Young researchers. Рубрика в журнале - Economic and Social Changes: Facts, Trends, Forecast
On the methodological approaches to the study of saving behavior of the population
Статья научная
The task to ensure effective functioning of all systems in the society and sustainable economic growth requires significant amounts of investment resources, which include savings of the population. This involves identification of the amount of funds accumulated by the population and studies of the characteristics of its saving behavior. The article reveals advantages and disadvantages of the main methodological approaches to the research in saving behavior and gives a comparative analysis of methods on the basis of official statistical information. As for Russia income is a key factor in saving behavior, the article also addresses the problem of assessing the degree of income differentiation of saving behavior. For this purpose we have used a method of household budgets sample surveys on the basis of which we have calculated and analyzed key performance indicators of savings behavior of households, including in the context of groups with different income levels. Unlike previous works on the topic, our study uses available resources (not money income) as a basis for the calculation of saving behavior indicators, as they more fully characterize funds of low-income households, which are mostly represented in the budget surveys sample...
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Organization of medical equipment service in the region
Статья научная
This paper presents the results of the research of medical equipment servicing in the region based on the survey by questionnaire of the head doctors and service organizations managers in the Vologda Oblast. Due to the fact that regional medical institutions haven't their own technical services, the author has analyzed the key indicators of the institutions' development registered in the Vologda Oblast and engaged in the service of medical equipment. The author has identified the factors constraining the development of regional infrastructure of the medical equipment service as well as he has identified the areas of the public authorities' activity to ensure the effective work of medical equipment under the limited finance conditions.
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Статья научная
The paper presents an overview of the agent-based models of complex socio-economic systems of the meso-level developed by Russian and foreign scientists. It considers agent-based models of municipalities: cities, urban agglomerations, suburban areas, etc. When choosing models for the review, preference was given to municipal level models that have a detailed description of agents, their behavior and rules of interaction accompanied by a visual diagram of the conceptual model. However, the important criterion was the availability of information about the testing of the constructed model on the actual data for a specific municipality. Foreign experience of application of the agent-based approach to the study of socio-economic systems of the meso-level is disclosed on the example of the models of municipalities that are the most interesting and promising from our point of view: these models are models of the virtual economy of the city, the model of interrelated markets for housing and land, the models of expansion of the city area, the models of reducing the city, the model of intra-city migration, the models of interconnected development of creative industries and spatial structure of the city...
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Статья научная
The article presents the results of the study on the performance of the region’s schoolchildren of the final stage of the All-Russian Olympiad over the past 10 years, based on the open data of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and the Vologda Oblast Department of Education. The article reveals the Oblast to be the country’s leader in the Olympiads training efficiency. The groups of disciplines are distinguished by the results achieved (high, average, low). The article provides information on educational institutions that trained the largest number of winners. The article outlines key problems on the Olympiads training and proposals for improving the region’s performance results in the All-Russian Olympiad.
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Population health of large cities: trends and risks
Статья научная
The article considers the problem of forming and maintaining the health of the population living in the big city by giving an example of the cities of Vologda and Cherepovets. Based on the correlation analysis the factors having both positive and negative effects on the health of the population of large cities have been identified. With an allowance for intensive development of urban areas at the present stage the author has outlined the main priorities of the activities on maintaining the health of urban populations.
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Precarious employment in the Vologda oblast: current state and trends
Статья научная
The paper is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of precarious employment in Russian regions. Today, the socio-economic sciences lack a single concept of precarious employment applicable to Russian conditions. Despite the considerable amount of scientific and practical works of domestic and foreign authors on the issue of precarious employment, the criteria of its statistical evaluation as applied to Russian conditions have not been determined. At the same time, the development of precarious employment threatens the country's socio-economic welfare, because it creates the risk of unwanted effects such as poor employment, hidden and open unemployment, lower labor productivity, degradation of human capital, etc. The paper provides a brief review of research on the problem stated, and defines precarious employment. The author makes an attempt to determine and substantiate the list of indicators available in official statistics for assessing precarious employment in the region...
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Problems and prospects of social sphere financing in Russia
Статья научная
The article contains an overview of such main trends in the financial support of Russia's social sphere, as growth in funding, priority increase of pension provision, maintenance of the priority role of centralized sources and evening-out the inter-regional inequalities. The article presents a scenario forecast of the social systems funding up to 2020, according to which the solutions of the main tasks of the coming years, which include adaptation to demographic changes and the elimination of disproportions in remuneration, will require joint efforts of the government, business, citizens and employees.
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Problems of sustainable development of rural areas in the Vologda oblast
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the sustainable development of rural areas in the Vologda Oblast. It deals with the nature and objectives of sustainable development of rural areas. The analysis of the key indicators of agricultural activity and the state of social infrastructure in rural areas has been carried out and the main problems have been revealed. Regional and international experience in the development of rural areas is presented here. The results of this research allow us to suggest the ways of sustainable development in rural areas, which will be helpful to employees of regional authorities, managers of enterprises and organizations to create an effective system of rural development in the region.
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Recycling as the mechanism of ecological and economic equation of the regional development
Статья научная
In the article the role of recycling as the mechanism of the ecological and economic equation of the regional development is considered. The concept of recycling is proved; the problems, conditions and factors of its development are explored. The measures of recycling waste products from production and consumption are analyzed; recommendations on the recycling development in the region (including the organizational economic mechanism) are given.
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Region's agrarian and industrial complex: lessons of reforming and conclusions for prospect
Статья научная
The article considers the consequences of reforming of economy of agrarian sector and social sphere of rural territories of the Vologda region for last 20 years. The author has analyzed the tendencies of formation of multi-structural agriculture in region. On the basis of integrated index the region’s municipal formations are differentiated by the level of agrarian potential. Taking into account the lessons of market reforms, domestic and foreign experience the author brings out the ways to overcome negative consequences of transformation processes in agrarian sector for the near-term and medium-term prospect.
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Relationship of production level and wages in agricultural organizations of NWFD
Статья научная
The article examines the dependence of wages on the economic condition of agricultural production properties in the enterprises of the North-west federal district. On the example of agricultural enterprises of the Vologda oblast it examines the impact of funds provision level and availability of labor resources on wages. It compares wages in agricultural enterprises of the region with the level of wages in the industry, justifies the directions of wages growth in the countryside. A model based on the econometric is developed enabling to determine the level of wages in the forecast period based on gross production, its marketability and funds provision of agricultural workers.
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Статья научная
At present, socio-economic development in leading countries is characterized by intensive development of cooperation between government, business and society. In conditions when territories gain more autonomy in solving socio-economic development problems, business entities act as funding sources for addressing the most urgent issues, the priority of which is impossible to determine without participation of the public. Having studied the evolution of cooperation between government and business in Russia we point out that the extent of government participation in the economy depends on its national development specifics at different stages, which determines the diversity of their interaction models. Having reviewed domestic and foreign research works we systematize the existing models of trilateral interaction. The paper analyzes the implementation of joint projects and programs by the authorities and business in the Russian Federation and reveals forms of participation of society in addressing regional problems on the example of the Vologda Oblast...
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Rising in labour potential: the role of wages
Статья научная
The article deals with the identification of empirical interrelations between wages and rising in realization of labour potential. Theoretical and methodological research base includes copyright developments in the field of sociological evaluation of the implementation of labor potential. The study revealed a motivational function of wages. The author substantiated the role of wages in increasing the implementation of labour potential of the population in our time. It is shown that the current practice of pay and its institutional features are such that wages are not an effective tool for enhancing the implementation of the population’s employment potential. The results will be helpful to employees of regional authorities, managers of enterprises and organizations.
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Russia-Kazakhstan border-zone: sociological analysis
Статья научная
The article, based on the research conducted by the Center for Regional Sociology and Conflictology Studies of the Institute of Sociology of RAS, discusses the features of cross-border cooperation of Russia and Kazakhstan. It considers works of Western and Russian scientists to identify major approaches to the study of cross-border cooperation. It discusses strengthening of inter-ethnic and socio-economic integration and cross-border cooperation at the regional level. The borderland as a social phenomenon is an object of our study; the research is focused on local communities, understood as residents of Russian regions bordering with neighboring countries. This means that the research is devoted to local communities of the areas, located on Russia's borders with different states - with the new neighbors, which appeared after the USSR collapse (e.g., Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic States in the West, Kazakhstan in the East) and the long-existing ones - Turkey, China, Mongolia, etc...
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Russian specifics of dacha suburbanization process: case study of the Moscow region
Статья научная
Topical issues related to the planning of urban agglomerations development include registration and analysis of changes in suburban areas in the process of socio-economic development. It is manifest, among other things, in urbanization, which in relation to larger cities is replaced by suburbanization. Suburbanization process has been developing to the greatest extent in North America and Western Europe. Scientific research confirms that the majority of large urban agglomerations are in the stage of suburbanization. The pace of suburbanization in the world is different - the authorities of individual countries, regions or cities often take measures to limit or simplify it: they reconstruct central cities, set limits to the construction in peripheral areas, etc. In Russia, the process of suburbanization started to develop rapidly only after the socio-economic transformation of the 1990s that led to the emergence of the free market of housing and land. The aim of the present work is to determine the specifics of suburbanization in Russia on the example of the Moscow Region...
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Social development of rural areas as agriculture stability factor
Статья научная
The essence and factors of agrarian sector stability are considered in the article. The analysis of social sphere of the Vologda rural territories is carried out as well. The basic directions of quality improvement of rural life are defined. The experience of realization of the pilot project «Development of social potential of rural settlements» is reflected.
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Social security of Russia's population: an overview of the past years studies
Статья научная
The aim of the article is to evaluate the level of social protection and to define the most acute problems and risks (threats), undermining the feeling of social security in the people of Russian regions. It is determined, that the population feels less protected due to the onset of poverty, crime and environmental threat. According to the analysis results, the type of society existing in the regions can be defined as unsatisfactory for the social activity of an individual, since the population is poorly protected from external objective risks and threats.
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Spatial behavior of prices in the Russian Federation in 2003-2012
Статья научная
The heterogeneity of economic development and specifics of the spatial position of regions implies that the regional markets in the country are characterized by varying degrees and trends of price dynamics. The multidirectional and disproportionate changes in the prices in the regional markets, in turn, show that integration in the national market is poor. The work presents the results of research into the spatial behavior of prices in the Russian Federation in 2003-2012, carried out mainly using the descriptive analysis of consumer prices based on the identification of the measures of dispersion of price indicators - standard deviation and the range of variation. The analysis of consumer price indices dynamics shows that the year 2008 is a period of greatest price growth, and also proves that the prices for services and foodstuffs are subject to the highest fluctuations. The analysis of the prices for the fixed set of goods and services shows that consumer prices in the Russian Federation subjects during the analyzed period changed unevenly; however, beginning from 2009 there is a positive trend of reducing fluctuations in their growth rates...
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Статья научная
The paper proves that the major reason for the slow development of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia is a lack of effective training and retraining system of business staff. The directions of using public-private partnership to achieve these aims are revealed in the case of the Moscow Oblast.
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