Журнал Сибирского федерального университета. Серия: Техника и технологии @technologies-sfu
Статьи журнала - Журнал Сибирского федерального университета. Серия: Техника и технологии
Все статьи: 1447
The numerical probabilistic approach to the processing and presentation of remote monitoring data
Статья научная
The paper deals with a numerical probabilistic analysis as a method of processing and presentation of remote monitoring for the aggregation large amounts of data. For the aggregation we used histograms, polygons and splines. On the basis of aggregated data to identify relationships between the input and output characteristics are studied the theoretical and the practical aspects of regression modeling. On the basis of numerical examples we demonstrated the effi ciency and reliability of the proposed methods.
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The performance of classifiers in the task of thematic processing of hyperspectral images
Статья научная
The performance of the spectral classification methods is analyzed for the problem of hyperspectral remote sensing of soil and vegetation. The characteristic features of metric classifi ers, parametric Bayesian classifiers and multiclass support vector machines are discussed. The results of classifi cation of hyperspectral airborne images by using the specifi ed above methods and comparative analysis are demonstrated. The advantages of the use of nonlinear classifiers are shown. It is also shown, the similarity of the results of some modifications of support vector machines and Bayesian classifi cation.
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Статья научная
The article considers the issue for development of the computer-aided program designed for determining optimal location of installation of symmetry facilities in 0.4 kV power supply systems with the motor-drive load in conditions of imbalance of voltages. The program is aimed at making electrotechnical calculations during designing, modernization and operation of electrical grids with available motor drive load. It ensures plotting of schematic circuits for 0.4 kV power supply system sections with installed symmetry facilities. The software program provides for calculating different symmetry options and selecting the most economically feasible one. Using the program in motor- drive load power supply systems will enhance the asynchronous motor reliability and efficiency. The program is of interest during development of the power supply system projects for the regions with available non-linear loads.
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Статья научная
One of the sources of environmental pollution with hazardous substances, primarily heavy metals, is the electroplating industry. The prevention of pollution of water bodies with wastewater containing heavy metal ions is closely related to reducing the consumption of fresh water for the technological needs of production and to reducing the amount of effluent. One of the solutions to this problem is to create low-waste and waste-free environmentally safe technological processes of wastewater treatment using treated effluents in the recirculation system, which reduces the negative impact on the environment. The results of studying the sorption properties of the natural modified mineral Akdolit-Gran prove a high efficiency of this sorption filling when conditioning electroplating shop effluents contaminated with a complex of heavy metals. Taking into account a relatively low cost of this natural mineral, Akdolit-Gran has the advantages in terms of its economic feasibility, plus the high degree of extraction of metals using this sorbent together with its low consumption allows designing recirculation systems for industrial enterprises meeting the requirements for physical and chemical parameters of service water.
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Статья научная
The article presents a reasonable method of calculating the angles of elevation of short radio waves with the influence of regular and random inhomogeneities of the ionosphere. The method calculates short radio waves (HF) through the horizontal inhomogeneous scattering ionosphere. The technique is based on application of the law of refraction of Snell’s for well-known models of the ionosphere and its evolution in the irregular parts. The description of the program to calculate the angles of radiation and reception HF is presented. The results of calculating the angles of arrival are compared with measurements of angles of arrival of HF. We obtained the best agreement between the experimental and the calculated resultsl of arrival angles of HF than for the regular ionosphere. The use of techniques is discussed in the article.
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The speed electromagnetic wave propagation in the snow-ice underlying surface
Статья научная
The results calculations the electromagnetic wave propagation velocity in the snow-ice cover depending on the density, the proportion liquid water content, and the propagation speeds the electromagnetic wave in dry snow, dry firn, and dry ice vary very markedly depending on the proportion liquid water content, the preferred orientation, and the shape ice and air structure are presented. The inclusions in the snow.The performed estimates the complex relative permittivity the medium that determines the speed propagation electromagnetic waves show a noticeable influence the density, the proportion liquid water content and the structure the underlying surface (snow, firn, ice), which allows identifying the layers the underlying surface in order to remotely determine the possibility landing a helicopter-type aircraft on an unprepared site with snow-ice cover.Shown, when the portion the water content in the medium is equal to zero, which is typical for negative temperatures, the speed propagation electromagnetic waves in the medium will depend on the density the medium and structure the dry ice in a small range of 1 m/µs temperature. In dry snow, vertically and horizontally elongated or spherical inclusions make a significant contribution to the change in the speed propagation the electromagnetic wave. At zero temperature, in the frequency range of 2 ... 8 GHz, the share water content in the medium, the density and structure the medium will play a determining role in the speed propagation an electromagnetic wave in the medium.The purpose this article is to determine the change ranges speed propagation electromagnetic waves in snow-ice the underlying surface depending on the density, structure, water content to restore the structure the snow and ice according to radar sensing, a more accurate determination the depth snow and thickness ice cover used in the assessment the possibility the safe landing an aircraft the helicopter type on an unprepared ground with snow-ice cover.
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The structure and magnetic properties of Fe-Mn-C alloy
Статья научная
The structure of intergranular borders in Fe-Mn-C alloy has been investigated. Importance of Fe-Mn-C alloys researches connecting with their wide use in machine industry as constructional materials. In this work an attempt to find out the physical nature of high shock viscosity of Fe-Mn-C alloy, mechanical and magnetic properties, calculation of intergranular borders electronic structure is made.
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Статья научная
The aim of the work is to develop techniques for detecting weediness in agricultural crops based on the use of the VARI vegetation index, calculated from the PlanetScope satellite data. The territories of the Krasnoyarsk Agricultural Research Institute of the Federal Research Center of the Krasnoyarsk Science Center of SB RAS near the village Minino (Central Siberia, Krasnoyarsk Region) were used as the object of the research. To calculate the vegetation index VARI of grain crops, the algorithm for receiving and processing PlanetScope satellite data was developed. On its basis, a map of the spatial distribution of the VARI index for wheat crops with various degrees of weediness was made. According to the satellite data of PlanetScope (VARI), possibility to interpret the areas of wheat sowing with a high and low degree of weediness during the growing season is shown. It was revealed that the VARI value of wheat crops with a low degree of infestation is greater than the VARI value of wheat crops with a high degree of infestation.
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Статья научная
There is studied the possibility of increasing the quality of cryptocrystalline graphite which is connected with searching for more complete opening, the aggregates of graphite and ash admixtures. To achieve this purpose, there was used mechanoactivation and microbiological processing. The developed technology including mechanoactivation, sintering, chemical and microbiological processing, allows to reduce the ash content of cryptocrystalline graphite from 20-25 down to 1-10 % depending on the initial quality and the area of using graphite
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Статья научная
A description and capabilities developed computer models on research of methods developed high-precision navigation used in the software and hardware complex modeling processes positioning and measurement of the spatial orientation of the spacecraft at the low orbit and the GSO.
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Статья научная
The effect of hydrorefining of heavy coal semicoking tar on its composition and efficiency for bituminous coal dissolution was studied. It was found that the concentration of the oxygen-bearing compounds decreased as a result of catalytic hydrotreating with hydrogen or with hydrogen donors. This resulted in improved dissolving power. However, best result in coal dissolution was achieved when heavy semicoking tar was blended with the anthracene oil. The products obtained represented at ambient temperature solid pitch-like matter with the softening points of 124 to 138 °С (“ring and ball” method). It was composed of mainly bi- and three-cyclic aromatics, the content of quinoline-insolubles being less than 6 %, and the ash content less than 0.5 %.
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Thermodynamic stability of intermetallic compounds in technical aluminum
Статья научная
For the following systems Al-Ti, Al-Ni, Al-Zr, Al-Cr, Al-Fe, Al-V the wide range of intermetallic compounds based on aluminum was considered. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs energy and formation enthalpy characterizing the properties of resulting intermetallic compounds were calculated. The relations of these two characteristics versus temperature were established in a wide range. On the basis of the obtained relations the comparative assessment of the compound stability for each binary system was carried out. The level of each intermetallic compound stability was revealed on the ground of the affinity with aluminum. The possibilities of practical application of obtained data for actual metallurgical tasks were defi ned.
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Time deviations of physical properties of natural minerals
Статья научная
The opportunity of inversion the spin is shown at the several of configuration of defects in the second coordination of sphere. The principle of calculation of energy of cationic vacancies is offered. The condition of splitting of single levels of cationic vacancies in the power zone is certain. It is proved, that inversion the spin - result of transition of vacancy on an extrinsic level.
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Статья научная
trace elements in agate from Permian volcanics (Nowy Kościoł, Poland) in low concentrations and with high spatial resolution. The used LA-ICP-MS system consists of a DUV 193 laser ablation system linked to a Thermo Finnigan Element 2 mass spectrometer. The use of a 193 nm ArF excimer laser (50-200 mJ energy output) and the standards NIST 611 and NIST 612 enables to produce and analyse small crater diameters down to 5 μm. Trace-element profiles have been analyzed for the elements Ti, Ge, Al, Fe, Mn, U, Th, Ba, Sr, Rb, Cs, and Y in the ppm- and sub-ppm level. The concentrations of the REE are sometimes below the detection limit of the method. Almost all elements (except Cu) display higher contents in chalcedony than in the macrocrystalline quartz. Fe, for instance, shows a 100 times higher concentration in agate bands compared to quartz, which may be due to finely distributed iron oxide particles in the chalcedony which probably act as colour pigments. The trace elements in agate are released simultaneously with Si during alteration of the surrounding volcanic rocks. Oxygen isotope data indicate that silica accumulation and agate formation took place at temperatures below 120°C. The characteristic trace-element distribution patterns in agate result from a self-purification process during crystallization of chalcedony and quartz from a silica gel.
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Статья научная
Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was applied to detect trace elements in agate from Permian volcanics (Nowy Kościoł, Poland) in low concentrations and with high spatial resolution. The used LA-ICP-MS system consists of a DUV 193 laser ablation system linked to a Thermo Finnigan Element 2 mass spectrometer. The use of a 193 nm ArF excimer laser (50-200 mJ energy output) and the standards NIST 611 and NIST 612 enables to produce and analyse small crater diameters down to 5 μm. Trace-element profiles have been analyzed for the elements Ti, Ge, Al, Fe, Mn, U, Th, Ba, Sr, Rb, Cs, and Y in the ppm- and sub-ppm level. The concentrations of the REE are sometimes below the detection limit of the method. Almost all elements (except Cu) display higher contents in chalcedony than in the macrocrystalline quartz. Fe, for instance, shows a 100 times higher concentration in agate bands compared to quartz, which may be due to finely distributed iron oxide particles in the chalcedony which probably act as colour pigments. The trace elements in agate are released simultaneously with Si during alteration of the surrounding volcanic rocks. Oxygen isotope data indicate that silica accumulation and agate formation took place at temperatures below 120°C. The characteristic trace-element distribution patterns in agate result from a self-purification process during crystallization of chalcedony and quartz from a silica gel.
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Traffic noise forecasting on Tashkent city main streets
Статья научная
Traffic noise is considered to be the most important that must be eliminated within the environmental problems of cities, as well as lead to various diseases of the population living in the roadside area. The article analyzes the work done to date on this topic, and for the first time examines the relationship between traffic flow and its impact on the noise level, which is the main source of traffic noise on the main streets of Tashkent. Traffic noise measured by GOST 20444-2014 «Noise. Traffic flow. According to» methods of measuring noise description « conducted in the 1 class NORSONIC140(Nor140) noise according to GOST17187-2010(IES61672-2002). Also, on the basis of the research, a model for forecasting traffic noise on the main streets of Tashkent was developed and compared with other models.
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Статья научная
At present, the process of converting potential energy concentrated in the surrounding air is of considerable interest when using its active component. For many years, searches have been made for ways to increase the efficiency of existing energy sources, the continued study of which would not lead to environmental consequences for mankind. Much attention of scientists is attracted by the problems of energy inversion. And the most acute issue is the control of energy inversion, which is a single process of energy transformation from one state to another, occurring simultaneously in the “concentration-dispersion” format in the surrounding air. This kind of opportunity to use ambient air as renewable energy sources is provided by air heat pump systems, the heat supply of which is practically the only effective, environmentally friendly source of heat supply in buildings at present. However, modern air heat pump systems cannot be attributed to systems operating only on renewable energy sources, since their operation requires, according to the technology, a certain amount of electrical energy to start the compressor engine, which ensures the operation of a closed compression cycle of the evaporative-condensation unit. At present, it is not possible to achieve a full autonomous mode of operation of an air heat pump system without the use of an additional energy source. Continuing the innovative and effective way of developing the extraction of the surrounding air for the purpose of obtaining thermal and electrical energy, scientists propose to use the capabilities of modern quantum wave technology, based on thermodynamics and electrodynamics. To solve this problem, they followed the path of development of modern electronics, realizing that electrons - “quanta” determine the vast majority of the physical and chemical properties of the bodies around us. Such a process of heat and mass transfer, in the conditions of the surrounding air, under the influence of external forces of the energy field, is the environment in which natural and artificial electric currents propagate.
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Tsunami chronology supporting late Holocene impacts
Статья научная
The Holocene Impact Working Group (HIWG) has identified the location of at least eight impacts into the worlds oceans in the Late Holocene. Each of these was capable of generating large tsunami that should have left a geological footprint on adjacent shorelines. We have identified from shoreline tsunami deposits five known impact events (Fig. 1), two of which are associated with impact craters identified by the HIWG. The other three are associated with legends and historical descriptions. This paper presents the chronology of tsunami events in New South Wales (NSW) and Western Australia (WA)-on opposite coasts of Australia, and in the UK that are linked to impact events.
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Статья научная
The article deals with the unique alloy on the basis of titanium nickelide with thermomechanical shape memory. It is spoken in detail about the alloy’s memory effect phenomenology. The main reasons constraining the application of alloys with shape memory in the production technologies in different branches of technology, including constructing industry are reflected. The effi cient area of possible application of that kind of alloys is shown. In this article is also proposed a method of calculation of power elements, executed from titanium nickelide alloy, and also the examples of alloy’s application in practice. It is shown that the offered technique of a preliminary temperature cycling of power elements made of titanium nickelide allows to reach the maximum possible straining and power characteristics.
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Use of the cluster analysis and artificial neural network technology for log data interpretation
Статья научная
Methods of the cluster analysis and artificial neural networks implemented in Schlumberger Techlog software modules were used for processing and interpretation of data on wells from the Verkhnechonskoe Oil and Gas Condensate Field. It was demonstrated that clusterization of data allows for significant improvement in reliability and accuracy of lithotype determinations as well as porosity and permeability of rocks.
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