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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 8014
Climate change and the formation of social responsibility in culture
Статья научная
This article examines the relationship between climate change and the development of social responsibility within cultural contexts. It explores how environmental challenges have led to shifts in societal values and the redefinition of individual and collective responsibilities towards nature and future generations. By analyzing cultural narratives and practices, the study highlights the role of climate change in shaping modern ethics and social behaviors. Special attention is given to the interaction between ecological sustainability and cultural adaptation, revealing the importance of fostering environmental consciousness through cultural frameworks.
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Climate change impact on the Absheron peninsula vegetation
Статья научная
Climate change is one of the global problems of modern times, and the increase in the average annual temperature in our country over the past 100 years to 0.4-1.3 °C has affected the structure and function of cultural ecosystems in the Absheron Peninsula. In order to study the impact of climate change on the peninsula, dendrochronological and dendroclimatological studies were conducted, forest assessments were analyzed. The study found that the increase in carbon dioxide in forests due to climate change in the Greater and Lesser Caucasus has affected the growth dynamics, phenology, growth, root system and productivity of plants. The increase in CO2 in the Greater Caucasus is due to the endemic, rare, endangered tree plants of Azerbaijan Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey., Parrotia persica (DC.) C. A. Mey., Carpinus betulus L., Pinus eldarica Medw. , and others. manifests itself more in species. As a result of warming observed in forests in the northern regions of the Greater Caucasus, an increase in the annual ring remnants of young trees was observed in 2010-2020 compared to 1850. Rapid growth of plants was observed in the early stages of plant growth in areas where the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere increased. At the same time, it should be noted that the excessive increase in CO2 in forests caused drought stress in July and August. Although climate change has affected the physiology and growth of trees in the study, increasing ozone in the area balances it by resisting the positive effects of CO2.
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Climatic conditions in mountains through the lens of indefinite pronouns: a linguo-cultural approach
Статья научная
This article explores the use of indefinite pronouns in the context of describing climatic conditions in mountainous regions, utilizing a linguo-cultural approach. By comparing English and Kyrgyz languages, the study examines how indefinite pronouns function semantically and pragmatically in narratives and descriptions of mountain climates. The research highlights how these pronouns reflect cultural perceptions and attitudes towards nature and the environment. The findings demonstrate that indefinite pronouns are not merely grammatical tools but are deeply embedded in the cultural narratives that shape the understanding of mountain climates. This study contributes to the broader field of linguistics by revealing the interconnectedness of language, culture, and environmental perception.
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Статья научная
This article explores the influence of mountainous climates on the concept of "eye" (eye/көз) in English and Kyrgyz linguistic traditions. By analyzing linguistic data, including idioms, metaphors, and cultural expressions, the study examines how the unique environmental conditions of mountainous regions shape perceptions and representations of the "eye" in both languages. The research highlights how the harsh and variable climate of mountains impacts cultural attitudes towards vision, perception, and observation, reflected in the language and symbolism associated with the eye. Through a comparative analysis, the article reveals both shared and distinct elements in the use of the eye metaphor, demonstrating the deep connection between language, environment, and cultural worldview in English and Kyrgyz mountain communities.
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Статья научная
Young adults experience febrile illnesses (fever) with throat discomfort and exhaustion. Many infections that cause febrile illnesses in young adults also cause symptoms that coincide with bacterial throat infections (pharyngitis/endemic febrile illnesses in India), resulting in many cases of infectious mononucleosis being underdiagnosed. To fully explore how young adults present clinically with fevers and throat symptoms, this project aims to determine the specific clinical presentation, the diagnostic approach taken by doctors, as well as any potential misdiagnosis of infectious mononucleosis among young adults who have had febrile illnesses with throat symptoms. Using a cross-sectional survey, we collected information from 120 young adults (ages 18-30) who had experienced febrile illnesses within the last 6 months. The survey was conducted using anonymous questionnaire items that provided information about symptoms, duration of symptoms, swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, blood tests/investigations completed by the respondents, treatments, and recovery time. All survey response data and results were compiled using descriptive statistics. Fever (90.8%), sore throat (76.7%), fatigue (76%), and neck/lymph node swelling (60%) were the most reported symptoms. The presence of prolonged (longer than 2 weeks) fatigue and lethargy was reported by 40% of the respondents. Thirty percent of respondents had blood tests completed, and 5% completed heterophile/EBV tests. Antibiotics were given in 70% of the cases, and 20% of the respondents experienced a rash following antibiotic administration. Recovery from febrile illnesses took 1 to 2 weeks for 50% of respondents to return to their normal level of activity. Young adults with a febrile illness frequently report prolonged fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy, and fatigue; understanding these symptoms can aid in the early diagnosis of conditions like infectious mononucleosis (IM) and help avoid misdiagnosis and inappropriate antibiotic use.
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Clinical acute bulbar syndrome in a 6-month-old child with cortical brain dysplasia
Статья научная
The article presents a rare clinical case of Autoimmune brain stem encephalitis of unknown etiology in a 6-month-old girl. The manifestation of the disease began with a subacute growing bulbar syndrome, however, in the clinical picture noted hemiparesis, which was not typical for the brain stem lesions. In the series of examinations, we revealed a concomitant congenital pathology of the cerebral cortex, which was the cause of child hemiparesis. The clinical case shows the importance of differential diagnosis in limited conditions and medical alertness for the correct diagnosis and further treatment.
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Clinical and epidemiological assessment of anthrax
Статья научная
The article presents the results of epidemiological, clinical analysis of the registered incidence of anthrax for the period from 2015 to 2020 in Osh, Jalal-Abad region of the Kyrgyz Republic. There is a pronounced tendency to increase the incidence of anthrax with a wide spread in disadvantaged inpatient facilities.
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Статья научная
It is now known that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can infect cells in the gastrointestinal tract as well as the liver. Liver dysfunction is found in 14-53% of patients with COVID-19. Scientists have found that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can directly infect liver cells and cells lining the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts (cholangiocytes), since they contain, although in low concentrations, a special enzyme ACE-2, which serves as an entry point into cells of some coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. The next stage in the development of pathology is inflammation and the formation of blood clots. With a violent reaction of the immune system, an excessive release of cytokines occurs, which aggravates the condition and, in some cases, leads to reactive hepatitis.
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Clinical characteristics of students in auxiliary schools (oligophrenia)
Статья научная
This article discusses the clinical characteristics of students in auxiliary schools-children diagnosed with oligophrenia. A particularly characteristic sign of oligophrenia is a disturbance in the mobility of nervous processes. Specifically, this leads to the formed neural connections becoming inert and the formation of new connections becoming difficult. In children with oligophrenia, the strength of nervous processes is generally reduced, especially active internal inhibition. The primary pedagogical task in relation to this group of children is organizing and managing their attention. Observations of such children show that, in the process of learning, and with an appropriate pedagogical approach, they can develop complex forms of cortical inhibition.
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Co-infection of hepatitis a and herpes simplex virus: a case report
Статья научная
Hepatitis A is a self-limiting disease where fulminant hepatitis and death occur in a small proportion of patients. Fulminant hepatic failure is more common in patients with underlying liver diseases, such as chronic hepatitis B and C, co-infection with more than one genotype of hepatitis A at the same time, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or alcoholic steatohepatitis, in advanced age and with dependence on intravenous drugs. We present a case of infection of hepatitis A and herpes simplex virus that lead to acute liver failure. In this rare case, the importance of attention to the first manifestations of the disease in diagnosing severe cases of hepatitis A in adults is emphasized. At the same time, HSV hepatitis can also be the cause of fulminant hepatic insufficiency. Therefore, patients with severe hepatitis A need an early examination for HSV infection, and empirical treatment with acyclovir should begin at early stage.
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Cognitive approach to the classification of phraseological units with the component “water”
Статья научная
Phraseology has been at the focus of attention in different fields of linguistics because of its important role in verbalization of a particular nation’s mentality and cultural values. According to cognitive linguistics, phraseological units verbalize on language level cognitive models produced in our minds by comparing one phenomenon to another. This article is aimed to analyze phraseological units with the component of “water” in English language according to a cognitive parameter and to group them in accordance with the metaphorical meanings they denote.
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Cognitive-pragmatic analysis of inductive modality and means of its expression in a language
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Modality is a multidimensional category that has different ways of expression and functioning in language. Within the framework of the communicative-pragmatic approach, modality is considered in inextricable connection with the utterance, the speech act and the communicative situation as a whole. The article is devoted to the study of the category of incentive modality. The definition of the category of modality is given and defines the main means of expressing modality.
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Статья научная
The article is devoted to the pragmatic and cognitive stylistic analysis of semantic deviations in the short story “Fault Lines” written by Barbara Kingsolver. It goes without saying that in literary works a language tends to have immense meaning since the author has unlimited freedom to communicate his/her ideas in his literary works. This allows a writer to make full use of his creativity to convey his/her message towards the readers by applying his individual style. Semantic deviation is one of the linguistic deviations which is implemented when a combination of incompatible and illogical words violates literary norms of a language in an attempt to evoke a reader’s surprise, grab a reader’s attention, exert emotional effect and bring aesthetic beauty to a literary text. On top of that, very few investigations have been carried out to research cognitive-stylistic characteristics along with pragmatic characteristics of semantic deviations as key mechanisms of foregrounding and thus this can be an attempt to fill this gap. The language in use will be analyzed in an attempt to study “the meaning of language in relation to a context and of use and users”. Therefore, it becomes apparent that cognitive aspects and pragmatic aspects go hand in hand and in order to conduct effective research both aspects have to be and will be taken into account.
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Combining digital stories with the internet
Статья научная
The Internet has the potential to enhance writing and literacy skills while offering a uniquely stylized form of expression. They are an excellent way to use educational technology and storytelling inside the classroom and beyond school walls. Producing digital stories give opportunities to self-expression encouraging creativity. They are both individualistic and collaborative because reading and writing can be used in a variety of academic contexts.
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Communicative Approach in Teaching Foreign Languages
Статья научная
The Communitive Approach in language teaching starts from а theory of language as communication. The goal of language teaching is to develop communicative competence. Another linguistic theory of communication favored in CLT is functional account of language use. Linguistic is concerned with the description of speech acts of texts, since only through study of language in use are all the functions of language and therefore all components of meaning brought into focus. The goal of language teaching is to develop what referred to as “communicative competence”. This term is coined in order to contrast а communicative view of language and theory of competence. Linguistic theory is concerned primarily with an ideal speaker-listener in а completely homogeneous speech community, who knows its language perfectly and is unaffected by such grammatically irrelevant conditions as memory limitation, distribution, shifts of attention and interest, and errors (random or characteristic) in applying his knowledge of the language in actual performance.
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Communicative language teaching
Статья научная
The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to communicative language teaching (CLT) and to describe methodological principles that facilitate the language learning process. CLT furthermore takes a pragmatic or performance-based approach to learning. Its goal is to promote the development of real-life language skills by engaging the learner in contextualized, meaningful, and communicative-oriented learning tasks. CLT methodologies embrace an eclectic approach to teaching, which means they borrow teaching practices from a wide array of methods that have been found effective and that are in accordance with principles of learning as suggested by research findings in research in SLA and cognitive psychology. Its open-ended or principle-based approach allows for a great deal of flexibility, which makes it adaptable to many individual programmatic and learner needs and goals.
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Comparable features in the works of Ibn Battuta and other contemporary travelers
Статья научная
The famous Moroccan Arabic traveler Ibn Battuta made a remarkable contribution to both eastern and western literature. His work Tukhfat an-nuzzor fi garoib al-amsor va ajoib al-afsor (Travelogue) is highly regarded as a valuable source which gives unique information about the culture and traditions, lifestyle of medieval cities and countries. This article analyses the extensive comparison between travels of Ibn Battuta and other outstanding travelers such as a Venetian traveler Marco Polo and a Russian traveler Afanasy Nikitin. Furthermore, it investigates the common situations which can be encountered in each traveler’s journey.
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Статья научная
This article presents a non-systematic review of the literature focusing on the diagnostic challenges and laboratory differentiation between acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) and COVID-19 in resource-limited settings of India and Kyrgyzstan. A non-systematic search of PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted for articles published in 2025-2026. The search strategy used the terms “diagnosis” OR “diagnostic” OR “diagnostic tests” OR “tests” AND “COVID-19” OR “SARS-CoV-2” OR “acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI)” in the article title and keywords. Diagnostic tests for respiratory viral infections primarily detect viral nucleic acid or host immune responses. In COVID-19, identification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from respiratory specimens remains the reference standard, particularly during the early phase of illness. In contrast, ARVI diagnosis in resource-limited settings often relies on clinical features with limited laboratory confirmation due to restricted access to molecular testing. Serological assays are more informative in the later stages of infection and may support retrospective diagnosis or epidemiological assessment. Routine laboratory parameters such as complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, coagulation profile, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, and procalcitonin help assess disease severity, inflammatory status, thrombotic risk, and prognosis rather than providing etiological confirmation. Imaging modalities, particularly chest radiography and computed tomography, can aid diagnosis when clinical suspicion is high and laboratory tests are negative, delayed, or unavailable. Although detection of viral RNA by RT-PCR remains the reference method for confirming COVID-19, its diagnostic yield is influenced by timing, sample quality, and resource availability. Therefore, accurate diagnosis should rely on an integrated approach that combines clinical presentation, epidemiological context, molecular or serological testing, and supportive laboratory and imaging findings, including assessment of complications. The limitations observed in current diagnostic strategies highlight the need for more sensitive, specific, and rapid diagnostic tools, particularly in resource-constrained settings.
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Comparative Analysis of Rural and Urban English Language Education
Статья научная
This paper explores the differences in English language education between rural and urban schools, focusing on the factors influencing learning outcomes. The study examines access to qualified teachers, teaching materials, technological resources, and student motivation. Trends and new directions in English language education are discussed, alongside a comparative analysis of proficiency levels in rural and urban settings. The research employs qualitative and quantitative methods to assess disparities and suggest improvements for equitable language education.
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Статья научная
This study systematically investigates the formation of hydrothermal potential in natural cenosis of mountain brown-gray soils on the southeastern slopes of the Lesser Caucasus, considering vegetation cover density. The aim is to identify patterns of temperature and moisture reserve variations under different vegetation densities and to reveal structural characteristics of hydrothermal potential. Comparative analysis at the cenosis level demonstrated a functional relationship between vegetation cover density and hydrothermal parameters. The results indicate that vegetation density is a key regulatory factor in the formation of hydrothermal potential, providing important insights for assessing water–thermal resources and predicting ecological processes in mountain ecosystems.
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