Статьи журнала - Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast
Все статьи: 1587
Industrial development issues in the economy of the old industrial regions of Russia
Статья научная
Achieving balanced economic development is a key task for old industrial regions, in which many industrial sectors are concentrated. However, current macroeconomic situation does not promote the development of industrial sectors and new technological modes; moreover, it can lead to a decline in production output, tax proceeds, people's real incomes, consumer demand and other negative trends in socio-economic development. A considerable gap in labor productivity between Russia and developed countries as well as between old industrial regions indicates the existence of major problems in Russian industry. For this reason, the aim of the research is to identify main trends and issues in the industrial sector of old industrial areas in order to work out its further development prospects. Methodological framework of the study includes economic, statistical, and comparative analysis, generalization, and sociological survey. The works of Russian and foreign economists in the field of regional economics, official data of the Federal State Statistics Service, databases of international organizations including the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the U.S...
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Industrial policy as a mechanism of regional development
Статья научная
The article reveals the essence of industrial policy and determines its role in ensuring the region’s sustainable development. Furthermore, it substantiates the importance of industrial policy in the rationalization of the region’s economy structure and enhancement of its performance. The article also proposes an algorithm for the development of active regional industrial policy.
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Industrial policy as a tool of neo-industrialization of regional industrial systems
Статья научная
The article describes the essence of neo-industrialization of an economy as an alternative to the establishment of a post-industrial economy. It substantiates the three stages of industrial policy, aimed at neo-industrialization of the economy in the Ural region taking into account the characteristics of its industrial system. A special importance is attached to clusters as market institutions of implementing the regional industrial policy.
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Industrial policy: new realities, formation and implementation issues
Статья научная
The article presents the conducted comparative analysis of changing target points for the industrial policy formation in the economies of developed countries and in Russia. The authors have justified that the goals of industrial policy should not be just attractive to the state and business, but also contribute to the formation of a favorable business environment, as well as to the growth of public welfare. It has been established that in conditions of “the trauma society”, only short-term priorities of the industrial policy can be implemented. New realities fundamentally influencing the industrial policy priorities have been revealed. The researchers have justified the expediency of integrating the industrial policy into the general vector of Russia’s strategic documents. The authors have proposed to elaborate the regional industrial policy within the framework of the Ural Federal District as one of the 12 macroregions in the country marked in the Strategy for spatial development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025. Analyzing “the Updated Strategy of the EU Industrial Policy” and numerous studies in the field of circular economy formation has allowed to justify the need for industrial policy measures to stimulate the transition to the circular economy with including the basic principles of such transition in the strategic documents regarding the development of Russia and its regions. The authors have stressed the inextricable link between the circular economy formation and digitalization. It has been shown that in the interpretation of foreign researchers in comparison to national authors the digital transformation, as well as the industrial policy, has positive qualitative changes of socially significant results as the ultimate goal. The priorities in the field of the national industry’s digitalization for their support by the industrial policy instruments have been structured. The researchers have emphasized the acceleration of implementing technological solutions happening in the process of digitalization, which are based on the information systems having artificial intelligence. The authors have revealed the priority areas aimed at supporting the development of artificial intelligence by the industrial policy. It has been established that the latest technologies have an impact on changing the industrial policy priorities, and transform the state’s economic role and modern business models. The interaction between the new subjects and objects of the industrial policy is the basis for the formation of the qualitatively new network industrial policy.
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Статья научная
The article deals with the spectrum of the economic questions which concern the effective utilization of the Murmansk Oblast’s industrial potential in the development of the shelf deposits. The article shows a comprehensive analysis of the industrial complex and an objective appraisal of the conditions for the oil and gas industry development in the Murmansk Oblast. The authors have pointed out the formation of organizational and economic mechanisms for utilization of the regional enterprises’ industrial potential in the development of the oil and gas projects as well as other large industrial projects in the Murmansk Oblast.
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Industry characteristics of investment processes in the northwestern federal district
Статья научная
The paper determines the relationship between the region’s investment activity1 and the structural features of the economy (in terms of the types of economic activity). The presence of holding structures interests in the region can contribute to the depletion of the region’s financial resources. The solution requires the relations between state authorities and business structures to be settled. The information base for research comprises the works of national economists, statistical yearbooks, published by the Federal Statistics Service. Statistical analysis methods are applied to substantiate the results.
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Inefficient vat administration as a threat to Russia's economic security
Статья научная
Under the conditions of constant budget deficit and high debt burden, the search for funding sources of Russia’s economic growth has become an acute issue. One of such sources is value-added tax (VAT), which forms over 50% of the federal budget tax revenues. At the same time, the current system of VAT administration does not meet the requirements of the country’s economic development. The possibility of legal tax refund can lead to tax evasion, the extent of which is estimated at about two trillion rubles. At that, tax management measures concerning VAT, despite the high costs of their implementation, do not bring the desired effect. By analyzing VAT administration practice, the author proposes a set of measures that will provide, through the introduction of amendments in tax legislation, a significant increase of budget revenues from value added tax.
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Inflow of foreign direct investments in Russia's regions: potential and risk factors
Статья научная
The Russian economy is closely integrated with the world capital market and at the same time possesses visible regional differences in the dynamics of foreign direct investment (FDI). The goal of our research is to carry out quantitative assessment of the factors that promote the inflow of FDI to Russia's regions in 2011-2017 within the framework of aggregated and private indicators of risk and potential. The estimates we have obtained indicate that the aggregate investment potential has a positive impact on FDI inflows to the regions. We find out that as the risks for the domestic economy increase, the statistically significant inverse correlation between FDI inflows and the aggregate investment risk index ceased to be observed since 2014, alongside the remaining visible convergence between Russia's regions on this indicator. Our estimates suggest that without overcoming the high risks generated by the national economy as a whole, the reduction in aggregate risks between Russia's regions does not play a significant part in increasing FDI inflows. In accordance with our assessment, we determine that the regional dynamics of FDI inflows in 2011-2017 was explained by some private indicators of investment risk and potential, which, in general, had a reverse and direct impact on the dependent variable, respectively. The specific characteristics of Russia's regions significantly adjusted the importance and the ratio of FDI attraction factors, so the obtained values of the corresponding elasticities indicated a difference rather than a commonality of private indicators of risk and potential, the indicators that drive the inflow of direct investment to the Far East compared to other regions of Russia. This fact probably confirms the need for differentiated policies to attract FDI to the economy of the Far East in comparison with other regions. Since our research reflects the relative impact of risk and potential factors on FDI inflows for Russia's regions that exist in the single institutional and economic space, the estimates we have obtained can be supplemented by a more detailed study of the role of Russia's potential and risk compared to other national economies.
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