Shikhlyarova Alla I., Vladimirova Lyubov Y., Tikhanovskaya Natalia M., Arapova Yulia Y., Protasova Tatiana P., Sycheva Elena А., Ryadinskaya Lyudmila А., Lyanova Aza А., Popova Irina L., Abramova Natalia А., Novoselova Kristina А., Storozhakova Anna E., Ezhova Maria О., Shatova Yuliana S., Lisutin Aleksandr E., Pozdnyakova Viktoria V., Dashkova I.R., Babieva Stella M.

Статья научная

Aims The aim is to study the action and effects of antitumor polychemotherapy (PCT) with Anthracyclines on the cardiovascular system performance in primary oncological patients with breast cancer (BC). Materials and methods The study involved 21 females (49.8 ± 0.5 years) diagnosed with BC. PCT has been conducted in a neoadjuvant regimen in 18 patients and in an adjuvant one with Doxorubicin (60 mg/m2) and Cyclophosphamide (600 mg/m2) in 3 patients. The cardiovascular system functional state has been evaluated during six courses of PCT with the use of the Cardiocode device. At the same time, the conditions of the cardiovascular system have been assessed before PCT and during the fourth course using EchoCG and ECG. Results and conclusions Against the background of PCT with Anthracyclines noted are the cumulative changes in the blood vessel hemodynamics as reduced blood volumes ejected from the left ventricle and the atria and as alterations in the Rheogram signal. Observed is predominance of exchange of anaerobic energy over the aerobic one, characterized by a high level of the lactate concentration and accompanied by a decrease in the oxygen concentration on course 3, an increase in the phosphocreatine level on course 4 and its decrease during courses 5 and 6 of PCT...

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The relationship between severity of coronary artery disease and mean platelet volume

Varastehravan Hamidreza, Naghedi Aryan, Nough Hossein, Pourmirafzali Hamideh

Статья научная

Aims Increased MPV is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can be associated with coronary artery involvement. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of coronary artery disease and MPV. Materials and methods In this study, a total of 200 patients with coronary artery disease were enrolled. All patients initially underwent coronary angiography. Plasma TG, LDL, and HDL, was measured using commercial kits Integra 800TM. MPV and platelet count was determined by the Sysmex XT-2000iTM. Population were divided into three groups based on the SYNTAX score: low, moderate and high. All angiographic grading of SYNTAX was carried out by two cardiologists with blinded clinical data. After Data collection, these data were entered to SPSS22 software and were analyzed using correlation coefficient regression analysis. Results A total of 200 patients entered to the study that 43% and 57 % of patients were female and male, respectively. eighty-seven patients were diabetic and other 113 patients were not diabetic...

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The relevance of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy as a stress-induced disease

Ganych Angelina A., Oflidi Ekaterina K., Zaitseva Anastasia Y., Myasnikova Alla B., Chernik Oksana V.

Статья научная

Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, or Takotsubo syndrome, can be quite rare found, but however the frequency of diagnosing with this disease among patients of cardiology departments is constantly growing. On the one hand, this may be due to improved diagnostics of this pathology, and on the other hand, to an increasing frequency of mental disorders in the human population and the spread of other risk factors, including drug-induced variants. The pathogenesis of the development of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy is associated with an increase in the level of catecholamines, which may be the result of a reactive sympathetic enhancement in response to external factors or be the result of taking antidepressants that can produce a similar effect. Although the diagnostics of this pathology has made significant progress, but however there is still no consensus on the strategy of treatment. This is due to the lack of large-scale randomized prospective studies that could justify one or another therapeutic approach. Basically, the efforts of medical doctors are aimed at maintaining cardiac activity, eliminating the trigger of the disease and at treating complications.

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The role of anesthesiology in modern cardiac surgery: overview of key techniques and issues

Novikova A.I., Lyubushkin V.E., Studenikina A.V., Albotova D.K., Torchinova D.A., Chkareuli D.N., Kazakova M.S., Sevriugina E.A., Pyrchenkova A.S., Bakhmeteva P.I.

Статья научная

Anesthesiology plays a key role in modern cardiac surgery, ensuring the safe conduct of surgical interventions on the heart and blood vessels. The paper provides an overview of the main techniques and problems in the field of anesthesiology in cardiac surgery. The first section is devoted to the basic methods of anesthesiological provision of cardiac surgery. He describes the various types of anesthesia used in cardiac surgery, including general anesthesia, epidural and spinal anesthesia, as well as combined methods. The advantages and disadvantages of each of them are considered, as well as the specifics of their application, depending on the type of operation and the patient’s condition. The second section examines the key problems faced by anesthesiologists in cardiac surgery. This includes managing hemodynamic parameters during surgery, monitoring heart and respiratory function, ensuring adequate analgesia, and preventing possible complications such as myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, hypothermia, and thromboembolic events. Special attention is paid to solving problems related to patients with concomitant diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc. The article discusses the features of the use of cardiothoracic anesthesia in cardiac surgery, as well as emerging problems and prospects in this area. An overview of the use of anesthesia in the field of cardiac surgery is presented, both current challenges and problems in this area are highlighted. The current state of anesthesia in cardiac surgery is analyzed and a number of problems faced by anesthesiologists during cardiac surgery, including problems of cardiothoracic anesthesia, are highlighted. This includes difficulties with controlling the depth of anesthesia, ensuring safety while maintaining artificial circulation, managing fluid balance, and monitoring cardiac function during surgery. The article reveals the relevance and importance of the work of anesthesiologists in cardiac surgery and the problems they face, as well as reveals the prospects for the development of anesthesia in cardiac surgery. This work will help anesthesiologists and cardiac surgeons better understand the specifics of anesthesiological care in cardiac surgery and effectively solve emerging problems, ensuring maximum safety and comfort for patients.

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The role of cardiac resynchronization therapy in permanent atrial fibrillation patients: current indications to treat heart failure

Kavoliuniene Ausra, Rumbinaite Egle, Mindaugas Viezelis

Статья обзорная

The aim of this article is a comprehensive review of the publications during the last decade in order to evaluate current indications for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Clinical studies show that CRT not only improves HF symptoms and quality of life but also reduces morbidity in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and wide QRS. The loss of atrioventricular synchrony and difficulty to ensure an adequate biventricular pacing worsens these patients response to CRT. According to the latest guidelines CRT should be considered for patients to reduce all-cause mortality in patients with chronic HF, QRS ≥ 120 ms and LVEF ≤ 35% who remain in NYHA functional class III/ambualtory class IV despite at least 3 months of optimal pharmacological theraphy who are expected to survive at least 1 year with good functional status, provided that biventricular pacing as close as possible to 100% can be achieved (class IIa, level B). Despite the fact that there is a general agreement on the indication for CRT in AF patients, their optimal management strategy still remains a matter of discussion.

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The role of interdisciplinary functional diagnostics in the detection of gynecological pathologies of an endocrine nature against the background of anemia

Korchagina A.M., Tadevosyan D.A., Ivanova D.D., Ermakova E.A., Kokoreva A.D., Kirkevich N.D., Chragyan D.S., Khutieva Kh.R.

Статья научная

The article examines the importance and relevance of interdis-ciplinary functional diagnostics for the detection of gynecolog-ical diseases with an endocrine basis against the background of anemia in women. The necessity of an integrated approach to diagnosis is sub-stantiated, combining methods from various medical fields to identify links between the endocrine system, gynecological pa-thologies and anemia. The results of the work emphasize the importance of an interdisciplinary approach for more accurate diagnosis and optimization of treatment of gynecological pa-thologies against the background of anemia, contributing to improving the quality of life of patients. This article examines a practical example of the application of interdisciplinary functional diagnostics for the detection of ane-mia against the background of endocrine pathologies in preg-nant women. Research on the health status of pregnant women is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of ensuring optimal condi-tions for fetal development and maternal health. One of the key problems requiring attention is iron deficiency anemia and its connection with thyroid function in pregnant women. Under-standing the relationship between these conditions is essential for effective pregnancy management and prevention of com-plications in both mother and fetus. In this study, attention is paid to the study of the relationship between serum ferritin levels, thyroid hormones and the pres-ence of iron deficiency in pregnant women in early pregnancy. The results of the study reviewed in this article confirmed the existence of an inverse correlation between serum ferritin levels and the level of one of the thyroid hormones, which indicates a possible relationship between iron deficiency and thyroid function in pregnant women. These findings are important to the medical community, providing a framework for developing strategies for the diagnosis and management of pregnancy, taking into account the interaction between iron deficiency and thyroid function. The results of the study can become a starting point for new research approaches and contribute to the devel-opment of more effective methods of supporting the health of pregnant women. This article also focuses on the development of anemia in women in the menopausal period.

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The role of monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP3) in pyelonephritis patients in Al- Najaf governorate, Iraq

Al-janabi D.R.A., Aljanaby A.A.J.

Статья научная

Pyelonephritis is a serious disease that is widespread in Iraq and is mostly caused by Gram-negative bacteria, which are highly contagious and can spread from an infected person to others. The aim of this article was to evaluate the immunomodulatory role of Monocyte chemotactic protein-3 (MCP3) in the blood serum of patients with acute pyelonephritis and chronic pyelonephritis. A group of patients suspected of having nephritis were sampled in Najaf city, Iraq. Clinical and biochemical tests were performed to confirm their infection. Where 30 patients had acute pyelonephritis and 30 patients had chronic pyelonephritis, in addition to 29 healthy people who were considered control. MPC-3 was measured in the serum of the affected person using ELISA technology. MPC3 levels were significantly elevated (P

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The role of new medical technologies in the relief of chronic pelvic pain and the rehabilitation of reproductive function

Kabulova I.V., Tsallagova L.V.

Статья научная

The low efficacy of ongoing conventional therapy and a significant decrease in the quality of life in patients with reconstructive plastic surgery (RPO) on the pelvic organs (PO) due to tubal-peritoneal infertility (TPI) and chronic nonspecific salpingo-oophoritis (CNSO) requires searching for new, promising methods of non-drug treatment, in particular, taking into account the regional characteristics of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania and its natural resources. One of the main ways to increase the efficacy and intensify the treatment of this category of patients is the use of natural factors, namely, sulfide waters of the local Redant-4 deposit, which have a number of anti-inflammatory effects. Purpose of the study is to assess the role of non-drug technologies using magnetic infrared-laser therapy and balneological factors of the local deposit in the rehabilitation of the reproductive function in patients undergoing reconstructive plastic surgery due to TPI and CNSO. Material and methods. 235 women with impaired reproductive function, who underwent laparoscopic reconstructive plastic surgery on the pelvic organs (RPO on PO) due to tubal-peritoneal infertility (TPI) and CNSO, whose average age was 28 + 7 years, were examined. 2 groups were formed by the method of blind sampling: the main group consisted of 139 women with RPO on the pelvic organs due to TPI and CNSO, who, along with conventional therapy, received magnetic IR-laser therapy and had hydrogen sulfide baths; the comparison group included 96 women with RPO on PO due to TPI and CNSO, whose treatment was carried out by conventional methods of drug therapy. The conventional treatment included along with antibiotic therapy the use of ecological adaptogens (aloe, apilac), immune modulators (polyoxidonium), vitamin therapy (vitamin E 100 mg / day for 3 months and B vitamins), drugs to eliminate disorders in the intestinal and vaginal flora (antifungal agents: fluconazole, tergynan, acylact for 7-14 days). The patients of the studied groups were observed before their treatment and 1-12 months after the treatment. All patients underwent a clinical and functional examination. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the package Statistica for Windows. Results. A control examination of patients of both groups showed a more pronounced positive effect on the course of a number of clinical symptoms in the postoperative period in the main group of patients who received magnetic IR laser therapy and had sulfide baths of the North Ossetian deposit in the complex of therapy. As a result of the physiotherapy treatment, the pain syndrome was eliminated in 107 of 139 patients (77%) who complained of pain before their treatment. A decrease in pelvic pain after the course of treatment was noted in 46 patients (33%). It should be noted that in the majority of patients 94 (68%), who received sulfide balneotherapy, a decrease in the formation of repeated adhesions of the pelvis was revealed during the procedures, the effectiveness of the regression of the adhesive process was found throughout the observation. It was detected that against the background of the proposed non-drug technology in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with RPO on PO due to TPI and CNSO, a significant increase in the effectiveness of treatment of this pathology (89%), improvement in the quality of life of patients as well as restoration of fertility has been achieved. Conclusions. The use of the method of sulfide balneotherapy in patients with RPO on PO due to TPI and CNSO allows shortening the duration of their next treatment and achieving the maintenance of positive dynamics and duration of regression of the adhesive process of the pelvis.

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The role of nutritional restriction in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors

Fefelova Yu.A.

Статья

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. Cancer incidence is growing, and it may be associated with longer life expectancy that leads to higher risk of cancer development. Metabolic changes are among the most important aspects of the tumor progression, which appear both in the tumor cells themselves and in the tumor microenvironment, affecting later the entire organism as a whole. Abnormal metabolism of tumor cells, including activation of aerobic glycolysis and enhancement of anabolic pathways, is important in metastasizing, medical drug resistance, and in the implementation of tumor stem cell viability programs [2]. In this context, a priority is given to studies aimed at the inhibition of enzymes of metabolic processes by small molecules or some exogenous factors. Overcoming metabolic plasticity is one of the strategic goals in anticancer therapy [3].

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The role of pacemaker algorithms in preventing atrial fibrillation progression

Abdelmoneum M.S., Aboul-enein H.M., Abdelhakeem A.S., Makled W.A.E., Darwish M.S.

Статья научная

Background: Unnecessaryright ventricular (RV) pacing leads to cardiac dyssynchrony and increases the risk of developing permanent atrial fibrillation. Minimizing RV pacing by specefic algorithms decreases the AF risk. Aim and objectives: Our objective was to study the effect of pacemaker algorithms on atrial fibrillation progression. Subjects and Methods: Patients with dual chamber (group A) and single chamber (group B)pacemakers were included in the study. Patients with history of AF at the time of pacemaker implantation were not included in the study. The relation between pacemaker parameters and AF development was monitored. Result: Group A showed that RV pacing percentage had high significance for developing AF with P value P

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The role of the system of insulin-like growth factors in blood in soft tissue sarcomas

Goroshinskaya I.A., Kaplieva I.V., Sagatelyan S.A., Frantsiyants E.M., Vashchenko L.N., Pogorelova Yu.A., Trepitaki L.K., Ausheva T.V., Chernogorov P.V.

Статья

Although soft tissue sarcomas (STS) belong to a group of rare diseases of mesenchymal origin, their characteristic tendency to recurrence and high mortality necessitates the search for some prognostic bio-markers to identify patients at risk of their recurrence [1]. In this regard, the system of insulinlike growth factors (IGF) and their binding proteins (IGFBP) is of interest, since it has been established that dysregulation of the IGF system leads to the proliferation of cancer cells, migration and resistance to chemotherapy.

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The state of anti-oxidation system in rats under chemically induced cancerogenesis and influence by complexly modulated ultra-low frequency magnetic field (ULF MF)

Kit Oleg I., Shikhlyarova Alla I., Frantsiyants Elena M., Cheryarina Natalia D., Tkalya Lyudmila D.

Статья научная

At present, control of properties of biological membranes as targets of magnetic field applications within a living cell is the subject of considerable discussion in the scientific community. Experimental studies carried out by us demonstrate that ULF MF has an access to the most important mechanisms of tumor growth. The most likely mechanism among them is that responsible for the processes of free-radicals oxidation. Therefore, our research work was aimed at studies of influences of ULF MF on indicators of the anti-oxidation system in blood plasma and blood cells in rats in the chemically induced cancerogenesis. Our experimental studies were performed in 45 outbred albino male rats having a body mass from 160 to 180 g. The state of the anti-peroxidation protection of cell membranes was assessed by indicators of the fermentation subsystem of AOS (catalase, TPA, SOD), and the state of the non-fermentive subsystem of AOS was estimated by indicators of the concentrations of vitamins A and E in blood serum...

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The state of free-radicals processes in cardiomyocytes in rats under the action of doxorubicin and protection by preductal

Kit Oleg I., Frantsiyants Elena M., Neskubina Irina V., Surikova Ekaterina I., Shalashnaya Elena V., Nemashkalova Lyudmila A., Cheryarina Natalia D., Kozyuk Olga V., Pogorelova Yulia A., Kozlova Larisa S., Bandovkina Valeria A., Kaplieva Irina V., Trepitaki Lidia K., Myagkov Roman E., Kozhushko Mikhail А., Sanamyants Sergey V., Averkin Mikhail А., Tolmakh Roman Е.

Статья научная

Aims The aim of our research work was to investigate the state of the lipid peroxidation system - the antioxidant protection system (LPO-AOS) in heart tissue in rats received either Doxorubicin alone or in combination with Preductal premedication. Materials and methods Our experimental studies were carried out in mature male albino rats from outbread stocks (the cohort covered 50 animals) with an individual body mass from 150 to 160 g. The cohort included the following groups of the rats: the reference group covered 10 intact animals; group 1 (20 rats) received dosage of Doxorubicin of 2mg/kg, five times, up to a cumulative dose of 10 mg/kg; group 2 (20 animals) medicated as follows: the 5-day introduction of Preductal with dosage of 35 mg/kg followed by Doxorubicin medication according to the same schedule used in group 1. MDA, levels of the A & E vitamins, SOD and catalase activity, Total Peroxidase Activity (TPA), the ratios E/A, SOD/TPA and SOD/catalase were assessed in heart tissue...

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The state of hydrolytic processes in the myocardium and its draining lymphocytes in rats under the effect of doxorubicin under protective trimetazidine premedication

Frantsiyants Elena М., Surikova Ekaterina I., Kaplieva Irina V., Trepitaki Lidia K., Neskubina Irina V., Shalashnaya Elena V., Bandovkina Valeria A., Kozlova Larisa S., Pogorelova Yulia A., Nemashkalova Lyudmila A., Cheryarina Natalia D., Tavaryan Irina S., Kozyuk Olga V., Rozenko Lyudmila Y., Sakun Pavel G., Trifanov Vladimir S.

Статья научная

Aims The aim hereof is to study the activity of cathepsin D (CatD), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (AP), the antitryptic activity (ATA) of acid-stable inhibitors (ASI) in rats in heart tissue and its draining lymphocytes under introduction of Doxorubicin and protection with Trimetazidine.

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The state of intracardiac hemodynamics in the elderly people with arterial hypertension, taking into account age, gender differences and geographic climatic living conditions

Tkhabisimova I.K., Tkhabisimova M.M., Medalieva R.K., Akhmetov A.V., Zhemukhova R.K.

Статья научная

We conducted a study of the state of intracardiac hemodynamics in elderly patients with hypertension in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, taking into account age, gender and geographic climatic differences.

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The state of the cardiovascular system in female students after use of different doses of caffeine

Anzorov Vakha A., Moryakina Svetlana V.

Статья научная

Our article is devoted to the study of the state of the cardiovascular system in female students after the use of different doses of caffeine. Drinking 200 mg of coffee leads to a significant increase in heart rhythm and diastolic blood pressure in girls. The maximum values of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure are reached 1 hour after caffeine intake. Thus, in this case, reported is an increase in the heart rhythm by 12.7% (P ˂ 0.05), a rise in the high blood pressure by 8.8% and that in the low blood pressure level by 12.0% (P ˂ 0.05), as compared to the respective initial values thereof. After drinking 100 mg of coffee, there are no significant changes in the indicators of the cardiovascular system performance recorded: an increase in the heart rate after 1 hour has been reported to be 9.5%, a rise in the systolic blood pressure (BPs) has reached 5.0% and that in the diastolic one (BPd) 6.4%, as compared with the values of the reference group. The use of different doses of caffeine does not lead to significant changes in the duration of the waves and segments on the electrocardiogram. 3 and 6 hours after drinking coffee, the indicators of the cardiovascular system are gradually decreasing, approaching their respective initial values.

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The state of the cardiovascular system in women during pregnancy

Anzorov V.A., Moryakina S.V.

Статья научная

The work is devoted to the study of the impact of pregnancy on the state of the cardiovascular system in women. The process of pregnancy is accompanied by significant changes in the rhythm of the heart performance and blood pressure, and the duration of the ECG waves and segments are not significantly fluctuated. The heart rhythm, gradually increasing, reaches its maximum value of 87.3 beats per minute (P

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The study of hemodynamics in critical patients under intensive care unit conditions

Tamrazyan David М., Shikhlyarova Alla I., Kopylov Oleg N., Pyagai Olga G.

Отчет

Studies of hemodynamics in critical patients under intensive care unit conditions have been a very difficult task until now [1]. There are a number of reasons for that. No instruments capable of noninvasively recording data on hemodynamics and metabolism, as well as the cardiovascular system performance, could be used. Of course it is reasonable that, according to the relevant methodology, all the data should be recorded on the 'here-and-now' basis, in real time, to enable rapid decision-making in order to save the patient's life.

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The use of anti-transglutaminase and anti-gliadin antibodies to compare the effect of gluten active and gluten-free diet patients suffering from celiac disease in child and adult

Aljamrawy D.A.B., Beg K.A.A., Al-yasiri I.K.

Статья научная

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The current study aimed to compare the levels of these antibodies in celiac disease patients on active gluten-containing diets and those on gluten-free diets to demonstrate the ability to get rid of Celiac Disease by Gluten-Free Diet. The study involved 100 participants, divided into 60 CD patients and 40 controls, where all participant match in age and gender. The patient group was further divided into two subgroups 40 active celiac and 20 GFD. Blood samples were obtained from all participants, and levels of anti-tTG and anti-gliadin antibodies were using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technology. The results showed The F test indicated a significant difference in the levels of anti-tTG and anti-gliadin antibodies between the active group (G1) and the diet group (G2) in comparison to the control group (G3), with a p-value less than 0.001. Upon conducting a deeper analysis using the least significant difference (LSD) on on anti-tTG IgA and IgG indicate that there are no significant differences between the patient groups G1 and G2, as evidenced by p-values of 0.120 for IgA. However, a significant difference was observed between G1 and G2 for IgG, with a p-value of 0.018. When comparing G1 with G3, and G2 with G3, significant differences were observed, with p-values less than 0.001. In the case of anti-gliadin IgA and IgG, the LSD test revealed a highly significant difference between G1 and G2, as indicated by a p-value less than 0.001. However, no significant differences were found between G1 and G3, with p-values of 0.499 for IgA and 0.110 for IgG. A highly significant difference was none the less observed between G2 and G3, with a p-value less than 0.001.In conclusion, This study highlights the importance of dietary adherence in celiac disease management. Patients on gluten-free diets had significantly lower levels of anti-TG and anti-gliadin antibodies, indicating better control of the autoimmune response. Monitoring these antibody levels can be a valuable tool in assessing the effectiveness of dietary interventions in celiac disease patients.

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