Управление в социально-экономических системах. Рубрика в журнале - Вестник Южно-Уральского государственного университета. Серия: Компьютерные технологии, управление, радиоэлектроника
Analysis of methods of project management in aspect of security
Статья научная
Modern information society is characterized by intensive penetration of information technology (IT) in all spheres of life. Modern socio-economic systems are in constant evolution, increasing their complexity and number of indicators required for analysis. The problem of technogenic energy security 70 % associated with the human factor. Modern information society is characterized by increased risks. Damages from technological disasters, accidents commensurate with the annual GDP growth. Information-analytical system of project management based on complex mathematical models of the functioning of the stakeholders allows minimizing the social risks as a result of consideration of the interests of functioning of the parties. However, for successful implementation of the project to implement the information-analytical system in the modern information society it is necessary to evaluate further the didactic risks associated with the training of stakeholders, i.e. with the formation of the corresponding competences, taking into account their basic education and work experience. The increase in the number of indicators of socio-economic systems and the role of the human factor leads to increasing damage and number of unsuccessful projects. Based on the review of the project management concluded that the need for a systematic approach to the impact of risks. First, for the implementation of methods that minimizes economic risks in connection with the registration and processing of a large amount of input information necessary to evaluate the risks of the implementation of information-measuring systems. Secondly, the implementation of information-analytical systems and compensation plans to reduce social risks, it is necessary to consider the risks, considering the dynamics of the development of enterprises. Thirdly, to implement the method of management of educational trajectories on the basis of classification of competences, allowing minimizing the didactic risks, it is necessary to consider the risks based on the experience of the staff.
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Application of fuzzy logic to assess banks' credit risk
Статья научная
The banking system is a constantly evolving system. The information environment of the bank is growing, the volumes of processed information are increasing due to the growth of users and banking products. To reduce risks, banks make a financial assessment of the situation of individuals and legal entities. The aim of the work is to develop fuzzy multi-connected models designed to predict the receipt of a positive or negative decision to receive a banking product. The decision is made based on scoring. Scoring consists in assigning points for completing a certain questionnaire developed by underwriters of credit risk assessors. Based on the results of the points gained, the system automatically makes a decision on approving or refusing to issue a loan. Different banks have different scoring models. Purpose of the study. The paper considers the use of fuzzy models for making a decision by a bank to issue a banking product that implements the concept of “soft computing”. Methods. The use of fuzzy logic methods in credit scoring is not new, but it is not widely used in practice because it is expensive to integrate into existing systems. Each bank uses its own indicators of the client's financial reliability in scoring. Most of the indicators in banks are the same, but when deciding to issue different banking products, they have different numerical values. The data of the standard scoring methodology of a real bank were taken as the initial data. To predict a bank's decision to issue a banking product to a client, a fuzzy model was applied, production rules were proposed, and membership functions were determined. The model focused on the simultaneous processing of incoming data from multiple clients and for different banks and different scoring models. Results. The developed mathematical model for assessing the client's rating and predicting the decision to receive a banking product based on the fuzzy inference rule. The obtained results are proposed to be used in a multi-banking web-oriented system of providing banking products to corporate clients.
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Статья научная
This article focuses on the issues of the practical application of the principles of business process reengineering during the implementation of the project on improvement of the automated system for operational control at the foundry of PJSC “UEC-UMPO” (Public Joint Stock Company “UEC-Ufa Engine Industrial Association”) during the introduction of ERP Infor LN. The essence of the application of the principles of “development of various versions of the project”, and “rationalization of horizontal links” is described in more detail. Application of the principle “development of various versions of the business processes” enables to implementation accounting of the division of one batch of castings into several parts during technological operations. Application of the principle “rationalization of horizontal links” creates the conditions for the formation of common information space for foundry management. This space is related to engineering design issues, process engineering issues, and issues of implementation and management of production processes. Even though reengineering involves “revolutionary” business process change, the use of its principles in the evolutionary path of development is also economically effective and at the same time reduces the risks of project failure. Thus, a simulation of the business process of management of finishing operations during the manufacture of castings performed in BPMN 2.0 showed a reduction in the duration of the processes by more than 15 %. Aim. Building a foundry management model in a single information space of the enterprise using the principles of reengineering business processes in the aspect of the management of finished operations. Materials and methods. The application of the principles of reengineering business processes to the management of finishing operations in the foundry, BPMN-modeling. Results. With the application of the principle of rationalization of horizontal connections, it becomes possible to transmit data from the ERP system to the CAD system and vice versa. A single information space of enterprise management is formed, which allows you to bring together all management functions. Conclusion. In this regard, it becomes possible to identify “narrow” places in the management of the foundry and take measures to eliminate them. To increase the level of information exchange between all divisions of the enterprise, which will create a closed production control circuit and will significantly increase the efficiency of using Infor LN.
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Статья научная
The guarantee of safe work with information and measuring systems is the implementation of necessary measures that minimize all existing risks, taking into account their degree of influence on safety. These requirements are determined by the need to take into account all risks and interests involved in the implementation of new information technologies. The purpose of the study is to build models for creating and evaluating the effectiveness of systems that provide security when working with information and measurement systems on the basis of a systematic approach to taking into account the impact of risks. To determine the necessary set of measures to ensure security, a model for creating a security system was built. To take into account the interests of all those involved in the process of implementing new information technologies, a model for assessing the effectiveness of the security system has been built. The requirements for the creation and evaluation of the security system are fulfilled by attracting representatives of all the new information technologies involved in the implementation process to the expert group. The example of Chelyabinsk CHPP-2, which operates an automated system of integrated energy accounting, describes the process of building models for creating and evaluating the effectiveness of systems that provide security when working with information and measurement systems. The developed algorithm and the design program of the system providing safety when working with information and measuring systems have made it possible to increase the effectiveness of measures to ensure safe operation at Chelyabinsk CHPP-2. This program will be implemented at energy-intensive enterprises in Chelyabinsk.
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Статья научная
Innovative way of development of the economy requires the use of appropriate methods to manage this development, both at the state and at the individual companies’ level. However modernization of traditional management methods by itself doesn't bring the expected efficiency. Deve¬lopment and search of the new concepts and approaches corresponding to essence of innovative processes is necessary. In this regard, mathematical modeling that requires development of effective computing schemes, models and algorithms, is playing an important role. The paper presents an algorithm for constructing a model for managing the trajectories of innovative development based on their integral characteristics. On the basis of the offered model it is possible to analyze functions of the income, costs, economic efficiency, to define the optimum time moment of starting new trajectories, in this case the requirement of continuity and convexity is not required.
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Control of the regional social resource dynamic based on the regression-differential simulation
Статья научная
In this paper, we adopted a linear combination of normalized partial criteria from the publicly available statistical data as the assessment of the social resource development. We have shown the stability of their ranking to the small possible errors of the expert determination of ranks. We demonstrated impossibility of applying traditional econometric models to solve this task. We developed a model based on the second order regression differential equation allowing predict consequences of solutions on the development of the social resource in a tactical perspective. The peculiarity of this model is in use of the publicly available statistical factors, for which we determined their relative importance, coefficients of mutual influence, best approximation between values of the annual statistical series and other adaptation model parameters. We determined positive and negative forecast areas and gave recommendations for improvement of the social resource dynamics.
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Current trends in personnel training in the United States industry
Статья научная
The purpose of this article is to familiarize the audience with the current trends in personnel training in the United States industry. Currently, the personnel training area in the United States is experiencing many challenges. To survive in the new environment, the personnel training field must reinvent itself. The authors reflect on the factors that are either conducive to or have a negative impact on personnel training. The article examines the methods that the personnel training discipline uses to successfully adapt to the new environment. Moreover, the personnel training field helps to shape the industry’s employee of the future. The authors also attempt to forecast the impending changes in personnel training by examining the current trends in corporate education. Target audiences for this article include HR Analysts, Training Managers, Vendor Relationship Managers, and business owners who are interested in building and maintaining a modern workforce of productive and committed employees.
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Статья научная
We consider the problem of phased implementation of automated information-measuring systems at thermal power plants, economic efficiency of which is determined by their reliability, cost, volume, automated, errors of measurement, number of measuring channels, level of qualification and number of staff, as well as the impact on the performance of automated control systems and power equipment. The article formulates principles for decision-making in the application of automated information-measuring systems for thermal power plants based on the analysis of experience. In the first part of the review describes the experience of using workstations for electricity metering and registering of vibration condition of equipment and emergency situations. There are recommendations for the transition to the next stage of automation. In the second part of the review describes the experience of implementing a second stage of automation to account for the power and energy, technical diagnostics of turbine equipment and registration of emergency events. In the third part of the review we consider the problem of searching for invalid the loss of energy and technical diagnostics of measuring channels of automated information-measuring systems, as well as recommendations for the conduct of personnel policy. The recommendation is focused mainly on thermal power plants not equipped with full-scale automated control systems of technological processes.
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Статья научная
There are three main problems of interaction people with limited mobility with social infrastructure facilities (SIF): the first is physical, the second is the inaccessibility of information about the SIF, and the third is social. The accessibility of SIF and information about it can be ensured through use electronic maps of urban areas and SIF (digital city). These circumstances determine the relevance of the development and creation of a geoinformation support system for decision support in the field of social infrastructure accessibility for people with limited mobility. An original approach to the development and creation of technology to meet the needs for obtaining formalized spatial data, as a social tool for geographic orientation, an information and reference system for supporting decision-making in the field of social development is proposed. The purpose of the study is to develop a system for managing and monitoring the city’s social infrastructure facilities. Materials and methods. The conceptual model of the system was developed using GIS technologies and the theory of formal concept analysis (FCA). The online version is implemented using PHP, JavaScript. Results. The paper presents a methodology for implementing a decision support system. An Internet version of the system has been implemented. The system functionality and interface were tested with the involvement focus groups of people, interested in using the development. Conclusion. A system for managing and monitoring city’s social infrastructure facilities has been developed and implemented. The work is useful in the field of municipal management of social infrastructure, as well as for people with disabilities and researchers.
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Diagnostic model of management risk analysis
Статья научная
Much attention in scientific and scientific-practical publications is given to the problem of risk management. However, the issues of theory and practice of constructing the company's risk management systems and policies remain insufficiently developed. Solving the problems of comparative assessment of the level of risks when choosing an investment policy for the implementation of the chosen strategy of the company's development is topical while ensuring the sustainability of the strategic development process. Assessment of management style and level of managerial risks is carried out on the basis of the economic-mathematical model of quantitative evaluation of qualitative parameters. The analysis is carried out by comparing the actual level of its investment activity with a reference value that takes into account the company's life-cycle phase (LCS). The commonly accepted classification of LCS stages and the method of quantitative evaluation of the integrated indicator of the company's investment activity are used in the work. A diagnostic model for analyzing the level of managerial risks in the implementation of the investment policy of the company's development strategy is proposed. The developed mathematical tool allows to diagnose the level of managerial risks, management style, and also the type of investment policy implemented by the company depending on the LCS stage of the company.
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Статья научная
Approaches to the enterprise control under conditions of certainty and uncertainty are considered. Economic and mathematical model of manufacturing and sales enterprise is constructed in the form of nonlinear difference equations, determining the correlation of material, information and financial flows within the enterprise. This allows solving the problems of analysis and control of economic processes both in the enterprise in general and in its subdivisions. The solution to one of the possible problems of enterprise adaptation to changeable market conditions is considered, and the method of estimate of adaptation efficiency is introduced. The problems of enterprise parameter optimization and optimal control of the enterprise behavior under conditions of incomplete information and market environment changes are stated and solved. The algorithm of estimation of state vector of the system is obtained for the conditions of incomplete information. The results of modeling are given. The economic and mathematical model and the algorithms of estimation and control can be applied in the design of the enterprise automated control systems software.
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Formation of level agenda programs competency of the personnel of the organization
Статья научная
At present, when the requirements to the quality of education are significantly increased, there is a need to search for new methods to increase the competence of the teaching staff of educational institutions. Competences that include a body of knowledge, skills, abilities, applied efforts and behavior stereotypes are characteristics that are necessary for a person to succeed, and competence means the person's own competence. Competence is a versatile, diverse and systemic characteristic of the teacher. The current multidimensional approach to competence offers more opportunities for integrating business requirements, human resource management technologies and the educational process. In this regard, it is important to develop a model support for the process of assessing and improving the level of competence of teaching staff. The article considers the task of increasing the level of competence of the personnel of the organization. The approach is based on the technology of developing development management systems (DMS technology), created in the Institute of Control Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The main stages of the DMS technology are considered as applied to the task of increasing the level of competence of the organization, such as a comprehensive assessment of the level of competence of the organization, assessing the potential for increasing the level of competence of personnel, developing a program to improve the level of competence.
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Improvement of the company's electronic archive information system
Статья научная
The documentation archive is an important base of accumulated knowledge and development of a company engaged in project activities. Given that the archive has diverse functions, it is quite difficult to organize clear work on structured storage, ensuring reliability of storage, confidentiality and differentiation of access rights, tracking the history of changes to documents, quick and easy search. Therefore, the article pays particular attention to solving the problem of improving the information system of an electronic archive of an enterprise. To solve the indicated problem, within the framework of this article, the functional requirements to the electronic archive of the enterprise are identified, the compliance of the existing system with the functional requirements is analyzed, measures are proposed to increase the efficiency of managing the electronic archive of documents. Based on the study of the electronic archive system of scientific and technical documentation (STD), the analysis and modeling of the structure of the electronic archive are carried out. The structure of the organizational part of the electronic STD archive, which regulates the life cycle of the document and the technical part responsible for the storage of documentation, is revealed. In order to improve the information system of the electronic archive of the enterprise, the models of business processes “Information Support”, “Management of storage and receipt of information” were built and the effectiveness of the developed models was evaluated. A comparative analysis of typical solutions of the electronic archive system is presented, which includes software products of the electronic archive STD: LOTSMAN: PLM Archive, STOR-M3 and TechnologiCS. As a result of the analysis, the correspondence of typical software products to the constructed business process models according to the required functionality is shown and the optimal system of electronic STD archive for implementation at the enterprise is selected.
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Статья научная
It is shown that the strengthening of the role of strategic management of industrial enterprises and corporations that has taken place in recent years requires the creation of new developments in the field of both improving the strategies for managing manufacturing companies themselves and the formation of appropriate information and analytical support for the mentioned process. The aim of the work was the need to develop an up-to-date information and analytical support for the strategic management of enterprises in the context of global instability in the world and a tough confrontation between Russia and the West. In this regard, the implementation of effective management of industrial enterprises and corporations is becoming an increasingly difficult task, the solution of which depends on an increasing number of factors, not only direct, but also increasingly significant indirect impact. Materials and methods. The study of the origin, formation and development of ideas of strategic management of industrial enterprises and organizations showed that the implementation of operational and strategic management of enterprises cannot be carried out, as was done in the very recent past, based on the experience of managers and simple unambiguous schemes development of management decisions. Based on the analysis of the development of scientific ideas, foreign and domestic approaches and conceptual provisions for the strategic and operational management of industrial companies and corporations, a set of scientific provisions for the formation of information and analytical support for the development of the strategy of Russian companies, based on the results of practical experience and scientific developments of the authors. Results. The proposed set of scientific provisions for the development of information and analytical support for the strategic management of enterprises in the context of global instability enables the leaders of these enterprises to increase the validity and effectiveness of their activities. Conclusion. Because foreign and domestic experience in managing enterprises and organizations, scientific research on the strategic and tactical management of companies of the past years, by now, has ceased to make it possible to effectively manage the development of companies. The complex of scientific provisions presented in the article and the algorithm of strategic management of industrial enterprises and corporations is a necessary element for improving the quality of strategic management of manufacturing companies in today's extremely tense and unstable conditions for doing business and business in our country.
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Information security of small business: modern condition, problems and the ways of their solutions
Статья научная
The actuality of the investigated problem is caused by the fact that information is the most valuable resource of business. It is substantiated that the peculiarity of small business is the limited financial possibilities allocated for means and methods of information protection. Therefore, the decisions should allow to realize the optimal protection of the information system and data - to ensure the maximum possible result with the limited investment of funds. It is presented the author's approach to the problems of choosing means and methods for protecting information in the conditions of a limited budget and in justifying a set of measures aimed at ensuring information security for small business. The materials of the article can be useful for managers and owners of small business, students of higher and secondary educational institutions of technical and economic direction.
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Статья научная
For major shareholders and heads of industrial enterprises, one of the main problems that they need to address in order to strategically develop these enterprises is the formation of a group of strategic alternatives for the development of the company. However, justifying and choosing the strategic alternative that should ensure the mainstream of this development is also a very complex problem. The article presents a brief description of the information system developed by the author for the formation of strategic alternatives for the development of industrial enterprises, based on two mathematical models. The first of them allows to calculate the dynamics of factors affecting the industrial enterprise, as well as its performance indicators. The second model makes it possible to form a set of alternatives to the company's strategic development based on the results of calculating the first model, which allows its owners and managers to make their informed choice based on selected criteria. The use of this information-analytical system in consulting practice produced good results.
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Статья научная
Today business conduction requires an increasing number of highly diverse factors to be taken into consideration by its proprietors and managers. It is also necessary to analyze the impact of each of the many internal and external processes, which include global changes, social and economic dynamics, state of monetary systems and international markets. The article describes results of the research of the said problem where influence of internal and external factors was taken into account. General management frameworks are reviewed and used for classification of common Russian practices in industrial enterprise management. Industrial enterprise management algorithms advisable for both stable and unstable development of the domestic business and global economy in general are analyzed as well. In the conclusion structure of a modern industrial enterprise information-analytical system is outlined. Analysis of its limitations and implementation impeding factors is given.
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Leveraging an enterprise social network for employee behavior modeling and forecasting
Статья научная
The article evaluates the capabilities of an Enterprise Social Network to monitor and predict employee behaviors using an Enterprise social network. In recent years, Enterprise Social Networks, such as Microsoft’s Yammer have become popular in the United States industry. As a rule, they are used as a platform for facilitating employee collaboration. The functionality of Enterprise Social Networks, however, supports their other, much broader, uses as drivers of change in organizational effectiveness. These uses include: • Collecting and analyzing data on employee sentiment and behaviors. Establishing employee sentiment and behavior baselines • Setting organizational effectiveness goals • Creating organizational effectiveness metrics and setting targets • Systematically monitoring organizational effectiveness goals against the targets and identifying gaps • Creating and managing various programs for improving organizational effectiveness • Supporting and sustaining organizations and groups, such as change networks • Simulating desired behaviors in a controlled environment to establish, reinforce, and sustain the behaviors • Modeling employee behaviors and sentiment • Gauging short-term and long-term changes and trends in employee behaviors and sentiment over time to evaluate success of individual programs and organizational effectiveness in general • Forecasting a change in employee behaviors and sentiment • Reporting progress against set targets These capabilities allow for successfully leveraging an Enterprise Social Network as a platform for the forecasting and modeling of employee behaviors. Target audiences for this article include Senior Leadership, members of the Project Management Organizations (PMO), Organizational Change Management Organizations (OCMO), the training teams, and organizational development consultants.
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Статья научная
The specifics of human resource management primarily consider the work with the personnel of enterprises and organizations, and the basic concept that existed earlier said that the human resource and personnel of enterprises and organizations are some expenses that need to be constantly repaid. Now, personnel-human resources are considered as the resources of the enterprise, and this approach is used to increase the understanding of the belonging of employees and more effective use of their competencies in the organization system. Respectively, as resources are one of the most important characteristics of the enterprise and personnel should be attributed to the resources necessary for the sustainable development and functioning of the enterprise. The general concept of human resource management provides for a set of certain beliefs and suggestions that are formed and focused in one company, so you can talk about the corporate culture, about specific factors that are accepted in the company, and are, in turn, also a certain resource. The aim of the study is to form an up-to-date approach to improving the efficiency of human resource management at an industrial enterprise. Materials and methods. As part of the materials and methods, it is necessary to note the analysis of approaches, methods and models of human resource management presented in the scientific and technical literature, as well as the results of their implementation in the practice of industrial enterprise management. Results. The article substantiates the main scientific provisions and the need to form a general strategy for personnel development, which forms employees' self-determination in the organizational structure of the enterprise and the vector of their development, and the management has a clear idea in the development of personnel management decisions. Conclusion. A vague formulation, the absence of a personnel development strategy or its inconsistency with the general strategy of the enterprise and the dynamics of the influence of external and internal factors creates some uncertainty, which further leads to the “turnover” of personnel and does not allow achieving the goals set by the management of the enterprise.
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Managing the flow of information on an enterprise social network
Статья научная
Using an Enterprise social network called Yammer as an example the article examines the practices for managing the flow of information on an Enterprise social network. Enterprise social networks are fairly common in today’s workplace. They serve many purposes. Some social networks help promote a collaborative work environment. They support employee interaction within a group. These networks have proven effective as a way to improve communication between project team members and between company employees in general. Enterprise social networks, however, can also offer a platform for promoting a broad cultural change in a company. When it comes to influencing human behavior, their role is paramount. The role of an Enterprise social network in promoting a culture change in a company, however, is far less explored than its role as a communication means. In the US industry, a specific discipline studies and employs the practices of influencing employee behavior and motivations. This discipline is called Organizational Change Management (OCM). OCM is specifically interested in studying new channels for relaying information about a change to employees. How do you best manage the flow of information in a corporate social network to achieve maximum efficiency? What is the best communication channel to influence employee behaviors to achieve and sustain company goals? This article examines the practices of channeling information to company employees and from employees to Senior Leadership using an Enterprise social network. Target audiences for this article include Senior Management, members of the Project Manage-ment Organizations (PMO), Organizational Change Management Organizations (OCMO), training teams, and organizational development consultants.
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