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Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 6181
Communicative language teaching
Статья научная
The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to communicative language teaching (CLT) and to describe methodological principles that facilitate the language learning process. CLT furthermore takes a pragmatic or performance-based approach to learning. Its goal is to promote the development of real-life language skills by engaging the learner in contextualized, meaningful, and communicative-oriented learning tasks. CLT methodologies embrace an eclectic approach to teaching, which means they borrow teaching practices from a wide array of methods that have been found effective and that are in accordance with principles of learning as suggested by research findings in research in SLA and cognitive psychology. Its open-ended or principle-based approach allows for a great deal of flexibility, which makes it adaptable to many individual programmatic and learner needs and goals.
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Comparable features in the works of Ibn Battuta and other contemporary travelers
Статья научная
The famous Moroccan Arabic traveler Ibn Battuta made a remarkable contribution to both eastern and western literature. His work Tukhfat an-nuzzor fi garoib al-amsor va ajoib al-afsor (Travelogue) is highly regarded as a valuable source which gives unique information about the culture and traditions, lifestyle of medieval cities and countries. This article analyses the extensive comparison between travels of Ibn Battuta and other outstanding travelers such as a Venetian traveler Marco Polo and a Russian traveler Afanasy Nikitin. Furthermore, it investigates the common situations which can be encountered in each traveler’s journey.
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Статья научная
In the length of time, a wide variety of drug combinations emerged in the management of post-transplantation therapy in order to improve the survival of the recipient and graft. However, the efficacy and safety of the applied combinations regarding the rejection and other complications are continuing to be the subject of research. In our study, our aim is to compare the effects of various combinations, namely cyclosporine with mycophenolate mofetil/mofetil mycophenolic acid with prednisolone and tacrolimus with mycophenolate mofetil/mofetil mycophenolic acid with prednisolone in a length of time. Methods. A total of 204 patients included into the study who received post-renal transplantation treatment in Scientific-Research Institute of Heart Surgery and Organs Transplantation and followed-up over a 10-year period. The estimated survival probabilities in the study were determined by the Kaplan-Meier method; whereas intragroup comparisons were evaluated by Log-rang, Breslow, and Tarone-Ware tests. Complications occurred in patients with combinations were analyzed by Chi-square and its alternatives. Hazard risk factors were tested by Cox regression analysis. Results. Of these 204 patients, 36 received Cyclosporin combination (CCG) and 168 Tacrolimus combination (TCG). The estimated life expectancy of the patients of TCG was significantly longer than the CCG ones. Furthermore, gender and age did not have a significant effect on survival depending on time, however, gender and age-related hazard factor showed a significant difference in the groups. It was determined that chronic rejection was significantly different in patients who used tacrolimus combinations, the difference was close to the significant value in acute rejection analysis. Other adverse events, namely, infection, tumour and organ damage were statistically less common in the patient group treated with tacrolimus combinations. Conclusion. In general, TCG showed better results in contrast to CCG.
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Статья научная
This article compares three prominent villains - Macbeth, Brutus and Iago in three famous tragedies: Macbeth, Julius Caesar and Othello by William Shakespeare according to the terms of intelligence and devilry. These two main aspects are considered for the analysis to find the main similarities and differences and categorize their villainy on the basis of devilry.
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Comparative analysis of prevalence of oral caries in the Kyrgyzstan and Indian population
Статья научная
Oral hygiene plays a very crucial role in every individual from the birth of a human. Oral health cannot be denied specially when it comes to the initial stage of life. The aim of this article is to compare the oral health in the population of India and Kyrgyzstan (6-15 years). It is important to notice, diagnose treat and prevent the prevalence of dental diseases as it has an impact on the physical mental and social life of an individual. Due to the consumption of unhealthy fast food, high quantity of sugar, and deteriorated oral hygiene has resulted into dental impairment and has made room for various dental diseases as toddlers are more easily prone to oral complications or conditions that have a very negative effect on their quality of life. Oral cavity carries out the basic and vital functions for the eventual and progressive tasks for rest of the human body. A smile is a confinement of a person’s self-confidence, self-esteem, personal and social habits, health and lifestyle. Therefore, it is obligatory to keep safe and prevent from disease as it can be fatal in the future or be a root cause of other health complications.
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Comparative analysis of rare and endangered plants of Hirkan dendroflora
Статья научная
In the research work has been comparatively analyzed the Hirkan dendroflora and have been collected herbariums of rare and endangered trees and shrubs. There are identified 26 families, 40 genera, 60 species of rare and endangered trees and shrubs naturally spreading areas, distribution of individuals in populations, have been performed tree-ring analysis on old samples. As a result of the observations have been determined, that in the Hirkan flora the majority of species in the areas have been diminished and decreased compared to previous years, many species are in danger of being disappeared. From this point of view by the monitorings of the area were studied threat criteria, the reasons of decline in plant varieties, those plants have been identified based on version of IUCN 3.1. In the research work have been processed out the protection measures, the biological features of species, the causes of change in natural resources.
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Comparative analysis of the eroded soils on the slopes of the Calderon region, Ecuador
Статья научная
The paper presents the comparative analysis of the eroded soils on slopes. The analysis is based on the materials of field investigations and soil erosion loss models. The developed and earlier approved mathematical soil erosion models proved not to be effective for the Equatorial Andes zone. The results, in relative measurements, may be taken into consideration only as the prerequisites for potential soil erosion loss and be primarily used to support the choice of a key-site for field investigations. The slope soils vulnerable to erosion were investigated. It is revealed that the soils are poor in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The comparative analysis of the soils on the steep slopes indicated insignificant change of their characteristics in accordance with the slope angle inclination.
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Статья научная
In the research and test of diesel engine, because the performance test of multi cylinder engine with different configuration needs to be replaced, and there is a certain risk in the first test, while the single cylinder engine is more suitable for the research and test of different configurations because of its simple structure and convenient replacement of components. Therefore, by comparing the differences of combustion state between single cylinder engine and multi cylinder engine with the same configuration, the change law of performance characteristics of single cylinder engine and multi cylinder engine under different working conditions is confirmed. By analyzing the difference of emission performance of single cylinder engine with different configuration, the emission performance of multi cylinder engine under different configuration is predicted. The research in this paper has important significance for further research and test of diesel engine.
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Статья научная
Postoperative Ventral Hernias to this day remain one of the main pathologies of planned and urgent surgical interventions. The purpose of the study is to study the immune response in patients with postoperative ventral hernias who underwent auto and alloplastic hernioplasty methods. The study included 40 patients diagnosed with postoperative ventral hernia, including 25 men (62.25%) and 15 women (37.5%). In men, the average age was 45.6±2.3 years, and in women 57.2±3.2 years. Patients are divided into 2 groups. Group I are patients who underwent autoplastic methods and group II patients who underwent alloplastic hernioplasty methods. The complex of immunological examination included the determination of a subpopulation of lymphocytes with CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 receptors, interleukin 6, interleukin 10 and immunoglobulins A, M, G. Immunological examination of blood parameters in patients with postoperative ventral hernias revealed the following changes. There is an upward trend in all indicators. In group I, the leukocyte level was increased by +0.2±0.01, and in group II, the indicators were within the normal range. The level of monocytes in patients who underwent alloplasty increased by +1.5±0.2. There was an increase in the concentration of T and B lymphocytes with GD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 receptors on the 7th day after surgery in patients of the first group was +1.85±0.3, +1.6±0.4, +1.6±0.1, +1.5±0.2. And in patients of the second group, the initial level of indicators was lower and increased by +1.2±0.1, +1.4±0.2, +1.67±0.65, +1.03±0.45. The level of IL6 and IL 10 in the postoperative period increased in patients of the first group by +1.55±0.2 and +1±0.9, in the second group it was IL 6 +0.9±1.2, IL 10 +0.8±1.2. The study shows that the indicators of the humoral cell type tended to increase, which shows the result. Conclusions. Patients with postoperative ventral hernias who have undergone autoplastic and alloplastic hernioplasty methods in dynamics, the immunological reactivity indicators significantly increase on the 7th day, in comparison with the initial blood parameters. Namely, in patients who have undergone autoplastic methods of hernioplasty. The use of conventional suture materials in autogernioplasty increases the risk of developing an inflammatory process in the early and long-term postoperative period, in contrast to the use of polypropylene mesh prostheses.
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Статья научная
Data are presented on the biomorphoecological characteristics, comparative phytochemical composition, distribution, pharmacological effects, and the possibility of use in scientific and folk medicine of species belonging to the genus Satureja L. of the genus Lamiaceae Lindl. The object of study are 2 species common in the Autonomous Republic of Nakhchivan: Satureja macrantha C. A. Mey. (large-flowered savory) and Satureja hortensis L. (garden savory). The current state of populations of large-flowered and garden mint species has been studied, and environmental changes have been identified. To carry out the chemical composition, plants of these species were dried, crushed and prepared for analysis in the laboratory under standard conditions. The oil was extracted and analyzed by hydrodistillation (Ginsberg). The resulting oil was analyzed on a chromatographic installation Crystal 2000 M. Essential oils were isolated and analyzed. The substances under study are used in medicine.
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Comparison of vocational pedagogical education in Finland and Czech Republic
Статья научная
The pace of the Russian Economy is increasing rapidly therefore it requires more specialists who will fit in the current standards. That is why we have decided to look through specialists the training in Finland and Czech Republic.
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Comprehensive teaching of subjects in the lower grades of the school
Статья научная
Techniques are considered on how to teach the Kyrgyz language, how to enhance the activities and skills of students. It is recommended to integrate the study of the alphabet with teaching in other academic subjects and the use of different methods in teaching. It is concluded that if the teacher conducts a lesson with research in accordance with his skills, then the lessons of the past will be better absorbed.
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Статья научная
The questions of using computer technology in teaching and learning English language are considered. Computer technology presents a special communication environment between people. The environment includes the representations of different nations, ages, professions irrespective of their location.
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Conceptual principles of setting up economic security
Статья научная
The article provides an overview of setting up economic security of enterprise. The author analyzes the goal, functions, group of measures and outlines the targets and factors of setting up enterprise economic security. The model of setting up economic security of enterprise is represented. The essence of the economic security of the enterprise is defined in the work from the positions of the system approach, the author’s definition of the economic safety of the enterprise is formulated. The category “economic security” at the national and sectoral levels is specified, which explains their interdependence in the process of forming the economic security of the enterprise. The formation of the components of the economic security of an enterprise based on such internal components of economic security as financial, intellectual-personnel, information, resource, technical and technological, power and external-political, legal, market, interface, and environmental, is considered. A model for the formation of the economic security of an enterprise is developed, based on eight successive stages aimed at identifying internal and external threats to the economic security of an enterprise by assessing it for elements to preserve and multiply the economic resources of the enterprise, to prevent crises in a timely manner and to neutralize negative factors. The problems of formation of economic security of food industry enterprises, microclimate and their institutional provision are reflected. A method for assessing the level of economic security of food industry enterprises is proposed, which is based on assessing the level of the components of the formation of the economic security of the enterprise and determining the integral index. The mechanism for the formation of the economic security of the enterprise was developed and proposed, including measures of state regulation that affect the organization of economic security, the creation of socio-economic, organizational and legal conditions for effective reproduction, development and use of the scientific and technological potential of the food industry, the introduction of modern environmentally friendly energy - and resource-saving technologies, production and sale of new types of competitive products.
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Статья научная
The article presents the results of an online survey conducted with teachers and parents of students in a multicultural environment in a Bulgarian school abroad. The purpose of the study is to determine the conditions for the formation of the communication and speech competencies of students in the period of literacy development in schools located outside Bulgaria, where the Bulgarian language is taught.
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Constitutional principles of the judiciary of the Republic of Karakalpakstan
Статья научная
Article discusses provisions that indicate that in order to determine the fundamental principles of the judiciary, it is necessary to study the system of principles on which it is based. As the most general provisions expressing the essence and content of the phenomenon under study, the principles of the judicial system reflect the nature of the judiciary and the level of legal development of society. The status of the judiciary is revealed, first of all, by formulating the principles of its implementation.
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Construction and analysis of LNG cold energy utilization system
Статья научная
The theme of this research is the intermediate fluid vaporizer (IFV) gasification system for an offshore liquefied natural gas floating storage regasification unit (LNG-FSRU). Based on reducing the loss of heat exchange and improve the cold energy utilization, an LNG cold energy utilization system combined with Rankine cycle power generation and desalination is proposed. On this basis, six different schemes of working medium combination are simulated and analyzed, and the optimal scheme of working medium combination is found. The results show that the net output power of the system is 5591 kw, and the system exergy efficiency is 30.38%. The annual economic benefit is CNY 39.4 million.
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Contemporary situation of the Rosaceae family tree crops in the Nakhchivan flora
Статья научная
The presented article provides information on tree crops of the Rosaceae family, distributed in the Nakhchivan flora. During the comparative analysis of the collected actual materials and literature sources, it was determined that 20 cultivated species of the Rosaceae family are found in the studied area. In the article, based on the actual materials collected during the research conducted in the territory of the Nakhchivan at different times, detailed information on the prospects for the use of tree crops of the Rosaceae family is reflected. At the same time, extensive information is provided on the distributing places of the existing crops species, the possibilities of their use in scientific and folk medicine.
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Content and forms of informal economy as an object of institutional analysis
Статья научная
The article analyzes informal economy as a category of the economic science in terms of its content and existing forms from the standpoint of institutional economics. It is substantiated that the institutional approach is a logical step in the analysis of informal economy, which appeared after classical and neoclassical methods. Existing definitions and forms of informal economy are analyzed, complemented and summarized. Important characteristics of informal economy, directly manifesting in its current forms, are distinguished. Ways of improving the effectiveness of government rules are offered.
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Cooperation as a basis for increasing the economic efficiency in protected cultivation of vegetables
Статья научная
The main task of the greenhouse economy is to provide the population with fresh vegetables in the winter season period. Therefore, the cultivation of vegetable crops in protected soil differs significantly from the cultivation of many other crops. The content of the protected soil is justified only under conditions of high-intensity production and the costs of creating and operating a capital greenhouse facility, material costs for their heat supply, electricity. Work in greenhouses is associated with increased the need for skilled and auxiliary labor. The greenhouse production of Uzbekistan is mainly concentrated near large settlements. The industry allows you to receive from the sale of fresh vegetables at least 60% of cash proceeds, over 95% of the total profit of the economy, and the level of profitability from the sale products from year to year increased. The article draws attention to possible reserves of cost savings in the protected cultivation of vegetables.
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