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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
Статьи журнала - Бюллетень науки и практики
Все статьи: 7472
Статья научная
The presented article provides information about the vegetation of woody species from the family Rosaceae Juss. distributed in the forest-edge shrublands of the Zangazur National Park, located within the flora of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. The article also offers extensive data on the phytosociological characteristics of the woody plants from the Rosaceae family found in the studied area, as well as on the formations, associations, and for the first time, the subassociations identified by us that are formed by these species. As a result of our numerous studies, for the first time, the vegetation of the forest-edge shrublands of Zangazur National Park has been classified based on dominant species. In this classification, dominant species are defined as those with a presence of 50% or more, subdominants around 10%, and other species are evaluated as accessory (assector) species. According to our research, for the first time, a phytosociological classification of the vegetation formed by the woody species of the Rosaceae family in the forest-edge shrublands of Zangazur National Park has been carried out. As a result, 2 formations, 6 associations, and 3 subassociations were identified, and the term subassociation has been applied by us as a unit within the vegetation classification.
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Статья научная
Cosmetic and medical oils have been widely used in medicine and cosmetology for many years. The main function of medical oils is to be a carrier in medicinal preparations. But in many cases, they perform a therapeutic function at the same time. It should be noted that for obtaining medical and cosmetic oils, low-sulfur and low-paraffin oils are more appropriate. In the context of the conducted research, the antimicrobial activity of various combinations of essential oils obtained from eucalyptus and thuja plants with therapeutic white naphthalan oil taken as a control variant was studied to clarify the effective bactericidal action mechanism. In the preparation of these compositions were prepared with the addition of therapeutic white naphthalan oil as the main component, and in addition, essential oil separated from eucalyptus and thuja plants in the ratio of 1:0,04:0,08:0,1 was analyzed for their antimicrobial effects on 4 microbes ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans ). Medicinal and cosmetic products were determined according to the received antimicrobial effective compositions.
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Статья научная
Human beings have used plants as medicine for various health cause of years. Plants are widely used in the traditional medicine of different countries and are a source of strong drugs. To evaluate research some bioactive properties of the extract of the Crocus cancellatus subsp. mazziaricus (Herb.) B. Mathew, 1982 the antioxidant activities of these extracts were analyzed by means of cleaning methods (DPPH, ABTS scavenging activity), β-carotene/linoleic acid test system and FRAP activity. Phenolics and flavonoid contents as the equivalents of gallic acid, quercetin respectively. The phenolic content of the extracts was analyzed using HPLC. Brine shrimp lethality test was applied to analyze cytotoxic activity. The obtained results indicated that the highest phenolic compound ferulic acid with 2376.2±0.00 µg/g was in extracts. The highest total phenolic and flavonoid were found in the ethanolic extracts. The aerial part-methanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity and the corm acetone extract the highest amount of ferric reducing power activity. Among the four different extracts, the acetone extract showed the highest amount of radical scavenging both corm and aerial parts. The brine shrimp lethality assay of bulb ethanol extract has showed good cytotoxic with LC50 of 320.535 μg/mL. This study will be a source for future studies.
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Study of the concepts of social and economic security of the Republic of Belarus
Статья научная
In recent years, the financial and economic recovery increasingly rests on the problems of development of the transport network and energy. The measures are taken in recent years, including the reform of monopolies, have not led to a significant increase in investment in these segments of the economy. To some extent, this is due to the lack of institutional criteria to ensure the openness of their work, as well as control over the effective expenditure of funds. In order to resolve these tasks, the Government of the Republic of Belarus will implement measures aimed at the subsequent implementation of institutional reforms and stimulating the pace of financial and economic recovery. We need urgent measures aimed at improving the institutional system, including the creation of accurate and clear ‘rules of the game’ for all subjects, ensuring an increase in the confidence of all subjects of financial, economic and political activity in the Belarusian society. The previously mentioned instruments of the mechanism of ensuring the socio-economic security of Belarus form a strong base for the continuation of sustainable development for the long term...
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Статья научная
Complex natural-geographic and agroclimatic conditions regions of Azerbaijan, long and anthropogenic effects on the natural objects have led to the emergence and widespread erosion. currently, 43.3% of the land Republic affected by erosion. In the Republic developed all kinds of erosion, particularly irrigation water and wind. At the present stage of development of agriculture, widely implemented land reform. Ubiquitous privatized land, where at this point erosion control is a precondition for improving soil fertility, crop yields, requiring reference to global studies improve their fertility.
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Статья научная
During 2018-2024, in the cities of Baku and Ganja, where pets are widely kept and stray dogs and cats are prevalent, as well as in the cities of Gazakh, Goygol, Goranboy, Gadabey, Dashkasan and Shamkir, sick and suspected dogs and cats were examined. In total, 145 dogs and 160 cats were included in the examination. Hair, itchy skin samples, and blood samples were collected from the dogs and cats involved in the examination, respectively. In addition, for the prevention of microsporia, samples were taken from the cages, mats and surfaces of care items for sick dogs and cats in the dog and cat shelters created under Azerbaijan Veterinary Scientific Research Institute before disinfection and after the effect of disinfectants (after the appropriate time has passed). During the study, a multi-method diagnostic approach was used for accurate diagnosis of Microsporia. The use of a multi-method approach (microscopy, obtaining pure culture of Microsporum spp. and Wood's lamp examination) in the diagnosis of microsporia was implemented. The main goal of our research was to correctly diagnose dogs and cats infected with Microsporia and to study the dynamics of the effects of various treatments and antifungal drugs in the treatment of the disease, at the same time to achieve the correct organization of the prevention of the disease.
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Статья научная
Cranberry and medlar are common in the Guba, Gusar, and Sheki regions of Azerbaijan. A study was conducted to determine the habitats of wild growing forms and biomorphological features. Identification was carried out based on molecular markers. A comparative study of the biomorphological characteristics of genotypes, economic indicators, pomological analysis and assessment of similarity by quantitative indicators was carried out.
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Статья научная
An optimal variant of food used to provide the human organism with biologically active substances that is considered acceptable to every consumer is fruit and vegetable-based juice, which biological value is determined by the maximum retention of nutrients in the product during processing. As the research was related to the preparation of a pectin-rich beverage, the Palavkadu 268 variety of pumpkin, which is a melon fruit, and orange juice were used as the main components of the product. To this end, first of all, the obtained pumpkin puree was treated with enzymes, and then orange juice was added to the mass. Besides, the recipe of the product included sugar, milk powder, sourdough, and 2% liquid pectin. The finished product was made on the basis of this mixture. The effect of the types and concentrations of pectic substances on the probiotic properties of the prepared fruit and vegetable drinks was also studied. The amount of pectin in fruit juice should be taken into account when producing it because a high concentration of pectin increases the viscosity of the juice, and it becomes turbid. By regulating the amount of pectin, it is possible to increase the juice yield. The enzymes of microbial origin are the most widely used substances in the production of juice because they contribute to the expansion of the range of products and the achievement of high juice yield. As a result of our research, it can be concluded that a product with a better bifidogenic effect can be obtained when using 2% liquid pectin in the preparation of beverages.
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Study on heat transfer performance of non-integral capillary core sintered uniform plate
Статья научная
This paper mainly introduces the sintering process of the monolithic capillary wick and analyzes the influence of different copper powder particle size, filling rate, copper powder shape and heat source size on the heat transfer performance of the isothermal plate. The experimental results show that: (1) For the isothermal plate sintered with spherical copper powder, the capillary force of large particle size copper powder is small, but the flow resistance is also small, and the performance of the isothermal plate sintered with large particle size copper powder is better. (2) In the case of low filling rate, the isothermal plate is dried due to insufficient return fluid. In the case of high filling rate, on the one hand, the thickness of the liquid film at the evaporation end of the isothermal plate is large, resulting in additional thermal resistance. On the other hand, the thin film evaporation mode will be transformed into pool boiling mode, which will reduce the heat transfer performance. (3) Spherical copper powder sintered plate with regular shape has the best performance, while dendritic copper powder sintered plate has relatively high thermal resistance. (4) The heat source area has a great influence on the thermal resistance of the plate. Under the same heating power, the thermal resistance of the small area heat source is much higher than that of the large area heat source; The thermal resistance of sintered copper plate is lower than that of pure copper plate under two heat source areas.
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Study on the effect of diaphragm booster on the pulsed heat transfer of cooling system
Статья научная
This paper has developed a diesel engine cylinder liner and cooling water heat exchange enhancement device, including diesel engine cylinder liner, cylinder liner water cooler, hydraulic accumulator, check valve, diaphragm booster, centrifugal water pump, pulse valve and Conical tube. As well as the pulsating circulation system and booster system composed of equipment. The device heats the heat generated by the diesel engine cylinder liner in a pulsating circulation system through a cylinder circulator in a pulsating circulation system to exchange heat with the external low-temperature seawater. By controlling the opening and closing of the pulsating valve in the pulsating circulation system, fluid is generated in the pipe. Pulsing and hydraulically impacting the diaphragm booster connected near the pulsation valve pipeline, the fluid at the outlet of the diaphragm booster is subjected to hydraulic shock and circulates in a closed booster circuit connected to the diaphragm booster and passes through the cone during the flow...
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Studying Students' Models of Formation of Gender Culture in Higher Education Institutions
Статья научная
In this article, it is important to improve the pedagogical environment in higher education institutions, and to create a gender culture among students. For this, it is necessary to implement gender culture in the higher education system and develop effective mechanisms for its management. It is urgent to consider the problems of forming the gender culture of students and implement measures to shape it into a system of training future specialists. The changes taking place in modern society determine the rapidly developing culture and determine the need to improve the educational process using everything that develops advanced thinking, moral and behavioral models in students. Gender culture of students is characterized by the understanding of the concept of gender, the essence and importance of gender characteristics in the life of society, a positive personal attitude towards oneself and the society in general as a carrier of certain gender characteristics.
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Краткое сообщение
Hydronephrosis refers to diseases of the urinary system, which are characterized by high prevalence. Moreover, this pathology of all obstructive uropathies, leading to a decrease in the function of the renal parenchyma, accounts for up to 15% of cases. Therefore, the search for various markers involved in the development and progression of kidney damage is particularly relevant, since in the literature there are very contradictory data. Our article presents the results of a survey of 40 patients with established and confirmed diagnosis of stage I hydronephrosis (according to the classification of N. A. Lopatkin), and 20 completely healthy people (control group). All patients initially and at the end of the study determined the levels of cytokines: IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-1ra and G-CSF. We found that patients with hydronephrosis had higher rates of pro-inflammatory components of the IL-1β system: IL-1β - 104.42 (75% CI [111.8-151.4]) pg/ml, which was significantly higher than in the control group 3.7 times...
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Studying the Effect of Fungicides in Field Conditions on Disease of Fruits of Tomatoes
Статья научная
Tomato is one of the most important food crops. In recent years, tomatoes have been found to be susceptible to various diseases that damage the crop. One of these diseases is black mold of tomato fruits (alternariosis). Leaves, stems and fruits of the plant are damaged. Dark brown or black lesions develop on tomato fruits. The resulting tissue damage is more common where the fruit is attached to the twig.
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Studying the condition of irrigated land in the Mil-Mughan economic region
Статья научная
The article examines the current reclamation state of irrigated lands in the Mil-Mughan economic region. There are favorable conditions for irrigation and growing heat-loving crops. However, the development of irrigated agriculture here is limited by soil salinity, which is widespread in the study area over quite large areas. Thick layers of soil and groundwater are susceptible to salinization. Conventionally, the territory is suitable for irrigation in hydrogeological and reclamation terms.
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Studying the condition of irrigated land in the Mil-Mughan economic region
Статья научная
The article examines the current reclamation state of irrigated lands in the Mil-Mughan economic region. There are favorable conditions for irrigation and growing heat-loving crops. However, the development of irrigated agriculture here is limited by soil salinity, which is widespread in the study area over quite large areas. Thick layers of soil and groundwater are susceptible to salinization. Conventionally, the territory is suitable for irrigation in hydrogeological and reclamation terms.
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Stylistic devices commonly used in English riddles
Статья научная
True riddles consist of two parts, one functioning as a question, the other as an answer. In riddling the answerer or riddle tries to find an acceptable answer to the question. Sometimes riddles are deliberately misled because the “right” answer is completely unexpected. The article includes the definition of riddles, types of riddles and analysis of stylistic devices used in English riddles. Stylistic devices make our speeches more interesting and livelier and help us to get and keep our reader’s and listener’s attention. Stylistic devices often provide emphasis, freshness of expression, or clarity. In the article it is clarified three main levels of stylistic devices: phonetic, lexical and syntactical stylistic devices commonly used in English riddles.
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Stylistic peculiarities of sport commentation
Статья научная
In this article the light is thrown to different stylistic devices that can be found in such genre as sport commentary. A special attention is paid to such stylistic devices as metaphor, metonymy, charactonyms, and simile that can be found in the speech of any football commentator and with a help of which commentator colors his speech and gives a possibility of the real presence to a viewer. Nowadays sport represents a very significant part of our life and with the help of mass media development sport acquires greater importance in our society. One can call football to be the famous and very popular kind of sport among people of all ages. A large number of football fans switch on their TV sets when their favorite football command emerges in a field. And there football commentator helps to establish intercourse between a viewer and sport event. During the match commentator explains in details all the events that take place in a field. A commentator gives a full picture of the football game and at the same time he entertains the viewers to keep their interest to the game. It is not easy as it may seem at first, as a commentator should possess rich vocabulary, and be a very intelligent and well-informed person not only to comment actions of football players but also to fill the pauses during the plain game.
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Subalpine grassland vegetation of Yardimli and Astara districts (Azerbaijan)
Статья научная
Subalpine grasslands of Talish highlands are common in the subalpine zone of Yardimli and Astara highlands at lawny mountain-meadow soils at the height of 1750 m to 2400 m above sea level. During the carried out ecological-geobotanical research, it has been determined 3 formation classes, 5 formation groups and 11 associations. In parallel with the study of type composition and structure of phytocenosis found in the area of investigation, it has been also determined endemic species, productivity of formations, and intensification of degradation at soil-plant coverage of some lawny subalpine grasslands, decrease in abundance and productivity of forage crop. Currently, for the purpose of the improvement of natural phytocenosis productivity, crop quality, protection of their genetic reserve and landscapes, as well as the vegetation study for solution of protection problems on the base of scientific means is of a great importance.
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Subalpine meadow vegetation of Talish highlands of Azerbaijan
Статья научная
Subalpine meadow vegetation of Talish highlands has been spread over the subalpine zone of Lankaran highlands at lawny mountain-meadow soils at the height of 1800 m to 2500 m above sea level. During the carried out ecological-geobotanical research, it has been determined 7 formation classes, 12 formation groups and 20 associations. In parallel with the study of type composition and structure of phytocenosis found in the area of investigation, it has been also determined endemic species, productivity of formations, and intensification of degradation at soil-plant coverage of some lawny subalpine meadows, decrease in abundance and productivity of forage crop. Currently, for the purpose of the improvement of natural phytocenosis productivity, crop quality, protection of their genetic reserve and landscapes, as well as the vegetation study for solution of protection problems on the base of scientific means is of a great importance.
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Sugar beet root-rot illnesses caused by Rhizoctonia: pathogen diversity, pathophysiology
Статья научная
Sugar beet, a biennial root crop, is primarily grown in temperate regions and is increasingly recognized in the biofuel industry as a raw material for ethanol production. It is susceptible to over 20 fungal and 10 bacterial pathogens, which can cause severe damage to the plant and result in significant yield losses, affecting the profitability of growers. One such pathogen is Rhizoctonia spp., a soil-borne fungus that causes root and crown rot diseases and losses during storage periods. Rhizoctonia species live in the soil or on decomposing and drying sections of plants as saprophytes or weak parasites. Factors promoting the disease's development include heavy rainfall, organic-rich soil, heavy soils, high moisture content, temperatures between 35° and 40°C, and a pH of 6.0 to 8.0. Poor drainage systems in the soil also contribute to the development of the disease. Crown rot, first discovered in 1858, is one of the common and devastating diseases that affect sugar beet crops. The causative agent of this disease is Rhizoctonia solani, which can survive under soil for a long time and is particularly severe in heavy soils and soils with inadequate drainage systems.
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