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Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 6181
Development of light industry branches in Uzbekistan based on vertical integration
Статья научная
The textile industry takes leading positions in the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan with sufficient raw material and qualified personnel and labour power. This network is developing rapidly, especially on the basis of the right policy pursued by the government. Cotton fibre grown in the country as the main raw material for the textile industry is important in this regard. The analysis shows that, while world-class scientists have discovered several different chemical fibres, cotton fibre is one of the world’s leading natural resources and the demand for it is constantly increasing. In this sense, it is necessary to use the existing opportunities, apply new management methods, introduce modern standards and methods of corporate governance, and strengthen the role of shareholders in strategic management of enterprises.This article analyzes the growth of the volume of production of light industry sectors in the development of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and the author has developed a multidimensional forecast for the production of light industry products. My idea of the author, it is necessary to fully coordinate the production of light industry enterprises in the context of Uzbekistan in the context of the competitive environment in the market and to examine the factors of their socioeconomic efficiency by utilizing modern strategies based on the improvement of vertical integration.
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Development of off-farm employment in rural environment: trends and directions
Статья научная
The article is devoted to the development off-farm employment such as storage, processing and marketing of agricultural products, rural trade, agrotourism, folk crafts, domestic and socio-cultural services for the rural population, harvesting and processing of wild fruits and berries and etc. in the rural environment.
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Development of regional economy with mountain recreation: in case Uzbekistan
Статья научная
This article explores the issues of further development of the regional economy of Uzbekistan on the basis of mountain recreation. The author revealed that the development of this industry is influenced by such factors as the specialization of the region, the economic efficiency of the services sector, the development of recreational regions, etc. During the transition to market relations in many countries, the main problem was the competitiveness of recreational resources.
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Статья научная
The main activities of leading foreign companies are currently the development and production of agricultural machinery, taking into account new legislative requirements both for agricultural production in general and directly for the machinery itself. There is a clear trend towards the widest use of modern computer and information technologies in the design of agricultural machines, which allows to increase productivity and quality of technological operations while reducing operating costs, as well as improve working conditions of employees, management and control of work performed. Intensive resource conservation technologies are technologies related to the introduction of the latest high-performance combines, tractors and a plume of wide-range or combined agricultural units. The next type of resource conservation technologies is based on knowledge and respect for the laws of nature. These are resource conservation technologies through the biologization of agriculture. Resource conservation activities in crop production are based on the complete restoration of land fertility after the removal of nutrients from the soil by agricultural crops. This is ensured by the integrated application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, green manure, bacterial fertilizers, as well as peat and sapropel. All crop production technologies should be resource conservation, environmentally balanced, and have a pronounced zonal character. Moisture conservation technologies in crop production have great prospects due to the development of new crop rotations with an expanded set of crops.
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Статья научная
Among the sucking pests of sugar beet crops in Azerbaijan, black bean aphid (Aphis fabae Scop.), which occurs on beet seedlings from the moment of development of true leaves, causes significant damage. Based on this, the task of our study was to study the main life processes of beet aphids depending on photoperiodic conditions. The work was carried out in the Laboratory of Ecology and Physiology of Insects and the Center for Applied Zoology of Azerbaijan National Academy of Science in 2013-2019. The experiments were carried out in special photo thermostats with automatic control of temperature and light. The results obtained show that the light factor is of secondary importance for the duration of the larval, reproductive periods and for the entire development cycle compared to temperature. It should be noted that winged forms (about 50%) appear in aphid colonies during a 12-hour photoperiod at a temperature of 17 °C. Under the conditions of Azerbaijan, such photoperiod is observed at the end of March and at the beginning of October, when aphids migrate from primary to intermediate plants and vice versa in autumn (early October) from intermediate to primary. The length of the day established in the experiments, which causes the appearance of winged forms, is consistent with the phenology of this species.
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Статья научная
The hot water supply system is one of the important components of the water supply and drainage system of high-rise civil buildings. With the development of the national economy and the improvement of people’s living standards, people’s requirements for popularizing hot water supply and improving hot water supply technology are becoming more and more urgent. In the process of hot water supply, the flow pressure of the pipeline is increased, and the purpose of hot water supply in high-rise buildings is achieved. The experiment analyzes the effect of the pressure ratio on the pipeline in front of the accumulator and the impact valve on the flow of coolant through the check valve. First, through the periodic opening and closing of the shock valve, the pressure continues to rise and fall, and the spring hose exhibits periodic pulsation. The effects of different pressure ratios on pipeline pressure and flow rate are studied, and the data of simulation calculation and actual measurement are analyzed through experiments. The research results have practical significance for improving the water supply efficiency of the hot water supply system of high-rise buildings.
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Development of the innovative food industry in the conditions of ensuring food security
Статья научная
The purpose of this article is to ensure the safety of food and through the development of innovative food industry and learning to increase the production of food. Work to ensure food security of the Republic of Uzbekistan has its own characteristics and analysis of trends and problems identified in this area. As well as ensuring the safety of food and food industry offer based on the priority directions of scientific and practical recommendations developed.
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Development of theoretical and economic aspects of managing expenses
Статья научная
This article outlines the theoretical and economic assessment of the expenditure category and describes the roles of various economic scientists and their role in the enterprise.
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Development of wide bandgap one-dimensional MOF/TiO2 photonic crystal and its gas-sensing properties
Статья научная
Metal-organic framework (MOFs) materials are a type of coordination polymer that have seen significant breakthroughs in material science over the past decade. Because of their high specific surface area and porosity, they are widely used for gas adsorption, storage, and separation. Additionally, their structural tunability allows for a wide variety of MOFs, with more remarkable properties yet to be discovered as research continues. When MOFs are applied in photonic crystals, adjustments to their structure enable them to act as specific gas-sensitive materials, causing shifts in the photonic crystal's forbidden band after gas adsorption. This generates distinguishable signals for effective sensing. In conventional single-metal MOFs, doping with another metal to prepare photonic crystals increases defect size while reducing symmetry and simplicity, leading to more pronounced forbidden bands and improved sensing. Therefore, in this thesis, we aim to partially replace the chromium in MIL-101 with magnesium and then self-assemble it with titanium dioxide to prepare photonic crystals. This approach aims to leverage the exceptional properties of MOFs, resulting in photonic crystals with improved gas-specific recognition and sensitivity, further enhancing their gas-sensing capabilities.
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Development speak from the 1940s until today
Статья научная
The paper briefs on the emergence of the UN and the Bretton-Woods institutions necessitated by the post-war reconstruction of countries and development assistance. The planning, discussion, and implementation of development interventions were carried out exclusively in the English language. Since the origination of the Northern development discourse some 70 years ago, a specialized variant of English, the so-called Developmentspeak, has become widespread in the literature and the practice. Currently, it is used to implement most development programs. The article notes characteristics of Developmentspeak, e. g. it is overloaded with terms and jargonized. The paper also gives examples of Developmentspeak terms and expressions and discusses challenges related to their perception and understanding by countries-recipients of development assistance.
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Diagnostic features of the soils of the Besitchay State Natural Reserve (Azerbaijan)
Статья научная
In the presented article, the geographic position, relief, geological and geomorphological structure, climate, and soil-vegetation cover of the Basitchay State Reserve are given in detail, and some fertility indicators of the main soil types formed in the area are analyzed. The amounts of absorbed bases, active and exchangeable forms of nutrients (NPK) were determined along with humus, total nitrogen, pH, which are diagnostic indicators of soils.
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Статья обзорная
His article discusses the problems of diagnosis of diffuse hyperplastic processes of the endometrium in women in the menopausal transition. Endometrial hyperplasia is a heterogeneous set of pathological processes, ranging from benign proliferation to monoclonal tissue proliferation. During the study, the most optimal criteria for the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in women during the transition to menopause based on the use of a modern diagnostic complex (immunohistochemical and endoscopic technologies) were selected and formed. Endometrium is a hormone-sensitive, cyclically renewed tissue that reacts to the slightest changes in the hormonal status. In this connection, an attempt was made to analyze the prospects and feasibility of using immunohistochemical technologies in gynecological practice. The authors found that the study and analysis of the hormone - receptor status in individuals with endometrial hyperplasia in gynecological practice, consists of two points, first, the hormone-receptor status in endometrial hyperplasia is individual, and the degree of expression of highly productive or low-productive receptor complexes speaks the mechanism of development of receptor desynchronosis, and secondly, the hormone-receptor status determines the sensitivity of endometrial hyperplasia to hormonal therapy.
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Diagnostics of the value system in students
Статья научная
The system of value orientations defines the substantive aspects of personality orientation, and the foundations of its relationships to the surrounding world, other people, itself, the basis of its own worldview and the motivation of its vital activity form the core, the foundations of its life concept and philosophy of life. The methodology for diagnosing value orientations allows you to diagnose the structure of value orientations of an individual or group. The introduction of coaching, individual and group collaboration exercises in training under the influence of factors such as cognitive ability, speed and accuracy of data processing, emotional stability, emotional sensitivity is based on the fact that students are the main tools for the formation and development of interpersonal values such as “pleasant time”, “perception and pleasure of beauty”, “mutual respect” and emotional intelligence. The article covers these issues.
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Dialogue between linguistics and literary studies
Статья научная
The trend towards interdisciplinary that characterizes the modern scientific paradigm requires the development of a common philological terminology. It is suggested that one of the interdisciplinary terms could be “artistic concept”. The article examines the relationship of this methodological construct with the image, on the one hand, and the linguocultural concept, on the other hand. The reality of the logical is the reality of the application of the logical, while the reality of the eidos is the direct manifestation of the essence in general. The concept can then be seen as a methodological construct, i. e. not ontologically, but epistemologically. This is why the immediate task of the philological sciences should be to deactualize the methodology of conceptual analysis in linguistics and to develop it in literary studies.
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Didactic and practical value of metacognitive skills in el classrooms
Статья научная
The article discusses the importance of metacognitive strategies in teaching reading in higher education using media materials. This is put forward in theoretical part of the article referring to a number of scholars who previously studied the issue. Practical part deals with analyzing the problems supposed to arise if students are not aware of and do not use metacognitive competence; and suggesting some guidelines about how EFL teachers can help students to develop that competence.
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Статья научная
The article examines the didactic conditions, opportunities and role of English-language media texts in the formation of sociolinguistic competence of future English teachers when teaching foreign languages in higher educational institutions of our country, analyzes the advantage of multilingualism, which allows the younger generation to freely integrate into the processes of global development. The object of our research is sociolinguistic competence in the educational process of a foreign language in universities. The subject of the study is the didactic possibilities of English-language media texts in the formation of sociolinguistic competence of future English language specialists. The purpose of our research is to determine the didactic capabilities of English-language media texts in the formation and development of sociolinguistic competence of future English language specialists. To achieve this goal, such methods as theoretical and analytical (analysis of methodological literature), systematic approach (pedagogical design and modeling) and methodological experiment were used. The result of the study shows that the most frequently used texts of current news have a very high potential for the formation of sociolinguistic competence of future English language specialists. The value of the work lies in the fact that the results of the study have made a certain contribution to understanding the role of English-language media texts in the formation and development of sociolinguistic competence of future English language specialists.
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Differentiated approach in organizing independent work of students at English lessons
Статья научная
The topic of differentiated instruction has continued to be a hot topic over the past 50 years, and will continue to be so as long as the classroom-lesson system of education exists. Differentiation can be defined as learning that takes place in groups of students, formed on the basis of any peculiarities, while taking into account the individual characteristics of students. In such groups, learning takes place according to several different curricula and programs. Authors describe main variants of realization of independent work with the help of differentiated approach and present the experience of implementing one of the options in teaching English language.
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Differentiated approach in teaching a foreign language
Статья научная
At the present stage of teaching a foreign language, one of the main goals is the formation of foreign language competence, which can be considered as a level of development of socio-cultural, linguistic, learning and cognitive competence, thanks to which the student can use the knowledge obtained in the lessons and apply them in life. One of the main ways to achieve this goal is the system-activity approach, which covers all aspects of foreign language acquisition. In this paper we will try to consider all aspects of the system-activity approach. We will find out how to organize the teacher's work so that this approach really fulfills its functions. Speaking about the system-activist approach, it is very important to note that an important point is the different abilities of all students, different levels of knowledge and preparedness. That is why the differentiated approach in teaching a foreign language deserves special attention.
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Digital transformation and e-commerce adoption: a comparative analysis with a focus on Azerbaijan
Статья научная
This research paper thoroughly investigates the dynamics of digital transformation and e-commerce on a global scale, with a spotlight on Azerbaijan's unique journey. A key focus is placed on Azerbaijan's regulatory landscape, examining the enactment of progressive policies to foster a secure and robust digital commerce environment. This includes assessing laws and regulations introduced to protect online consumers, facilitate digital payments, and encourage the growth of e-commerce startups. Moreover, the contribution of international organizations, such as the World Bank Group and the Asian Development Bank (ADB), in supporting Azerbaijan's digital economy is critically evaluated. These efforts are positioned within the broader context of enhancing digital infrastructure, improving internet accessibility, and promoting digital literacy, which is pivotal for overcoming existing barriers to e-commerce adoption in the country. The paper culminates in offering strategic recommendations tailored to Azerbaijan's context. It suggests pathways for overcoming persistent challenges in e-commerce adoption, enhancing the digital infrastructure, and leveraging emerging opportunities to drive economic growth and digital inclusivity. The recommendations aim to support policymakers, businesses, and international partners in harnessing the full potential of digital transformation as a catalyst for economic development and competitive advantage on the global stage.
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Digitalization of customs duties
Статья научная
In this article, the transition of the Republic of Uzbekistan to the Renaissance period for customs clearance, payment for participation in customs auctions for the qualification certificate of a specialist in the digitalization of world customs duties.
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