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Бюллетень науки и практики @bulletennauki
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Все статьи: 8087
Tetranychus urticae Koch biology on apple trees
Статья научная
The two-spotted spider mite ( Tetranychus urticae Koch) is a polyphagous arthropod herbivore that consumes over 1,100 plant species from 140 distinct plant families, including those producing harmful chemicals in temperate and tropical climates. It is an important pest in greenhouse and field cultivation, causing damage to various crops such as citrus, apples, grapes, tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, strawberries, maize, and soy. T. urticae ability to spread over agricultural fields and adapt to environmental stressors is linked to its high propensity for mutation, leading to the highest frequency of pesticide resistance among arthropods. The genetic diversity of T. urticae gathered from apple orchards throughout Poland has been studied to investigate potential correlations between molecular variations and the occurrence of resistance to METI-acaricides. Research has shown that an abundance of leaf pubescence on the abaxial leaf surface adversely affects the development of European red mite, two-spotted spider mite, and carmine spider mite. However, due to variations in leaf sizes, tree canopy, tree ages, and the existence of natural enemies, it is impossible to compare data gathered due to variations in leaf sizes, tree canopy, tree ages, and the presence of natural enemies. Pesticide treatments negatively impact fruit plantations' ecosystems, devastating biodiversity, altering the makeup and structure of arthropod populations, and promoting mass reproduction of phytophage mites by displacing certain species with others. The most extensive research has been done on the common spider mite's development of resistance to avermectin group preparations, with some studies showing resistance to multiple acaricides.
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Статья научная
Entomological studies conducted in various regions of Azerbaijan have revealed that one of the most harmful pests of almond orchards is the Anarsia lineatella Zeller, 1839). The pest typically produces 2–3 generations during the vegetation period, while overwintering in the 2nd– 3rd larval instar within buds and bark cracks. By damaging the seed part of the fruits, the almond fruit moth causes yield losses of up to 30–40%. Observations carried out in different landscapeecological zones indicate that the pest’s development rate and reproductive capacity vary depending on the climatic conditions of the regions. Based on the conducted research, the biological features, phenology, and natural enemies of the almond fruit moth have been studied, and scientific foundations for integrated control measures have been developed. This article presents the bioecological characteristics, life cycle, and phenological stages of Anarsia lineatella Zeller in almond orchards of Azerbaijan, including the Absheron region, as well as the results of observations carried out against this pest.
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The Aryan myth of the first man Manu and parallels in the Kyrgyz epic of Manas
Статья научная
The ancient Kyrgyz had a different idea of the creation of the First Man. They did not even know the word ‘adam’, they called a person ‘kishi’, ‘kishi uulu’. We know this from the ancient Kyrgyz scripts from Enesai. And despite the fact that we, the Kyrgyz, converted to Islam almost a thousand years ago, the storytellers did not forget the information about the creation of the First Man. For example, in the description that characterizes the main character of the Epic of Manas, information relating to the ancient Aryans about the creation of the First Man has been preserved. Studying them, comparing the myths of two peoples (Aryans and Kyrgyz) we came to the conclusion that they have the same root. Although historians have not yet recognized this, Kyrgyz philosophers assert the idea that Manas and Manu are one and the same mythical character. This article is our contribution to this idea.
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Статья научная
From the late 19th century through the 20th century, China's higher education underwent significant transformations shaped largely by Western educational thought and the Soviet educational model. At the close of the 19th century, the introduction of Western educational practices began shifting China's educational system away from the traditional imperial examination system. In the early to mid-20th century, particularly during the 1950s following the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the Soviet educational model exerted profound influence on the structure and direction of Chinese higher education. This study investigates the Soviet Union’s impact on the Chinese higher education system by analyzing the historical evolution of educational concepts in China. It specifically addresses the methods by which the Soviet model was introduced, adapted, and integrated into China's unique socio-cultural environment. Findings suggest that the Soviet educational framework significantly accelerated the modernization of Chinese higher education and facilitated the development of substantial technical, engineering, and scientific expertise. However, the implementation of this model also encountered practical challenges, necessitating adjustments tailored to China's specific circumstances. The paper further explores aspects of the educational system, curriculum design, and pedagogical methods introduced from the Soviet Union. It critically evaluates the model's effectiveness, adaptability, and limitations, ultimately proposing recommendations for the continued evolution and improvement of China's higher education.
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The Classification of Desert and Semi-desert Vegetation of the Caspian Coast (Azerbaijan)
Статья научная
The article outlines the fractional classification of the semi-desert, desert vegetation covers of the studied territory of the coastal strip of the Caspian Sea of Azerbaijan. We studied the phytoceonological indicators of communities related to forests, shrubs, semi-desert, desert, vegetation. 3 types, 12 formation classes, 69 formation groups and 92 associations are distinguished.
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The Current State of the Flora of Lake Sarysu (Azerbaijan)
Статья научная
The present study was conducted during 2022-2024 in the territory of Lake Sarisu, the second largest lake in the Republic of Azerbaijan. During the research, a floristic checklist of the plant species recorded in the study area was compiled. The checklist reflects the taxonomic structure of the flora, life forms, geographical and areal types, ecological groups, and endemism. Herbarium specimens of the identified plant species were prepared, photographs of plants in their natural habitats were taken, and GPS coordinates were recorded. The study revealed one vegetation formation (Phragmiteta australis) and four associations within the vegetation cover of Lake Sarisu: Phragmites australis + Ceratophyllum demersum; Phragmites australis + Typha angustifolia; Phragmites australis + Tamarix ramosissima; and Tamarix ramosissima + Tamarix hohenackeri. The investigation of the current state of flora and vegetation highlights the necessity of assessing the impacts of global ecological problems, including anthropogenic factors, on plant diversity. This issue is of particular relevance for future geobotanical and phytocoenological studies to be conducted in Lake Sarisu and its surrounding areas.
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The Destructive Influence of the Internet on the Personality Formation of Children and Adolescents
Статья научная
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the negative psychological, social, and cognitive impacts of the internet, social media, and influencers on the personality development of children and adolescents. While innovative technologies expand the lives of young people, issues such as internet addiction, identity confusion, and deficiencies in social communication present serious challenges to adolescent psychology. The article examines the causes and mechanisms of these problems through statistical and empirical research and offers practical recommendations for addressing and mitigating their effects.
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Статья научная
During the research, the highest indicators for both crops at the Absheron AEF were obtained under soil cultivation at a depth of 20‒22 cm (plowing + discing + cultivation) and the application of N120P90K60 fertilizers for winter wheat, and for barley under the same soil treatment with N100P90K60 fertilizers. In the traditional soil cultivation system for winter wheat and barley, depending on the applied fertilizers, the dry matter mass was 1559.2‒1025.1 g, the mass of grain per plant was 509.1‒452.3 g, the number of productive stems was 397‒365 units, and the mass of 1000 grains was 45.0‒41.8 g. In the variant with heavy disc cultivation at a depth of 10‒12 cm with two passes, these indicators were 1417.6‒940.1 g; 443.4‒400.3 g; 344‒323 units, and 43.2‒40.0 g respectively. The results of soil cultivation in the semi-arid conditions of the Jalilabad Regional Experimental Station showed different results compared to the Absheron AEF. Under the use of N80P60K45 and N60P60K40 fertilizers for winter wheat and barley, and with the heavy disc cultivation at a depth of 10‒12 cm with two passes, the dry matter mass was 875.0‒670.2 g, the mass of grain per plant was 303.3‒275.4 g, the number of productive stems was 270.3‒316.3 units, and the mass of 1000 grains was 49.9‒46.2 g.
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The Effect of pH Changes on the Development of Cyprinus carpio
Статья научная
This study was conducted on carp and the embryo-larval stages of fish living in the water bodies of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. Carp, like other lake fish, are among the inhabitants of alkaline water bodies. In the spawning grounds of the species, pH values were most often recorded in the range of 7.4–8.6 units. Researchers have often tried to study the effect of environmental pH on the early development of carp in their experimental studies. In one of them, values in the range of 7.5–8.5 units are indicated as the optimal pH for the fertilization and incubation of carp eggs. The highest survival rate of carp embryos (more than 80%) was recorded in the pH range of 6.0–8.5 units. However, it has been shown that embryogenesis is also possible in a wider range of 5.0–9.5 units, but in this case, the number of deaths and deformed embryos increases at extreme values of the indicator.
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Статья научная
In recent years, cardiovascular diseases have increased sharply. This is because it has been established that not only cholesterol but also triglycerides (TG) play an important role in their development. In particular, patients with hypertriglyceridemia have a higher risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications. Although statins lower cholesterol levels, a “residual lipid risk” remains in some patients, meaning that even after a patient takes a statin and lowers their cholesterol, the risk of cardiovascular disease is not completely eliminated. This is because it is a different lipid problem, with triglycerides often being at the root of the issue. For this reason, interest has grown in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-based drug icosapent ethyl.
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Статья научная
The purposeof this article is to identify the concept of Love in two works, as well as to reveal the image of the woman Aksiniya and Jamila. The authors use the method of theoretical analysis of modern scientific literature on the problem, conceptual analysis of a work of art, a comparative study of the image of a woman in two works. The article briefly describes such concepts as: Love-Eros, Love-Mania Love-Storge, Love-Pragma. In the main part, the characteristics of the concept of love are presented and descriptions of the main heroines of the works are given. In conclusion, the authors come to the opinion of the parallelism of the feelings of love of Aksiniya and Jamila.
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Статья научная
Examines the complex interaction between the fundamental human right to freedom of movement and the imperatives of national security. By analyzing the evolution of legal doctrine and case law through the lens of both international and national legal frameworks, the paper highlights how states attempt to balance individual liberties with collective security needs. Drawing on the works of Burke-White, Zamir, Bozeman, and others, the study identifies the strategic correlation between human rights protection and national security governance. Particular attention is paid to the European Convention on Human Rights and its jurisprudence, the dilemmas of secrecy and transparency, and the modern challenges posed by terrorism and transnational threats. The article also addresses the role of national human rights institutions in promoting democratic values and good governance. The study concludes that ensuring freedom of movement while safeguarding national security requires flexible legal mechanisms and continuous recalibration of the balance between individual freedoms and state interests in light of new global security challenges.
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Статья научная
This article examines the functional-semantic field of household utensils in Kyrgyz and Russian linguistic cultures through a comparative ethnolinguistic approach. Drawing upon lexicographic sources, idiomatic expressions, proverbs, and everyday speech, the study identifies core lexical units and their culturally marked connotations in both languages. The analysis reveals that, while many household terms in Kyrgyz and Russian denote similar physical objects, they differ significantly in their symbolic functions, metaphoric usage, and conceptual associations. In the Kyrgyz tradition, many terms carry gendered and ritual meanings rooted in nomadic life, whereas in Russian, the semantic field is shaped by settled domesticity and Orthodox-Christian values. The article highlights how language reflects culturally specific views of space, labor, and social roles, and demonstrates the potential of semantic fields to serve as mirrors of worldview. The findings contribute to the broader field of cross-cultural semantics and offer practical insights for translators, ethnographers, and language educators.
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Статья научная
The Ganja-Dashkesan economic region has a predominantly semi-desert and steppe climate. The area consists of mountains and plains on the northeastern slopes of the Lesser Caucasus. These natural and geographical conditions create conditions for the development of various agricultural sectors. Global climate change and the region's water availability have a significant impact on agricultural production. Climatic factors are among the main determinants of crop diversity and productivity in the region. A sharp decline in precipitation has led to increased drought, the use of water resources dependent on transboundary rivers, and a significant reduction in phytomass. There is a close correlation between average annual precipitation dynamics and the index of physical volume of agricultural production. Irrigation systems and canals do not meet modern standards and are poorly managed, which is one of the main problems hindering agricultural development in the region.
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Статья научная
The article studies the influence of relief, geological structure, and geomorphological factors on the formation of forest ecosystems on the example of the Zangilan and Gubadli regions of Azerbaijan. Remote sensing (decoding of satellite images), mathematical-statistical, and comparative analysis methods were used during the study. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that the altitudinal zones of the territory (mainly 400–1200 m), the slope inclination, and vernalization are the main factors directly regulating the species composition and density of the vegetation cover. In particular, the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) and the slope degrees have determined the zones of soil erosion and moisture accumulation. The complexity of the geological structure — its diversity from Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments to volcanogenic rocks — affects the processes of soil formation and, as a result, the structure of forests. The results of the study are of significant scientific and practical importance in planning measures for the ecological restoration of the region, the establishment of forest belts, and the protection of soil from erosion.
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Статья научная
This study aims to investigate the impact of simulation-based learning in biology education, particularly the use of PhET and similar digital platforms, on students’ academic achievement. The abstract nature of many biological concepts makes their deep understanding difficult when taught solely through traditional instructional methods. In this context, interactive simulations that enable visualization and experimentation emerge as one of the key factors enhancing the effectiveness of the learning process. The study was conducted using a quasi-experimental research design, in which simulation-based instructional methods were applied to the experimental group, while traditional teaching methods were employed for the control group. Academic achievement was measured through pre-test and post-test scores, and questionnaires were administered to assess students’ motivation and attitudes toward biology lessons. The findings indicate that simulation-based learning has a positive effect on students’ conceptual understanding and significantly improves academic achievement in biology. The instructional interventions were implemented with undergraduate students, master’s students, and early-career teachers in university settings and STEAM Center VR laboratories. Overall, the results highlight the scientific and practical significance of integrating digital technologies into biology education.
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The Importance of Competence Building Through Integrated Mathematics Education
Статья научная
This article examines the importance of integrated mathematics education in the formation of professional competencies of future teachers. The study focuses on updating the content of education, developing students' critical thinking, research and practical skills. The effectiveness of using STEM and CLIL technologies in the teaching process is shown, and the role of interdisciplinary connections and practice-oriented tasks in shaping the ability to use knowledge in real life is revealed. The article provides theoretical foundations, methodological approaches and practical examples of integration lessons. The results of the study emphasize the importance of developing mathematical and functional literacy, increasing motivation to learn, and developing students' creative and research abilities. In addition, integrated learning has been proven to promote the development of digital, creative, social, and leadership skills. This approach activates the learning process, increases.
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The Importance of Inclusive Education in the New World
Статья научная
The importance of inclusive education is the subject of this article. Inclusive education is an educational process and program created for children who cannot exist in society, suffer from the lack of opportunities in education, and who are excluded by society. This educational program requires states to develop appropriate educational strategies for all children of learning age in their countries, to implement these strategies in a planned manner, and to monitor their results. An environment conducive to inclusive learning nurtures and educates all children regardless of gender, physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic and other characteristics.
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Статья научная
This article examines the impact of international legal norms on the regulation of labor migration in the Kyrgyz Republic. It explores how international treaties, conventions, and best practices influence national migration policies and legal frameworks. The study employs a comparative analysis of domestic legislation and international standards, identifying both opportunities and challenges in harmonizing these norms with local regulatory practices. The findings highlight that while the adoption of international legal principles has enhanced the effectiveness and transparency of labor migration regulation, significant obstacles remain in the implementation process due to structural and administrative constraints. The article concludes with recommendations for policymakers aimed at further aligning domestic practices with global legal standards, thereby improving the overall governance of labor migration in the region.
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The Oliy Majlis of Republic of Uzbekistan and its foreign resembles’ activities in comparison
Статья научная
The Senate of Oliy Majlis is place where democracy begins and country’s economy flourish. A Senator is an appointed representative that is required to be a symbol of the population. The role of the Senate is to read the legislation proposed by the Legislative Chamber of Republic of Uzbekistan and suggest changes or amendments. Therefore, the article covers the main activities of the Senate and senators. Moreover, the head of authorities and public administration are to provide their annual report to the Senators. It emphasizes the role and position of Senate in the society.
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