunal remains. Chronology was generated from a new series of OSL-ages. The accumulation of layer 2 took place between ca 20–12 ka ago, whereas layers 3 and 4 were formed ca 50–30 ka ago. A side-scraper, made of imported flint, was found. The bulk of the faunal complex relates to large ungulates such as Pleistocene horse (Equus ferus), woolly rhinoceros (Coelodonta antiquitatis), and mountain sheep (Ovis ammon). Some bones bear traces of deliberate fragmentation and dismemberment using stone tools. These facts, along with the taphocenotic indicators (species composition, absence of traces of predator activity, etc.), as well as the location and stratigraphy of the site, allow us to conclude that the faunal assemblages at this location are anthropogenic. Traces of human occupation are scarce, suggesting that Aktas is an “ephemeral” site, attesting to human presence in that territory during the Late Pleistocene, but revealing no cultural indicators. The findings picture Aktas as a kill-site—the place where the prey was butchered and consumed. This is the only such site known in the area to date. The number of lithics is too small for cultural attribution. However, the estimated age suggests that North Kazakhstan was peopled as early as the beginning of MIS3, corresponding to the early stages of the Upper Paleolithic.

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