Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 571
Speckle images of the vessels and hydrodynamic phantoms in optical coherence tomography
Статья научная
The results of a study of a series of sequential images of a vessel and a hydrodynamic phantom of biological tissues obtained using a Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SP OCT) are presented. Acquired data were processed and histograms of speckle distributions were created. They demonstrated differences in the intensity distribution for three different areas of the OCT image: (1) free space, (2) wall of the vessel, and (3) the flow of scatterers. Using an optimization algorithm the histograms were approximated by various distribution functions, best result was demonstrated by the beta distribution with the determination coefficient R2 ~ 0.95. The resulting distributions quantitatively demonstrate effect of tissue heterogeneity. They show significant differences in the values of the shape and scale parameters, corresponding to the obtained beta distribution parameters, which were α ~ 1.7, β ~ 20.5 for free space, α ~ 3.1, β ~ 5.5 for the wall region of the phantom, α ~ 2.6, β ~ 1.7 for the flow of the scattering liquid. Variance matrices of the OCT images, which show correlation of speckles between adjacent pixels and those of the successive images were also obtained. Brighter areas of the variance matrix indicate a dynamic speckle structure in OCT images, while low brightness of the areas indicates static speckle structure, on the contrary.
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Spotlight on management of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Статья обзорная
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the commonest inherited cardio-myopathy. Prevalence 1/500 individuals. The disease has variable expressivity and penetrance, which leads to a diverse phenotypical expression. The aim of this review paper is to shed light on management of HCM.
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Standardization of the ECG on the basis of cardiac cycle phase analysis
Статья научная
Aims The article aims at describing the basic system criteria of the ECG interpretation on the basis of the cardiac cycle phase processes as well as systematizing these criteria for developing new standards for the ECG classification. Materials and An original ECG lead of the ascending aorta is proposed. It identifies the methods boundaries of the rapid and slow ejection phases. The concepts and description of the ECG waves are introduced. The amplitudes of the ECG waves are used to characterize the contraction of the muscles of the cardiovascular system segments. Results The general principles of the ECG standardization based on the amplitude analysis of the ECG waves are described. Conclusion Development of the standardization system will contribute to quality improvement of the diagnostics performed by practising physicians.
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Статья научная
The aim hereof has been to investigate the dynamics of processes of free radical oxidation and antioxidant protection in the heart cell mitochondria in female mice of strain С57ВL/6 at different stages of the В16/F10 melanoma growth under the comorbid pathology conditions, namely, chronic neurogenic pain.
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Stellanin: a promising medical drug for accompanying therapy in lung cancer treatment
Статья научная
One of the cancer prevention measures involves the correction of the altered functions of the body’s regulatory systems. Many malignant tumors are accompanied by the thyroid system dysfunction. The aim of our study was to reveal an effect of an iodine-containing drug on the development of a tumor process in the lungs and the level of thyroid hormones in blood and the thyroid gland in male rats. Material and methods. Outbred white male rats were divided into the following groups: a group of intact animals (n=7); a comparison group – 5 weeks after an intravenous inoculation of sarcoma 45 (S45) at 2*106 (n=7); a main group – 5 weeks after an intravenous inoculation of S45 and intragastric administration of Stellanin at a single dose of 0.4 mg/kg within an hour after the inoculation (n=10). RIA was used to determine levels of free (F) and total triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in the blood serum and the thyroid. Results. The lungs of rats in the comparison group were totally affected by the tumor, and the thyroid gland showed a sharp decrease in the levels of all hormone forms: T4 – by 18.7 times, T3 – by 8.5 times, FТ4 – by 8.1 times, FТ3 – by 21.3 times, while only FТ4 and FТ3 decreased in blood by 2.5 and 1.5 times, respectively (p<0.05). No tumor lesions were detected in the lungs of rats of the main group, and the hormone levels exceeded the levels in the comparison group: in the thyroid, FT4 by 3.7, T4 by 15.0 and T3 by 6.0 times; in blood, FT4 by 3.3 and FT3 by 1.7 times Conclusions. The effect of Stellanin inhibiting malignant growth of S45 in the lungs is accompanied by the restoration of low levels of thyroid hormones in the thyroid and blood.
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Strategies for mitigating the effects of a pandemic on Indian medical tourism
Статья научная
India is a favorable destination for medical tourism because of its quality healthcare services and affordable treatment costs. It is a continuously growing industry across the globe. But whenever any pandemic situation arises, it adversely affects the industry. Currently, COVID-19 has a severe negative impact on the medical tourism sector. This paper discusses the effects of a pandemic, critical issues, SWOT analysis, and components that mitigate the adverse effects of pandemic diseases on medical tourism in India. During this phase, it is crucial to encourage domestic medical tourism for the sustainability of this sector. India’s heritage of ancient medicine promotion, along with modern medicine can captivate the medical tourists. The destination country requires meeting the expectations of tourists through quality services. With India entering this unexpected downturn in this sector, destination country it must emphasize the slow and steady growth of medical tourism against the current and potential future pandemics.
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Stress among caregivers of schizophrenia - a pilot analysis
Статья научная
Caregivers of patients with schizophrenia experience a lot of stress and emotional strain, and they are frequently required to take care of them for the rest of their lives. Having a relative with mental illness can be stressful for many families.In India, the family is an important source of support for the mentally sick. Despite their incredible fortitude in caring for their relatives, Indian families face a great deal of physical and emotional suffering. The bad feelings and subsequent strain experienced as a result of caring for a chronically ill individual are referred to as caregiver’s burden. The overall response of an organism to external demands or pressure is known as stress. Any incident or occurrence that a person perceives a danger to his or her coping skills or resources can be the source of stress, and coping is a complex process. Ignorance and misconceptions among patient caregivers, deinstitutionalization policies, and a lack of resources all contribute to a high illness burden among caregivers. Many families believe they lack the required coping techniques to assist in the management of their relatives’ mental illness. Serious mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, have catastrophic consequences for both sufferers and their families. A pilot study was done among 28 careers of schizophrenia to examine the study’s viability and feasibility. This study advocated for a true experimental research design .Conclusion: This pilot study concludes by demonstrating the efficacy of psychosocial therapies on stress in schizophrenia careers.
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Stress in pathogenesis of development of tumor pathology of the thyroid gland
Статья
Our experience in the endocrine surgery at our clinics institution has shown a relationship between the appearance of nodules in the thyroid gland and a long-term exposure to stress. At present, the complicated geopolitical circumstances play a role of an active stressor, and until recently, it was also the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused a change in lifestyle, heavy material losses, and loss of loved ones. Oncogenic activity of cells is reflected in an imbalance of markers of proliferation and apoptosis. Many researchers associate thyroid pathology with molecular alterations as diagnostic markers
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Статья
Depending on the individual resistance to hypoxia, many cell-adaptive reactions are formed, but the mechanisms of their occurrence are still not clear. Hypoxia is associated with many biological processes, including pathogenic microbial infection, cancer, acute and chronic diseases, and more other. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) regulate the expression of a number of genes involved in cellular metabolism, cell growth/death, cell proliferation, glycolysis, immune response, tumorigenesis, and metastasis. The brain and the heart are the organs most sensitive to oxygen deficiency, and their mitochondria, as the primary consumers of cellular oxygen, help tune cellular and organismal responses to hypoxia through structural or functional modifications. To date, there have been no comparative studies of the ultrastructural features of brain and cardiac mitochondria in animals demonstrating different tolerance types to oxygen deficiency: low-resistance (LR) and high resistance (HR) to hypoxia, which influence the general resistance of the body to oxygen deficiency.
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Статья научная
Topicality. Most of the inhabitants on the planet have directly experienced certain manifestations of pain, and in the case of chronic pain sensations, some significant changes may occur not only in the psycho-emotional sphere of a human individual, but also some functional alterations in the life maintenance systems. There are two global problems of medicine which are associated with oncology and cardiovascular pathology, and, taking into account the prevalence of pain symptoms of various etiologies, a pathological triangle is formed, each side of which affects the overall configuration thereof. There is a need to understand these pathological relationships in order to determine the real possibilities of breaking them and correcting such common complex life situations. Any attempt to create a concept and visually verify the real pathological changes in the heart, when modeling a combination of chronic neurogenic pain and a malignant process, is relevant that is the aim of this research work. We targeted the morphological picture of the heart in female mice with chronic neurogenic pain (CNP) and the growth of B16 melanoma and found a rather tough scenario of unfolded events. Materials and methods. We used female mice of the C57BL/6 line with a normal genotype. Chronic neurogenic pain (CNP) was produced by bilateral ligation of the sciatic nerve. Against that background, all animals were subcutaneously transplanted with melanoma B16/F10. After decapitation, the isolated heart preparations were carried out according to the stages of morphological preparation for staining sections with hematoxylin-eosin, followed by morphological examination of the structure with the Leica DM LS2 microscope furnished with an Olympus optical.C-5050 Zoom video camera and Morfotest software. Photographing was conducted with magnifications x10, x40, x100. Results. A pronounced pro-oncogenic effect of pain stimulation of the neurogenic nature was revealed, which consisted in an earlier manifestation of the tumor growth, large-scale metastasizing even to atypical target organs, and the formation of a pre-terminal state at an earlier time. At the same time, morphological correlates of prolonged damage to the heart at the level of the valves and the ventricular wall were determined, the key elements of which were ischemia, total longitudinal splitting of muscle fiber bundles, blood filling of large vessels, hemorrhages, deep cell dystrophy of cardiomyocytes, myolysis, macrofocal necrosis (myomalacia), an accumulation of necrotic masses, fibrosis and eosinophilic infiltration. Visualization of the nuclei of cardiomyocytes indirectly indicated the switch of the death program to the non-apoptotic pathway, i.e. necrosis as a result from the “tumor-caused” depletion of the energy reserves of cardiomyocytes. Conclusion. The simulated hypertrophied manifestations of myocardial catastrophe in the experiment expand the concept of a prolonged infarction and provide a basis for predicting and preventing a negative course of events in difficult patients with persistent pain syndromes and comorbid pathology against the background of the development of a malignant process.
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Статья научная
The aim of this research work has been to investigate the structural organization of solid films made from blood plasma taken from patients with secretory multiple myeloma (MM) and identify some specific markers of the tumor process in them, when conducting selective plasma exchange and medication. Using the methods of wedge- and edge-shaped dehydratation, we have completed morphological screening of solid samples of blood plasma in 25 patients primarily diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM). The obtained results are characterized by profound disorders in the processes of self-organization with predominance of some pathological morphotypes of facias having systemic and local signs of intoxication and paraproteinemia, which correlate with their equivalents revealed in the respective biochemical tests. It has been found that development of multiple myeloma is accompanied by formation of some oncomarkers specific to this sort of oncopathology. The identification of the oncomarkers have been confirmed by the formation of the pathological aggregation of anisotropic micro- and macrospherolytes, which have demonstrated degenerative transformations upon completion of chemotherapy: they have been shaded because of producing complex compounds with chemotherapy drugs or metabolites of the latter. Conclusion. By this means the cascade of the pathological events have been reflected in our screening morphological assays of blood plasma that is of great prognostic value and may be used in evaluation of efficacy of treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Отчет
Conventional methods for arterial pressure (AP) measurement are not capable of identifying it in each cardiac cycle. Besides, they ignore many significant factors. The paper reports on an innovative method based on cardiac cycle phase analysis for detecting systolic and diastolic AP changes in each cardiac cycle using synchronous digitally processed ECG and Rheo recordings. Considered is the phase mechanism of the natural diastolic pressure regulation. The diastolic AP changes referred to the physiological norm and aortic dilatation status are also assessed.
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Study of artificial aortic valve influence on hemodynamics by heart cycle phase analysis method
Отчет
The results of study of an artificial aortic valve by the heart cycle phase analysis are given in the paper. The main aim of the study is identifying the artificial aortic valve influence on cardiovascular system functions, the way and ranges of these functions change. The results of phase blood volume measurement and the numerical values that characterize the metabolic processes in heart muscles are given herein.
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Статья
Eukaryotic protein kinases are represented by a large superfamily of homologous proteins similar in structure of the catalytic (kinase) domain, consisting of 250-300 amino acids [3]. Most human protein kinases share a common fold consisting of an N-terminal lobe, consisting of a five-stranded β-sheet with an α-helix called the C-helix, and a C-terminal lobe comprising six α-helices. The active center is located between the two lobes and forms binding sites for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and protein [4]. Protein kinases modify the functions of other proteins by phosphorylation, acting as elements of signaling pathways. Disorders and abnormalities in the activity of these enzymes give rise to the pathogenesis of many malignant neoplasms. Based on this fact, the targeted synthesis of some substances capable of selectively modifying the activity of protein kinases is an urgent task. The study of the process of interaction of molecules with the catalytic center of protein kinase by the method of molecular dynamics makes it possible to search for chemical structures of substances capable of inhibiting this enzyme [2]. Taking into account the high similarity of the structure of the catalytic domains of various human protein kinases, it is of scientific interest to develop a technique for modeling the molecular dynamics of the ligand-enzyme system, which allows predicting the spectrum of inhibitory activity against a set of protein kinases.
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Статья
The cytotoxicity of the synthesized conjugate was assessed in the cultivated Huh7 cells using the MTT test in co-incubation for 72 h in the concentration range from 4×10-2 µg/ml to 10 µg/ml. The toxicity was tested in vivo in the female DBA2 mice by an intraperitoneal injection of the test conjugate at a dose of 20 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 33 mg/kg (water for injectionused to dilute) followed by observation of the animals for 28 days. The DBA2 strain mice were intraperitoneally transplanted with the lymphocytic leukemia L1210 to study the antitumor activity of the above agent. The conjugate was administered at a dose of 24 or 12 mg/kg once 24 hours after the tumor transplantation. The efficacy was assessed by the criterion of increased survival (IS), and tolerability was evaluated by changes in the body weight of mice, some external signs, and the number of animals’ deaths from toxicity. Results. The IC50 values in the cultivated Huh7 cells were recorded to be 0.08±0.02 µg/ml. The doses tested in the mice did not show any toxic effects within 672 hours after the single dose use; no death cases in the mice were reported, and no special features were recorded in the autopsy. The maximum tolerated dose was determined to be above 33 mg / kg for the intraperitoneal administration. In the model of the lymphocytic leukemia L1210, the IS value was 60% (p function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Статья научная
Aims This paper deals with a study of central hemodynamics in 363 pediatric patients with burn shock as compared with a reference healthy children group in order to establish clinical value of the hemodynamic parameters for burn shock diagnostics and therapy. Materials and There is a new method applied to examine the functional status of the methods cardiovascular system with use of the medical equipment Cardiocode that is based on the method of the heart cycle phase analysis and capable of measuring parameters such as a stroke volume (SV), a circulation minute volume (CMV), systolic parameters (both a rapid ejection volume Vr.e. and a slow ejection volume Vs.e.), diastolic parameters (an early diastole volume Ve.d. and an atrial systole volume Va.s.), including a volumetric parameter characterizing the actual tonus of the ascending aorta (Va.a.). Results Age-related trends in the above volumetric parameters have been established herein. Specific features of the hemodynamic parameters in pediatric patients with burn shock have been identified. Conclusion Diagnostics of changes in the central hemodynamics in pediatric burn patients at their hospital admission provides reliable prediction tools for detecting shock well in advance and starting with an adequate intensive therapy.
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Статья научная
Aims The aim is to study the effect of simulated space flight factors on the human central hemodynamics and evaluate the effectiveness of colloid and crystalloid infusions in microgravity simulation using the Cardiocode method. Materials and methods Test subjects were six men aged 20 to 35 without chronic somatic diseases. Antiorthostatic hypokinesia with an angle of 15 ° (ANOH-15) simulated the weightlessness was used. Diuretics were used to simulate hypovolemia in the test individuals. During ANOH-15 the colloid and crystalloid intravenous infusions were applied. Central hemodynamics parameters were measured by Cardiocode method. Results Background quantitative and qualitative central hemodynamics parameters were obtained, several individual characteristics of blood flow regulation were identified. The effects of space flight factors, ground-based simulated with antiorthostatic hypokinesia, on the human hemodynamics were investigated. The efficacy of crystalloid and colloid infusions for the correction of central hemodynamics abnormalities in test subjects with hypovolemia in microgravity was studied. Conclusion The Cardiocode method allowed obtaining the information about the effects of simulated space flight factors and different infusion fluids on the human central hemodynamics. The efficacy of crystalloid and colloid infusions for the correction of central hemodynamics abnormalities in test subjects in microgravity was positively evaluated.
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Статья научная
Purpose - This article aims to study the employees’ behavior during organizational change and the effects of business theatre on the Kübler-Ross Model to boost the employees’ spirit so that the efficiency of an organization would increase. Design/methodology/approach - The authors revisit the insights from previous work on the role of organizational change and its effects on employees’ behavior. Classic KüblerRoss Model has been used in this study to analyze employees’ behavior during the change process. Findings - This article shows how business theatre can act as a healer and help employees overcome emotional turmoil. Eventually, the implementation of business theatre may shorten the time taken by the employees when they go through shock-denial-anger-bargaining-depression-acceptance-commitment phases of grief. Originality/value - The paper provides new insights into the role of business theatre in organizational change management. It focuses on the interrelationship between both, with the help of the conceptual framework of the Kübler-Ross Model, which explains employees’ behavior during the organizational change.
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Study of factors leading to poor sleep among management students
Статья научная
Sleep is the most important but often neglected element of an individual’s overall health and well-being. Lack of sleep or poor sleep can adversely affect health in an individual and lead to various diseases. At the same time, sleep problems are not uncommon among students. The factors leading to poor sleep among management students who have a comparatively tight schedule are still unclear. The paper aims to understand the factors leading to poor sleep among management students. The study has been focused on the management students (MBA’s) studying in the different management colleges of the state of Maharashtra. A total of 297 management students were surveyed. Apart from factor analysis, the Kessler distress scale was used for Measuring Psychological distress.52% of the respondents fell in the category of likely to have a mental disorder. Managements can draw inference from this and implement strategies to make sure this number reduces.
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Статья научная
The sedative activity of the zopnik herb on the model of prolongation of the sleeping action of barbiturate in white rats was studied. As a result of the study, it was found that, in terms of the ability to prolong urethane sleep, Mullein-shaped zopnik is equivalent to the well-known sedative - Regel’s zopnik herb. When studying the sleeping effect, it was shown that the Mullein-shaped zopnik herb does not cause signs of drowsiness compared to the control.
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