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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 6652
The role of trade routes and local markets in the economic life of the Surkhan oasis
Статья научная
In this article, the overland trade routes that existed in the Beks of Eastern Bukhara in the 18th-20th centuries, what products played the main role in the daily needs of the residents of the oasis, the role of trade relations in the economic, socio-political life of the Beks, were described based on the principles of comparative analysis and historical sequence through historical sources.
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The role of water in the life of living organisms
Статья научная
The article discusses the biological, physical, and chemical properties of natural drinking and bottled mineral waters and examines their mechanism of effect on human health. It provides information on the criteria that drinking water must meet to be considered safe and offers a comparative analysis of mineral waters. The use of various types of mineral waters in the treatment of specific diseases is investigated. The physical and chemical indicators of mineral waters produced in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic and their benefits are described. The research concludes that while proper and effective use of mineral waters is beneficial to human health, improper use without considering their composition can lead to serious safety issues.
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The scientific basis of the relationships between silk seed production companies in Uzbekistan
Статья научная
This article explores the scientific basis of relationships between enterprises of the silk seed production system. Factors influencing the formation of relations between enterprises are grouped, including economic, organizational-demographic, and also natural-geographical factors.
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Статья научная
Relevance of this pathology is since both eyes are affected, characterized by a sluggish, relapsing course, affecting children and adolescents. Since this pathology is based on aseptic inflammation of the vascular wall in the retina of autoimmune origin, leading to hemodynamic disorders, our goal is to study the significance of hemodynamic disorders in various ocular fundus changes in patients with idiopathic retinovasculitis. Special research methods have been performed: autoperimetry, biomicroscopy of the anterior segment and internal structures of the eye, direct and reverse ophthalmoscopy, OCT of optic disc and yellow spot, autofluorescence vascular OCT with central retinal artery and central retinal vein calibrometry, ultrasound Doppler sonography of retinal vessels. Blood tests for antibodies of viral, bacterial and infectious diseases, immune status testing. Results: greater increase in the linear velocity of blood flow in the arteria ophthalmica, central retinal artery and central retinal vein and superior orbital vein in patients with neuroretinopathy: respectively: 64.86±0.46 cm/sec, 62.0±1.03 cm/sec (P
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Статья научная
This article is devoted to studying teacher literacy of IELTS writing Task 2 assessment in Azerbaijan as a developing country. The problem regarding lack of teacher literacy in this area as well as reasons lying behind it were discussed to achieve an expedient conclusion. The article also describes further plans in regard to possible solutions to this problem. Writing is a very challenging module for IELTS teachers in Azerbaijan regarding the implementation of right tools while evaluating. We are convinced of this because of our awareness of students’ unfavorable writing Task 2 results in Azerbaijan. Considering the fact that ongoing assessment is an inseparable part of teaching, it appears reasonable that it is teacher’s literacy level of assessment, as one of the greatly influential factors, that lies at the root of students’ adverse writing test results. The reason that makes us to focus on teacher assessment literacy in regard to this issue is that both need for teaching to IELTS test as well as integration of assessment methods into teaching process are new tendencies in Azerbaijan which require some more time and efforts from teachers to adapt. So teacher literacy of IELTS writing Task 2 assessment is generally the main idea of this article.
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Статья научная
During period 2015-2020 spreading of acanthocephaliasis in the rainbow and brown trout in the fish breeding farms of Azerbaijan Republic was studied. Totally, from 668 fish examined specimens 430 (64.37%) were infected. Correlation of data on the extensiveness and intensity of invasion by thorny-headed worms (Acanthocephala) in trout farms is ventured to make an assumption about unfavorable epidemiological situation in trout breeding farms of the Republic of Azerbaijan. For the purpose of control acanthocephaliasis in trout, a number of drugs were used. The most effective drug was Tetramizole-20%, which was adopted in the trout farms.
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The specific features of the Republic of Uzbekistan macroeconomic development
Статья научная
In this paper looked through priory directions of The Strategy for Actions on the development of Uzbekistan in 2017-2021, that is developed by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, socio-economic development results of Uzbekistan in 2016. As well as stated on sharp and sensitive reforms held on deepening market reform and liberalization of economy, improving business environment, supplying further development of small business and private entrepreneurship (SMPE) in order to develop competition in the market, easing business conditions, developing favorable business environment, eliminating barriers and obstacles in developing SMPE.
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The specifics of communication on the internet
Статья научная
This article examines the problems of modern communication on the Internet social networks, the impact of such communication on society as a whole, its development. One of the main forms of modern communication culture is communication via the Internet. Social networks, blogs, and chats have now almost completely replaced live communication. The Internet gives modern man freedom and restricts it at the same time. Virtual communication is carried out only at the lexical, morphological and syntactic level. But at the same time, the level itself has become so primitive, the monotony of vocabulary and morphological forms with such rich possibilities of our language is no longer surprising, but frightening. As for the syntax, there is a complete lack of respect for the language. And all this has a bad effect on the ecology of the language.
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The study of the simplest models of mathematical ecology in the simulation software AnyLogic
Статья научная
The work carried out qualitative and quantitative study of the patterns of interaction of populations that form the basis of modern mathematical ecology. A qualitative analysis of the simplest model of the classical model of the “predator-prey” Volterra-Lotka by bringing it to a form that contains a controlled setting. The necessity of transition from Malthusian model to model with the logistic growth function. It is shown that in this system there is a stationary point. It builds a simple model taking into account the population density of the territory of the victims and predator’s mortality functions, depending on the size of the prey population. A model of the predator-multiple victims. The model is adapted on account of the interaction of predators with several kinds of victims, bearing in mind that victims also put pressure on each other. Built function that allows you to set a limit of “saturation” of the range of special, which was based on the equilibrium level of the populations of both victims and predators. A study of non-classical model of the “predator-prey” with trophic predator function, which depends on the ratio of the densities of populations of predators and prey. The expediency of using as an analytical research platform of simulation system AnyLogic, allowing use all known modeling concepts. A comprehensive study of the classical model of Volterra-Lotka. The phase portraits of the system taking into account the change system parameters and initial conditions. Parametric analysis of the influence coefficient model on populations. The results of the modeling and the analysis of models with logistic growth function of population size, model “predator-victim two” model taking into account the effect of the available space. The quantitative study of the non-classical model, taking into account the influence of the parameters of initial data and initial conditions on the phase portrait of the system.
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Статья научная
Examines the stylistic role of prepositions in Chingiz Aitmatov's novella Jamila and how they are adapted in translations into Kyrgyz and English. The study analyzes the linguistic and cultural nuances conveyed through prepositions in the original Russian text, exploring how these elements are preserved or transformed in translation. Special attention is given to the semantic, syntactic, and stylistic shifts that occur during the translation process. The research highlights the challenges translators face when conveying subtle emotional and cultural meanings tied to prepositions, offering insights into cross-linguistic equivalence and adaptation.
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The stylistic nature of the theory of foregrounding in the literary text
Статья научная
The theory of foregrounding plays an integral part in the way a reader perceives and decodes linguistic expression, whereas construal process allows for dynamic categorization and portrayal of a situation with the help of a big diversity of linguistic means. By means of classification of construing phenomena, scholars identified key dimensions such as attention, judgment, perspective and constitution, elucidating intricate mechanisms of comprehension and expression of language. The article touches on two types of saliencies in cognitive linguistics such as cognitive and ontological salience. It also underscores Langacker’s notion of “entrenchment” and investigates the concepts of communicative salience, gearing towards profiling and trajectory / landmark alignment to set forth how attention is directed in linguistic expressions. The article examines the theory of foregrounding in cognitive linguistics and its correlation with construal operation. It sheds light on how language shapers perception and categorization of situation, participants and their features through a wide range of construal phenomenon. The article dives into various classifications and subcategories of construal phenomenon, highlighting the way attention, judgment, perspective and constitution play a part in language input and output. The article sets forth complex interplay of language, cognitive operations and salience, in particular within the framework of cognitive linguistics. The article investigates how language means and structures contribute to the foregrounding of prominent conceptual elements and decoding scenes and situations. The scientific work explores a wide range of notions of salience in literary analysis, primarily focusing on Leech and Short’s concepts of literary relevance, psychological prominence and statistical deviance. The article delves into the way these notions cooperate with one another and contribute to subjective recognition of style in literary texts. Moreover, it explores the role of figure and ground in the theory of foregrounding emphasizing how original and striking linguistic means, or “figures” stand out from conventional linguistic elements, aka. “ground” contributing to actualization and creative presentation of the world in literature. Overall, the scientific article emphasizes dynamic process of stylistic analysis and the function of literature in presenting the world in a novel and creative manner.
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The system of ensuring social and economic security of the industrial sector
Статья научная
The methodological basis for the formation of the system of ensuring socio-economic security includes features of the industrial sector. The specifics of his defense was designed to show with the help of the methodological and operational foundations. Methodological framework is formulated based on the research process the functional specificity provide socio-economic security of the industrial sector. They form the perimeter of ensuring social and economic security, which is formed by the expectations of society from the defense system of the industrial sector of the country. Operating bases are complementary to the functional specificity of the system provide socio-economic security by means of the formation of a specific institutional framework. Among them, the following are noted: modeling, allowing multivariate escalation of adverse events in the industrial sector and methods of its evaluation; instrumental assistance, taking into account the need for instrumental diversity for the implementation of defense functions in changing criteria (the environment of the industrial sector, its structure and the state of inter-element connections); functional coherence as the need to balance the goals of ensuring the socio-economic security of the industrial sector with the objectives and values of the formation of the industrial sector of the country, which are fixed in the policy documents of the state.
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The therapeutic action of the leech Hirudo medicinalis
Статья обзорная
The article under discussion examines the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of the medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis . Today, studying the composition of the saliva of medicinal leeches is of the greatest relevance. The secretion of leech saliva contains a whole complex of biologically active substances - it contains more than a hundred medicinal components, enzymes, hormones, vitamins and amino acids, as well as a special substance hirudin, which makes the blood more fluid, which prevents the formation of unnecessary platelets. This is an indispensable way to prevent heart attacks, strokes and thrombosis. The author of the article believes that proof of the medicinal properties of specific components of saliva can lead to the development of new drugs or therapeutic methods.
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The tip of the iceberg theory (based on A very short story by Ernest Hemingway)
Статья научная
There is always something that distinguishes one author from another one. That something might be the genre, choice of the words, theme of the literary work, attitude of the author toward the characters, moral that can be extracted by the readers, and so on. Along with these distinctions Ernest Hemingway’s “iceberg” style of writing also has tremendous significance because it is mostly the style of writing that makes the author stand out from the rest. The main aim of the article is to reveal the “iceberg” of Hemingway through his short story “A Very Short Story”. In order to achieve this goal, we used discourse analysis which includes lexical and grammatical cohesion, deixis (person deixis, place deixis, time deixis, social deixis), presupposition, entailment, implicature, locution, illocution, and perlocution. Aforementioned elements also comprise sub-elements which we demonstrate in this article.
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The unity of sport and morality in theoretical and practical training in boxing
Статья научная
The article shows that although sports and morality are perceived as separate concepts, there is a common point that unites the two areas, and there is a system of rules that constitute human and interpersonal relationships. Both concepts emerged as a result of the interaction of human relationships. Exercises and physical education classes in certain sports help students to form interests and play a major role in their social development. The main topic of the article is the physiological features of the moral boxer’s activity. Boxing is a non-cyclical form of sport, i. e. in boxing, the movement of the upper extremities is carried out with a certain intensity. Boxing is a sport of speed-speed-stroke. Therefore, the boxer must be able to use all the functional capabilities of the body, both during training and competition. In the process of training, both motor qualities (strength, endurance, speed) increase and improve, as well as physiological developmental processes take place in its vegetative functions: blood circulation, respiration, digestion and other systems. In boxing, the strength of long muscles, endurance and activity are of particular importance. In this regard, both the boxer and his coach must have a thorough knowledge of the general physiological and biochemical processes of the body.
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The use of Arabisms in the poem “Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)” by Egemberdy Ermatov
Статья научная
The article studies usage of the words borrowed from Arabic in the poem “Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)” by Egemberdy Ermatov. It’s known from history that there wasn’t a direct contact of Kyrgyz language with Arabic but orally and through other languages words were borrowed from Arabic into the Kyrgyz language before XVI century. After gaining sovereignty as a democratic society Kyrgyzstan was in principle open to the free exercise of religion. The poem was written after gaining sovereignty and it’s essential to study its language, Arabism in particular. Studying Arabic borrowing used in the poem, it has been found out that the author avoided religious terms that are obscure for ordinary readers. Out of 1100 words picked up by T. Abdiev as Arabism from the dictionary complied by K.K. Yudahin, 365 words were used in the poem. The most frequently used words are Muslim, mystery, Mecca and life. It can also be concluded that under the influence of bilingualism etymological doublets appeared in the Kyrgyz language.
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Статья научная
The purpose of this article is to identify the possibilities of audiovisual means in teaching a professional foreign language. To solve this problem, the article considers the ways of integration of network educational resources in the educational process, which allows creating a more effective educational environment, expands the range of topics and enriches the educational material with authentic sound and visual material. It is obvious that the use of these means of training in foreign language classes is not an absolute guarantee of the successful formation of foreign language competence. These training materials should be used purposefully and rationally, within a certain methodological system, which involves the consistent implementation of didactic principles.
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The use of digital technology in marketing
Статья научная
The transition to the digital economy is a necessary requirement of today. Digitalization of the economy allows people to ease many of the tasks associated with work, with the search for information, which they repeatedly face, wide opportunities digitalization opens for people in the development of business. The article attempts to consider the essence and purpose of digital marketing, to disclose the methods, channels and tools of digital marketing, to determine its strengths and weaknesses, to identify what is the strategy for the development of this new stage in the evolution of marketing.
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The use of medicinal plants by the Kyrgyz of the southwestern part of the Fergana valley
Статья научная
This article notes that the use of flora as medicine by Kyrgyz people in the South-Western region of the Fergana valley has its own characteristics, despite their influence as a result of the relationship of Kyrgyz people with other peoples. It is also proved by scientists that the traditional folk treatment of the Kyrgyz belongs to the ancient period. The author provided the collected field materials that the South-Western Kyrgyz of the Ferghana valley knew perfectly well that medicinal plants contain biologically active substances useful for human health and how they well assimilated ways to purify the body from many diseases. Given useful information about what medicinal properties of the flora is in various parts of plants in different sizes, and in some parts is not available and about how to make drugs the South-West of the Kyrgyz Fergana valley.
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Статья научная
In this paper, a three-stage series power generation system is designed. The waste heat generated by the engine is used as the heat source, and the energy released before LNG liquefaction is used as the cold energy. It is used to improve the performance of the system by increasing the carbon dioxide transcritical cycle. With the target of maximum generation capacity and exergic efficiency, exergic pressure and condensation pressure in the system were selected for the most beneficial generation capacity and efficiency of the system through analysis of exergic pressure and evaporation pressure.
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