Статьи журнала - Archaeology, Ethnology & Anthropology of Eurasia

Classification of 9th-13th century arrowheads found in Azerbaijan

Akhmedov S.A.

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Collection related to the Omaguaca Indians from the Pucara de Tilcara fortress, Northwestern Argentina, at the Museum of anthropology and ethnography RAS, St. Petersburg: tentative findings

Dmitrenko L.M., Zubova A.V.

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Comparative characteristics of stone tools from the Neolithic sites on the Upper and Middle Kama

Lychagina E.L., Mitroshin E.N., Poplevko G.N.

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Composite belt ornaments with bear claw pieces in medieval men's costume of the Perm region, Western Urals

Krylasova N.B., Danich A.V.

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Comprehensive geophysical studies at the Suzdal Opolye settlements

Zhurbin I.V., Fedorina A.N.

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Con moong cave: a stratified late pleistocene and early holocene site in northern vietnam

Kandyba A.V., Gladyshev S.A., Chekha A.M., Derevianko A.P., Su N.K., Doi N.G.

Статья

Here, we outline the fi ndings of comprehensive archaeological studies in Con Moong Cave, northern Vietnam, carried out by the Russian-Vietnamese Expedition, with the participation of Australian specialists, in 2010–2014. The cave is a stratifi ed site, whose habitation deposits span a period beginning ca 42 ka BP. A detailed description of fi nds is provided. Diachronic changes in artifact types, use of raw materials, and technology are presented. Lithics from layers K–S represent the Early Upper Paleolithic Sơn Vi culture. Finds from layer K include core-shaped debris, fl akes, and a discoidal side-scraper (or sumatralith). Tools were made on quartzite pebbles. Finds from layer L, dating to ca 36 ka BP, attest to substantial changes in the choice of lithic raw material: in addition to quartzite, mostly andesite and, less often, limestone, basalt, and certain sedimentary rocks were employed. Primary reduction was not preceded by preparation of nuclei. Flakes are large and medium-sized. Tools include a sumatralith and an end-scraper. The richest material comes from Con Moong layers Q and S, dating to 26–21 ka BP. Preforms consist of pebble cores with unprepared striking platforms. Nuclei include fl at-parallel, radial, and irregular varieties. New tools in the assemblage include choppers, longitudinal and transverse convergent side-scrapers, and discoidal sumatraliths, as well as Hoabinhian axes and a unilateral axe (sumatralith). We conclude that archaeological remains from Con Moong Cave provide evidence of the evolution of the Sơn Vi culture from its emergence to its replacement by the Hoabinhian Technocomplex ~25 ka BP. Lithic industries from layers K and L correlate with one of the earliest stages in the peopling of this region by Homo sapiens.

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Continuity and change in the late Pleistocene lithic industries of the Central Zagros: a typo-technological analysis of lithic assemblages from Ghar-e Khar cave, Bisotun, Iran

Shidrang S., Bordes J.G., Jaubert J., Biglari F.

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Cranial injuries in the late Bronze and early iron age population of the Shnogh river basin, Armenia

Khudaverdyan A.Y., Hobosyan S.G.

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Cranial traumas in a sample from the Pucar'a de Tilcara fortress (Jujuy province, Argentina)

Zubova A.V., Dmitrenko L.M., Ananyeva N.I., Stulov I.K., Andreev E.V.

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We analyze injuries in the cranial sample from the Pucará de Tilcara fortress, dating to the time of the Inca conquest. Analysis of violence markers, carried out by visual examination and computed tomography, and the comparison of results with those relating to samples from the Regional Development Period of the Quebrada de Humahuaca valley, suggest that although the violence level remained high, its nature could have changed after the arrival of the Inca. The female sample reveals just two perimortal injuries, no trophy skulls were found, and the frequency of nasal bone fractures is higher than in earlier samples. This may indicate lower level of between-group fi ghting for control over resources, and higher risk of interpersonal violence. The observed pattern suggests that having arrived in the Quebrada de Humahuaca region, the Inca eased political tension by establishing control over trade routes and the distribution of arable land areas, which had previously been the main cause of local armed clashes. The infl uence of artifi cial cranial modifi cations on the pathological and traumatic status of individuals was also analyzed. Two types of modifi cation were recorded in the sample—fronto-occipital tabular oblique and fronto-occipital tabular straight. None of them caused pathological changes or a decrease in the thickness of cranial bones.

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Craniotomy as a prehistoric medical practice: a case of antemortem cranial trepanation in Southern Siberia in the Late Bronze Age

Chikisheva T.A., Pozdnyakov D.V., Volkov P.V., Krivoshapkin A.L.

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Cruciform signs decorating Paleolithic bone artifacts from Cherno-Ozerye II, the Middle Irtysh area

Schmidt I.V.

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Cultural and technological characteristics of Russian forged iron tools from the Selkup cemetery Migalka in the Middle Ob basin

Chindina L.A., Zinyakov N.M.

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Cultural attribution of Early Bronze Age tombs under kurgans in Azerbaijan

Gasymov P.P.

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Cultural interaction patterns in the Bronze Age: ritual bronze artifacts from Korea and Japan

Nesterkina A.L., Solovieva E.A., Gnezdilova I.S.

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Cultural ties across taiga and steppe: material culture from the medieval Lower Angara river and Prospikhinskaya Shivera IV

Senotrusova P.O., Mandryka P.V.

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D.G. Messerschmidt’s collection of Siberian antiquities in drawings at the St. Petersburg Archive of the Academy of Sciences

Tunkina I.V.

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This study focuses on the drawings of items collected during D.G. Messerschmidt's fi rst multidisciplinary expedition to Siberia in 1719–1727. Pictures of the artifacts have been preserved among the documents held by the Academy of Sciences Archive in the personal papers of the traveler, which includes his fi eld journals, the appendices of his reports to the Pharmaceutical (Medical) Registry, and a large handwritten treatise “Sibiria Perlustrata” (1727), outlining the expedition's fi ndings. In 1728, Messerschmidt's archaeological collection was included as part of Peter the Great's Siberian Collection, exhibited at the Kunstkamera. Watercolor and pencil drawings and engravings depicting the exhibits are identifi ed. Handwritten descriptions and drawings of the items have made it possible to a certain extent to reconstruct the fi rst encyclopedist's Siberian archaeological collection, which perished during the 1747 fi re at the Kunstkamera. As Messerschmidt's graphic works demonstrate, he documented items spanning the time from the Bronze Age to the Late Middle Ages and covering the territory from the Urals to the Trans-Baikal region, including things imported from Western Europe, China, and Central Asia. Also, he collected archaeological items representing virtually all cultures of the Minusinsk Basin. It is concluded that in the fi rst third of the 18th century, Messerschmidt's collection was the world's largest and most representative assemblage of artifacts from northeastern Eurasia.

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Deciduous human teeth from the Upper Paleolithic site of Yudinovo,Western Russia

Zubova A.V., Moiseyev V.G., Khlopachev G.A., Kulkov A.M.

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Decorative belts of Xianbei period nomads from Karban I, Northern Altai

Seregin N.N., Demin M.A., Matrenin S.S.

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In 1989–1990, five decorative belts worn by the Xianbei Period nomads were excavated from the Karban I cemetery in the Chemalsky District, Altai Republic. Their details (33 plaques, five buckles, six “units”, and two “pendant tips”) were found in four undisturbed graves of males (mounds 11, 27, 33, and 39). They are described with regard to function, decoration, and chronology. Parallels from the Altai and adjacent territories, dating to the late 1st millennium BC–early 1st millennium AD, are listed. A more precise attribution is the Early Xianbei Period (100–300 AD), correlating with the Bulan-Koby culture of the Altai. Available facts suggest that the style of these artifacts was influenced by the Xiongnu and Xianbei traditions. On the basis of the finds in situ, several variants of belt sets, some of which are hitherto unknown, have been reconstructed. The composition of the belts is unrelated to the owners' age and evidently mirrors their personal preferences. The results demonstrate the social relevance of the belts, since most were found in burials of top-ranking males.

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Dendrochronological methods in the architectural and ethnographic study of Russian towns in Siberia: the case of Tara, Omsk region

Sidorova M.O., Zharnikov Z.Y., Myglan V.S., Mainicheva A.Y., Dorzhu Z.Y.

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