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Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 6181
Characteristics of semi-desert vegetation in Daridagh massif area
Статья научная
This article provides information on the semi-desert vegetation type of the Daridagh Massif. It was found that the areas of the massif at an altitude of 800-1200 m are characterized by plant species specific to semi-desert vegetation. In the ecological-geobotanical research, phytocenosis dominated by Artemisetum and Salsoletum plants were recorded in the semi-desert vegetation type in the Daridagh Massif. The semi-desert vegetation type in the region was classified into 1 formation class, 2 formation groups and 8 associations. Temporary Artemisetum fields cover a large area in the plains at the foot of Daridagh Massif. Artemiseta lerchianae and Salsoleta dendroidanae formations are found here and these are the formations that attract more attention. The Artemisia lerchiana formation covers a wide area from the plain to the 1200 m altitude of Daridagh Massif. Artemisia lerchiana + Salsola nodulosa is relatively common in the lower plain parts of the Daridagh Massif. Artemisia lerchiana + Tulipa biflora + Allium rubellum + varioherbosa is found in relatively less saline and relatively stony areas, mainly in clayey stony-gravelly areas on open slopes with a slope of 5-30°. The main regulators of the varioherboso - artemioso - salsolletum dendroideae association are Artemisia lerchiana and other species.
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Characteristics of the Hole-Meadow Vegetation of Kur-Aras Lowland (Azerbaijan)
Статья научная
In article the description of the main types of meadow communities which were registered in Mil plain was given. It was also given their geobotanical classification. Distribution, contemporary situation, species biodiversity, morphobiological, bioecological and phytocenological features of this vegetation was analyzed. It was determined that hole-meadow vegetation type of researched area contains 4 formation classes, 14 formation groups and 39 associations.
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Characteristics of the genre and style in the works of Yassawi
Статья научная
In the form of hikmet Ahmed Yassawi is a historical document that reads the life of the Yassawi sheikh himself, divided by him into two periods: sixty-three years on earth and sixty-three years under the earth. The results of the study of the Hikmet Corps convince that Ahmed Yassavi, despite the presence of phantasms in his texts, lived and served his faith as a sane person who organized an authoritative Sufi organization in Turkestan and effectively led it for decades.
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Chemical composition and pharmacological activity of plants of the Hypericum L. genus
Статья обзорная
The purpose of this work was to present the results of summarizing the literature data on the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of the Hypericum L. genus. The chemical composition of St. John’s wort (Hyperici herba) has been studied quite fully within the Eurasian area of the species; more than 80 components have been identified. The main biologically active compounds of raw materials are anthracene derivatives (hypericin), flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, hyperozoid), phenylpropanoids (chlorogenic acid) and hyperforin. The review article presents physical constants and spectroscopic ((-NMR) proton magnetic resonance, (13C NMR) 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, (-UV) ultraviolet, (-IR) infrared) interpretations of biologically active substances obtained from secondary metabolites from species belonging to genus. The results of pharmacognostic and pharmacological studies determine the feasibility of clinical trials of St. John’s wort raw materials drugs and their use in a wide therapeutic range in the complex treatment of diseases. Herba St. John’s wort is a promising source of raw materials for obtaining antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, astringent, diuretic, antidepressant, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, immunotropic and adaptogenic agents.
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Chemical composition of the aerial part of Valeriana alliariifolia adams
Статья научная
The article presents information about the component composition of the acetone extract of the aerial part of Valeriana alliariifolia Adams. Plant raw materials for research were collected in the flowering phase from Batabat Reserve, Shahbuz district of Nakhchivan. Crystalline substances were obtained from the acetone extract of the plant. The individuality of the substances was checked by thin layer chromatography on Silufol UV 254 plates. The component content of the obtained extract was determined by the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method (GC-MS). GC-MS analysis of the aerial part of the plant revealed the presence of five volatile constituents such us methylene chloride; trichloromethane; carbon tetrachloride; carbonic acid, ethyl-, methyl ester; ethane 2 chloro 1,1 detoxy.
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Choosing an effective podcasting service for learning English language
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The rapid development of network information technologies opens up new prospects in the field of education. It is safe to say that in the modern world there is a tendency to merge educational and information technologies in order to form on this basis fundamentally new integrated learning technologies, based, in particular, on Internet technologies. With the use of podcasts, learning becomes interactive, the importance of independent work of students increases, the intensity of the educational process is seriously increased, etc.
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Chorological analysis of species of Sedum L. genus distributed in the Lesser Caucasus
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The Sedum L. genus is represented by 22 species in the Azerbaijan flora. According to the system of N. N. Portenier, 14 species distributed in the Lesser Caucasus were chorologically analyzed and their geographical elements were determined.
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Chromatic “zero signs” in modern period cities
Статья научная
The research object is the chromatic “zero sign” understood as a meaning without a form, as an absence of positive significance, which should have been presented analogically with the other syntagmas, where a sign with the same meaning has an explicit form. The goal of the study is to undertake a theoretical reconstruction of ways and means through which “zero signs” manifested themselves in the urban space of the modern period. The paper discusses differences between “zero signs” and index signs, reveals the functions of “zero signs” in the European urban environment of the modern period. It contains the description of colour limitations and appeals for practically complete negation of colour (for usage of chromatic “zero signs”) presented in the documents regulating urban colouring of Germany, France, Italy, Russia and other countries of the 18th-19th centuries. Practical recommendations of how to choose colours, suggested by F. C. Schmidt in his book “People’s architect” are analysed. Content of ordinances of Paris authorities, the structure of the colour plan of Turin, related to colour decrees of the Russian Empire are discussed. The idea of imitation of the constructed urban spaces to the ancient ones is considered as a basis of colour negation in urban coloristics. It is shown that the concept of “zero sign” opens wide prospects for the analysis of sign systems outside a natural language, namely a system of urban colouring where cases of colour negation of city objects are rather frequent throughout the course of history of urban settlement development.
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Chromatic “zero signs” in the Soviet urban colour design
Статья научная
The research object is the tradition of сhromatic colours displacement from the urban environment. The main goal of the study is to analyse the role, that chromatic “zero signs” played in the environment of Soviet cities and towns, and to reveal their semantics. The findings and key principles of semiotics are used as the main theoretical and methodological research tool. Urban coloristics is seen as a language based on a system of interrelated oppositions, and the non-use of color in urban space is discussed in the context of the role of “zero signs” in sign systems outside the natural language. The author provides an analysis of the history of the development of urban colouristics and, on this basis, justifies the idea of importance for studying and understanding of “zero” colour as a semiotics object the “reflexive symmetry” principle and the usage of an ethnolinguistic strategic line of the analysis as well as a social and cultural one. The paper reveals the unique additional shades of meaning that the non-use of colour in urban coloristics acquired due to a special socio-cultural situation of the Soviet period. The social structure of Soviet urban society and its change under the influence of urbanization and rural migration are analyzed. We consider the value system of urban residents and analyze its relationship with the social division of urban space. The mechanisms supporting chromophobia in Soviet society are described. The specifics of Soviet urban spaces are discussed in comparison with the cities of the rest of Europe. Based on the analysis of architectural features of constructivism, neoclassicism, and Stalin empire style, different forms of “zero signs” in the space of Soviet cities and towns are identified and characterized.
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Cilioplankton communities as an indicator of the pollution degree in the Caspian Sea
Статья научная
During 2014-2021 years a study of the species diversity of planktonic ciliates of the Caspian coast of the Absheron Peninsula was conducted. As a result of research in planktonic communities of free-living ciliates, 62 species, belonging to 22 families were observed. Among the recorded families, Strombidiidae takes first place in terms of the number of species. The families Uronychiidae, Nassulidae, Epistylidae, and Zoothamniidae were represented by only one species. A correlation between similarity of the planktonic ciliates species diversity and the degree of organic pollution of coastal area marine water has been established. The results of the cluster analysis showed that the highest similarity of the species diversity (95.5%) was noted for two collection points on the northern coast of Absheron, near the settlements of Novkhani and Bilgah. This is due to the fact that the northern coast is less polluted by oil products and domestic sewage. Thus, according to the similarity of species diversity of planktonic communities of ciliates on the coast of the Absheron Peninsula, the two clusters are clearly distinguished. One unites the cleanest sites (Novkhani and Bilgah - 95.5%), and all the other 4 stationary points of the collection (Sumgait, Turkan, Shikh, Sangachal - more than 50%) are combined into the second cluster.
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Classification of threats to the socio-economic security of the country
Статья научная
Danger in General, and not only socio-economic, is considered such due to the fact that it creates a threat of destruction of the object or harms it. The danger of socio-economic security has the ability to be defined in the final form as some harm, an integral indicator of which characterizes the level of decline in socio-economic potential for a specific time. The danger is understood as an array of criteria, processes, moments that prevent the implementation of socio-economic needs and interests or form a threat to them and the subjects of economic activity.
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Climate change impact on the Absheron peninsula vegetation
Статья научная
Climate change is one of the global problems of modern times, and the increase in the average annual temperature in our country over the past 100 years to 0.4-1.3 °C has affected the structure and function of cultural ecosystems in the Absheron Peninsula. In order to study the impact of climate change on the peninsula, dendrochronological and dendroclimatological studies were conducted, forest assessments were analyzed. The study found that the increase in carbon dioxide in forests due to climate change in the Greater and Lesser Caucasus has affected the growth dynamics, phenology, growth, root system and productivity of plants. The increase in CO2 in the Greater Caucasus is due to the endemic, rare, endangered tree plants of Azerbaijan Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey., Parrotia persica (DC.) C. A. Mey., Carpinus betulus L., Pinus eldarica Medw. , and others. manifests itself more in species. As a result of warming observed in forests in the northern regions of the Greater Caucasus, an increase in the annual ring remnants of young trees was observed in 2010-2020 compared to 1850. Rapid growth of plants was observed in the early stages of plant growth in areas where the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere increased. At the same time, it should be noted that the excessive increase in CO2 in forests caused drought stress in July and August. Although climate change has affected the physiology and growth of trees in the study, increasing ozone in the area balances it by resisting the positive effects of CO2.
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Clinical and epidemiological assessment of anthrax
Статья научная
The article presents the results of epidemiological, clinical analysis of the registered incidence of anthrax for the period from 2015 to 2020 in Osh, Jalal-Abad region of the Kyrgyz Republic. There is a pronounced tendency to increase the incidence of anthrax with a wide spread in disadvantaged inpatient facilities.
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Статья научная
It is now known that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can infect cells in the gastrointestinal tract as well as the liver. Liver dysfunction is found in 14-53% of patients with COVID-19. Scientists have found that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can directly infect liver cells and cells lining the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts (cholangiocytes), since they contain, although in low concentrations, a special enzyme ACE-2, which serves as an entry point into cells of some coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. The next stage in the development of pathology is inflammation and the formation of blood clots. With a violent reaction of the immune system, an excessive release of cytokines occurs, which aggravates the condition and, in some cases, leads to reactive hepatitis.
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Co-infection of hepatitis a and herpes simplex virus: a case report
Статья научная
Hepatitis A is a self-limiting disease where fulminant hepatitis and death occur in a small proportion of patients. Fulminant hepatic failure is more common in patients with underlying liver diseases, such as chronic hepatitis B and C, co-infection with more than one genotype of hepatitis A at the same time, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or alcoholic steatohepatitis, in advanced age and with dependence on intravenous drugs. We present a case of infection of hepatitis A and herpes simplex virus that lead to acute liver failure. In this rare case, the importance of attention to the first manifestations of the disease in diagnosing severe cases of hepatitis A in adults is emphasized. At the same time, HSV hepatitis can also be the cause of fulminant hepatic insufficiency. Therefore, patients with severe hepatitis A need an early examination for HSV infection, and empirical treatment with acyclovir should begin at early stage.
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Cognitive approach to the classification of phraseological units with the component “water”
Статья научная
Phraseology has been at the focus of attention in different fields of linguistics because of its important role in verbalization of a particular nation’s mentality and cultural values. According to cognitive linguistics, phraseological units verbalize on language level cognitive models produced in our minds by comparing one phenomenon to another. This article is aimed to analyze phraseological units with the component of “water” in English language according to a cognitive parameter and to group them in accordance with the metaphorical meanings they denote.
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Cognitive-pragmatic analysis of inductive modality and means of its expression in a language
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Modality is a multidimensional category that has different ways of expression and functioning in language. Within the framework of the communicative-pragmatic approach, modality is considered in inextricable connection with the utterance, the speech act and the communicative situation as a whole. The article is devoted to the study of the category of incentive modality. The definition of the category of modality is given and defines the main means of expressing modality.
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Статья научная
The article is devoted to the pragmatic and cognitive stylistic analysis of semantic deviations in the short story “Fault Lines” written by Barbara Kingsolver. It goes without saying that in literary works a language tends to have immense meaning since the author has unlimited freedom to communicate his/her ideas in his literary works. This allows a writer to make full use of his creativity to convey his/her message towards the readers by applying his individual style. Semantic deviation is one of the linguistic deviations which is implemented when a combination of incompatible and illogical words violates literary norms of a language in an attempt to evoke a reader’s surprise, grab a reader’s attention, exert emotional effect and bring aesthetic beauty to a literary text. On top of that, very few investigations have been carried out to research cognitive-stylistic characteristics along with pragmatic characteristics of semantic deviations as key mechanisms of foregrounding and thus this can be an attempt to fill this gap. The language in use will be analyzed in an attempt to study “the meaning of language in relation to a context and of use and users”. Therefore, it becomes apparent that cognitive aspects and pragmatic aspects go hand in hand and in order to conduct effective research both aspects have to be and will be taken into account.
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Combining digital stories with the internet
Статья научная
The Internet has the potential to enhance writing and literacy skills while offering a uniquely stylized form of expression. They are an excellent way to use educational technology and storytelling inside the classroom and beyond school walls. Producing digital stories give opportunities to self-expression encouraging creativity. They are both individualistic and collaborative because reading and writing can be used in a variety of academic contexts.
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Communicative Approach in Teaching Foreign Languages
Статья научная
The Communitive Approach in language teaching starts from а theory of language as communication. The goal of language teaching is to develop communicative competence. Another linguistic theory of communication favored in CLT is functional account of language use. Linguistic is concerned with the description of speech acts of texts, since only through study of language in use are all the functions of language and therefore all components of meaning brought into focus. The goal of language teaching is to develop what referred to as “communicative competence”. This term is coined in order to contrast а communicative view of language and theory of competence. Linguistic theory is concerned primarily with an ideal speaker-listener in а completely homogeneous speech community, who knows its language perfectly and is unaffected by such grammatically irrelevant conditions as memory limitation, distribution, shifts of attention and interest, and errors (random or characteristic) in applying his knowledge of the language in actual performance.
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