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Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 6181
Topical issues in training vocational educators of economy and management
Статья научная
The article is dedicated to considering the content of documents on vocational educators of economy and management. The conformity of the documents has been examined. The current employers’ requirements for vocational educators of economy and management and indication of current issues with the ways to solve them have been provided.
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Статья научная
This article is devoted to learning long traditions of Surkhan valley agriculture. It was proved by ethnographical field materials and archive documents in this article that Surkhan valley was surrounded by mountains covering 3 sides, only southern side was open to Amu-Darya, and this geographical position was very comfortable for agriculture. It was scientifically determined that Surkhan valley was not only high-tempered area, but also very convenient land with sunny weather. New kinds of the crops of Surkhan valley agriculture were augmented according to local position at the period of Bukhara emirate. Creating special kinds of land products and cereals suitable for valley climate were written based on archive sources. Changes happening on sowing crops in the valley influencing political, economic and ethnographical processes resulted by Bukhara emirate’s being dependent to Russian empire were given based on scientific literature, archive materials, and statistics. As well as stretching cotton-growing lands, traditions of agriculture, and transformation processes were analyzed by many historical-ethnographical sources for this time.
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Training at school and university: results of the imitating modeling
Статья научная
In the article the features of use of the computer simulations for study of the didactic systems are discussed. It is offered the three-component model of training of the learner interested by exact sciences, which after leaving school goes to university on physical and mathematical faculty. The purpose and tasks. To study opportunities of construction of the “teacher-learner” model which takes into account: 1) division of the educational disciplines on the “exact” and "humanitarian-qualitative" subjects; 2) distributions of the educational information on years of training; 3) transitions of the weak (quickly forgotten) knowledge in the strong knowledge, which the pupil forgets slower; 4) dependences of the learner’s motivation and the assimilation coefficient from character of the learned subjects and year of training; 5) degrees of use of the studied material on various disciplines at the subsequent training and everyday life. To create the imitating model of training at school and university, to analyse the results of modeling. Methodology. The methods of the qualitative, mathematical and computer (imitating) modeling are used. It is analysed the one-component model of the didactic system. The three-component model of training at school and university is created, the system of the differential equations is written, the computer program, which calculates the learner's knowledge in the various time moments, is submitted. Results. The computer model of the system “teacher-learner” is offered. The graphs of temporary dependences of the strong and weak knowledge of the physical and mathematical and “humanitarian-qualitative” disciplines are received and analysed. Conclusions. It is proved the possibility of creation of the imitating model of training at school and university which for any moment of time allows to calculate approximate quantity of: 1) the strong and weak knowledge of learner; 2) the knowledge of the “exact” and “humanitarian” subjects; 3) the pupil’s knowledge studied within concrete year of training.
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Статья научная
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are vital energy-conversion devices in a hydrogen-fueled economic. In this study, we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study 4e- oxygen reduction reaction process on transition metal embedded in single and double vacancies (SV and DV) in a graphene. We calculated bonding energy and adsorption energy on CoX3 (X = B, C, N, Si, P and S) and CoX4 (X = B, C, N, Si, P and S) embedded in graphene. Our DFT results indicate that formation of CoX3 is unfeasible and the formation of CoX4 is feasible. In addition, the crucial role of ligand atoms near embedded metal atoms is revealed via the molecular orbital theory. Then the Gibbs free energy of CoX4 are calculated and the CoN4, CoS4, and CoP4 are predicted to be active for catalyzing ORR, and these also show ligand atoms’ coordination effect for catalytic activity of central metal. Furthermore, we observed that they have identical rate-determining step (RDS). This work can provide some references for transition atoms catalytic doped in carbon materials.
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Transition of nanoparticles Fе3O4 and Al in a simplified aquatic food chain
Статья научная
This article presents the results of experiments on the transitions of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (20-30 nm) and Al (18 nm) from one organism to another, making up a simple food chain (plant-mollusk-fish). In experiments, mollusks (Melonopsis praemorsa) feed on the leaves of plant ( Elodea canadensis ) after being contaminated with Al or Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were detected using TEM analysis in the cells of the mollusk’s organs. Then the fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed with mollusks. The distribution and localization of nanoparticles in fish organs has been determined. Experimental results showed that nanoparticles can pass from one organism to another in the food chain. Nanoparticles accumulate mainly in the liver of mollusks and fish.
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Translating Methods of Realities in English, Russian and Kyrgyz Culture
Статья научная
This article is devoted to the problem of translation of linguistic realities in English, Russian and Kyrgyz cultures. The article is an overview of the realities in the mentioned cultures. An attempt is made to find ways to overcome the linguo-ethnic barrier when translating concepts from the Kyrgyz language, reflecting the national character. The essence of this problem boils down to the fact that the main requirement of translation is to preserve the originality of the translated text and to study the cultural component of the text. It should be aimed at identifying the differences between the original and the translation, not only because of the linguistic form, but also because of the cultural one. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the elements of the linguistic specificity of translation of realities in English, Russian and Kyrgyz cultures. The subject of the research is ethnic elements - objective problems arising during translation, and methods of their solution, that is, the transfer of cultural realities during translation. The article examines the theory of cultural realities in the translation aspect and analyzes the main features and methods of translating words-realities. The selected realities are analyzed from the point of view of their translation methods to identify the most effective ones. To solve the set specific tasks, the following methods were used in the work: analysis, synthesis, classification and generalization of the data obtained. As a result of the study, material was obtained, the analysis of which made it possible to conclude that the choice of one way or another way to overcome the linguo-ethnic barrier depends on the situation of intercultural communication, as well as on the goals of the participants in the communication.
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Статья научная
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide. This paper presents results of treating patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (BC). All the patients underwent surgical intervention, adjuvant, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were evaluated the volume of which depended on the stage of the disease. The side effects of different treatment options were analyzed. Triple-negative breast cancers have a relapse pattern that is very different from hormone-positive breast cancers: the risk of relapse is much higher for the first 3-5 years but drops sharply and substantially below that of hormone-positive breast cancers after that. Five-year relapse-free and overall survival rates were traced in this patient group. It is concluded that the used procedures of combination treatment for metastatic triple-negative BC are highly effective.
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Trend models for the analysis of socio-economic security
Статья научная
The correctness of the trend choice for forecasting the characteristics of socio-economic security statistics can be qualified by the mean square error and the aspect of “Ascending” and “Descending” series (although there are other aspects, for example, the aspect based on the median of the sample). According to the proposed model, it is possible to predetermine the average monitoring errors for the development of the lower and upper limits of the forecast version of the values of the characteristics of socio-economic security statistics. The creation of a model is a rather labor-intensive process, as a result of which it is advisable to use, as a rule, the deterministic component of trend models when predicting the characteristics of socio-economic security statistics.
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Trends of development of the Uzbekistan stock market and analysis of influencing factors
Статья научная
The relevance and scientific and practical significance of this topic is insufficient knowledge of the theoretical and practical aspects of improving the infrastructure of the stock market in Uzbekistan is not sufficiently studied as an independent, independent research facility, determines the relevance of the chosen topic. In the opinion of the author, in the conditions of the current modernization of the economy it is especially important to create conditions and establish a mechanism for access to the world stock markets and have a share in it. The article analyzes the dynamics and the state of the exchange commodity turnover for 2010-2016, studied the problems, theoretical proposals and recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of the stock market. In addition, a number of factors affecting the development of the stock market of the Republic of Uzbekistan are analyzed and grouped into groups based on regression analysis, the relevance of the relationship and the direct relationship between them and the conclusions for the development of factors that are high in this regard are determined. At the end of the article, there are a number of proposals for the development of the country's stock market.
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USSR-Turkey relations (second half of the 1950s)
Статья научная
In the article, the tension of USSR-Turkey relations starting from the second half of the 20th century, the international environment and conflicts in the Middle and Middle East region in the 1950s, the projects put forward by the United States, England and France for the defense of the Middle East, the measures taken against the Soviet threat, and for the sake of influence in Syria The aggravation of the struggle between the USA and the USSR, the impact of the Syrian crisis on the relations between the USSR and Turkey was investigated. At the same time, Turkey submitted a memorandum to its Western allies that reflected the main goal of the USSR’s policy regarding the Middle East, despite the calls of the Soviet heads of state to normalize relations with Turkey in the 1950s and 1960s, the special services of the USSR ignored the Kurdish and Armenian factors in the Middle East. Attempts to use it and issues related to the Baghdad Pact were analyzed.
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Underwater robot technology and future trend analysis
Статья научная
Underwater positioning and navigation is a technology that provides the attitude, speed, position and other information of underwater robots. It is the premise for underwater robots to successfully complete various underwater tasks. The underwater environment is complex and changeable, and a single positioning and navigation technology will inevitably not meet the needs of long-range, multi-target and high-precision. The navigation system of the future underwater intelligent robot integrates the integrated navigation mode of various technologies. This paper discusses the basic underwater positioning and navigation mode and integrated navigation mode, describes the development process of underwater positioning and navigation technology, compares the research methods and progress of Chinese and foreign scholars, analyzes the current research bottlenecks and technical difficulties, and points out the direction for future research, which can be used as a reference for the follow-up research of underwater robot positioning and navigation system.
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Urbanity and rurality in the color culture
Статья научная
The research object is urban color as an independent cultural phenomenon, and its subject is a sociocultural context of urban coloristics. The paper presents a theoretical model of the structure of urban color, contains characteristics of formation and interaction mechanisms between the main components of the model and the analysis of a specific case proving and illustrating core principles of the basic theoretical model. A combination of two basic methods was used during the research. At the first stage a theoretical model of the structure of the urban color culture was built on the basis of document analysis. At the second stage the study was conducted with the help of case-study methodology. The sources of the research accounted for documents from the funds of archives, architectural photographs, artistic and graphical works, multicolored photo-postcards with cityscapes, documents regulating urban coloristics. The conducted theoretical and empirical analysis concluded that the key characteristic of the urban color culture is the splitting of urban coloristics into two parts - official and domestic. Each element of this dichotomous model possesses its own semantics and fulfills different social functions. The norms of urban mode of life (urbanity) are realized in official color culture. Its colors are historically changeable, progressive and subject to the so called color globalization. On the contrary, domestic color spaces represent the peculiarities of rural pattern (rurality) and possess marked territorial characteristics. [A1] Two components of urban color culture not only coexist compiling urban coloristics. They constantly interact and as a result of their interaction a certain color composition appears in urban space. Synchronic and diachronic layers of color field are easy to reconstruct. They rather precisely represent the character and disposition of social power, show the peculiarities of relations between individual and collective agents of social field, characteristic sign-symbolical codes, mechanisms of color representation and maintenance of color connotations. Together the components of urban culture form a stable system, a structure that should be taken into account while designing color compositions for modern cities.
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Urbanization as a social process: historical analysis
Статья научная
This article analyses the historical and modern, foreign and local research based on a multi-dimensional approach from the point of view of the forms-schemes, main directions and strategies of the “urban society”, formed as a result of the expansion and deepening of urbanization processes.
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Use of essential oil Rosmarinus officinalis L. in industry
Краткое сообщение
The presented article provides information on the botanical description of Rosmarinus officinalis L. species, essential oil extraction, and the use of the obtained essential oil in medicine, cosmetology, aromatherapy, and cooking. The component composition of the oil obtained by hydrodistillation from the young buds and leaves of Rosmarinus officinalis L. cultivated in the experimental field of the Dendrology Institute was studied in Kristal M brand gas chromatography. Based on the results of the analysis, alpha-Pinene, Sabinene, beta-Pinene, Myrcene, Carene-3, alpha-Terpinene, 1,8-Cineole (Eucalyptol), tr-beta-Ocimene, gamma-Terpinene, Terpinolene and other components contained in the essential oil of the species have been detected.
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Use of internet resources in teaching a foreign language
Статья научная
This article discusses the relevance of the use of modern Internet technologies in the teaching of foreign language and also analyzes the importance and effectiveness of the use of web technologies in the study of foreign language both in class and in the independent work of students. The author analyzes different points of view on the expediency of using information technology in the teaching of foreign language and expresses a comprehensive position on this issue, supported by illustrative examples of the positive effect of using modern technology. The author believes that using web resources, teachers greatly simplify the process of communication of students both among themselves and with native speakers, as students are able to communicate both in writing and orally through video conferences or social networks, and not only on the subject matter, but discovering situations of daily communication, as close to real-life communication as possible.
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Use of some microbial enzymes and their compositions against phytopathogenes in agricultural areas
Статья научная
Enzymatic hydrolysis the lignocellulose substrates (wood sawdust, wheat bran, bard), brought in a nutrient medium are given as a carbon source for cultivation of fungus and actinomycetes, producers of making components of a bio stimulator which is used in agriculture for cultivation of cotton plant. It was established that among examinees of substrat spirit grain the bard in experimentally picked up concentration (10-50%) it appeared a full-fledged substratum for the active growth developments and antibiotic enzymatic making with use to which can be prepared rather cheap and effective preparation is providing for increase in productivity and decrease in incidence of crops in agriculture. At the current time using biological methods of cultivation and protection of environment is the most important link in cultivation of ecologically safe agricultural production. The biological methods of protection of plants is recognized as the most resource-saving reception, allowing to protect plants from diseases, wreckers and to increase their efficiency without expenses of irreplaceable natural resources and without harmful emissions in environment [1-2]. The microorganisms used for production of valuable biological products, promote supply of plants not only elements of mineral food, but also physiologically active agents (enzymes, phytohormons, vitamins, etc.) [3]. Studying of enzymatic activity and efficiency of culture of fungus of Pleurotus ostreatus UZBI-I 105, Aspergillus terreus 9, and actinomycete Streptomyces sp. 166 on cheap the lignocellulose substrat for development of effective biotechnology of a biological product for increase in productivity and protection of crops against wreckers of phytopathogenes was the purpose of the real work.
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Uses Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. in greening in Azerbaijan
Статья научная
Information is provided on the structure, reproduction and decorative properties of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. In Absheron it is used as an ornamental plant. The plant blooms and bears fruit within 7-8 months; 6-7-year-old trees begin to bear fruit. This is a light-loving plant. Easily propagated by seeds. It is advisable to use the plant as a promising species in landscaping, landscape architecture and horticulture, taking into account the characteristics of its flowering and fruiting. The biological and ecological characteristics of the plant are analyzed.
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Using Zoom in teaching English grammar
Статья научная
The author describes teaching the English language to students using the latest information technologies (ZOOM platform) when teaching grammar. The article foregrounds the advantages of distance teaching the English language especially grammar structures with the help of the latest information technologies (ZOOM platform). The author examines the advantages and disadvantages of distance learning of the language in the framework of the original teaching experience at school and also shares the experience of organizing distance learning of the English language in the context of the pandemic. The purpose of teaching a foreign language is to develop a basic ability to communicate with simple words and texts about everyday life as well as to raise the interest of students in Grammar activities and provide them with the opportunity to understand the culture of the country under study.
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Using informal language in prose fiction (in the example of the novels by Ch. Aitmatov)
Статья научная
The article deals with informal language used in the novels by Ch. Aitmatov. In the literary works of art authors don’t always state facts, narrate events and describe the setting, they also show the real conversation between characters or someone’s thoughts and feelings explicitly in the text. In such cases the authors use informal language taking into consideration age and mood of characters, settings and location where this or that dialogue or monologue is taking place. It’s revealed that informal language used in prose fiction has a figurative meaning, and depending on the context it may have both positive and negative meanings. It’s clear from examples that informal language is used purposefully by the author to create authentic atmosphere of informality and intimacy, to make sense of immediate communication with readers and to have satirical and ironic effect making his speech emotive and expressive.
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Using web technologies in effective teaching of mathematics at universities
Статья научная
The article describes the role of web technologies in effective teaching of mathematics at universities. The advantages of the use of WebQuests are defined. This study aims to examine the effect of WebQuests used in instruction on students’ academic achievements and the student and teacher opinions on WebQuests.
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