Статьи журнала - Cardiometry
Все статьи: 606
Prospects for complex mitochondrial therapy in oncology
Статья
The aim of the study: Brief overview of the background, current status and possibilities of mitochondrial therapy of malignant tumors.
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Prospects for the application of mathematical modeling in clinical medicine
Статья научная
Aims The aims of the study are to follow the correlation of СAD development with various clinical and laboratory parameters and risk factors in a cohort of patients with multiple medical conditions and evaluate the effect of various parameters in the development of the disease using a new mathematical model approach. Materials and methods This study covers a limited patient cohort (n = 12) formed according to the rules of a local register. We have applied the methods of probabilistic mathematical modeling of cardiovascular disease with the formation of an aggregated matrix. Matrix fields were presented the instrumental methods of diagnosis and clinical and biochemical blood tests of patients. Results When using various methods of mathematical and statistical analysis (including cluster and factor analysis), created has been a graphic model of interaction of clinical, biochemical and instrumental parameters with the development of CAD. The mathematical and statistical completeness of the description of the patient’s condition by the parameters of pathology on the basis of the measure of reliability of the completeness of the description was R=0,98-1,0, the coefficient of determination was equal to R2=92,0-98,0%...
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Статья
Skin melanoma is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm, the treatment of disseminated forms of which remains a serious problem, despite recent advances in the development of medical drugs based on the inhibition of the BRAF oncogene as well as on the basis of immune response regulators [1]. In addition, the question of identifying prognostic markers of metastasis and diagnostic markers of skin melanoma remains relevant. Despite advances in understanding the pathogenesis of melanoma and the development of various therapies aimed at immune checkpoints, the patient survival remains low in the progressing metastatic disease [2]. Targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are used in the treatment of metastatic melanoma.
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Prospects for the use of neural networks in cardiometry
Статья обзорная
This paper provides an overview of the use of neural network technology in cardiology, primarily in diagnostics using ECG. The aim of this work is to substantiate the use of artificial neural network technology in cardiometry, as a field of science that is closely related to cardiology, but differs from it in the wider use of natural science approaches. The definition of machine learning is given, and the concept of artificial neural networks as one of the methods of machine learning is defined. The mechanism of electrocardiogram recording is described and methods of its analysis are considered. The types of neural networks used for electrocardiograms processing are revealed. The prospects of using the neural network method for processing the data obtained during cardiometric studies are determined.
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Protective effect by melatonin in an experiment with transplantable melanoma B16
Статья
Recent studies have shown that the pineal gland hormone melatonin has a variety of regulatory effects of an adaptogen with multimodal capabilities. Currently, the properties of melatonin as an anticarcinogenic agent are being actively studied. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that melatonin in combination with chemotherapeutic agents is capable of producing a synergistic effect in combination therapy for the treatment of melanoma.
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Protein system of bacillus anthracis antigens
Статья научная
In our research work, we have considered the structures of some anthrax antigens, their design and functions, as well as the genetic apparatus encoding them. The study is of interest to those practicing microbiologists and researchers whose area of interest includes knowledge of the regulation of infection processes and subsequent transformations of Bacillus anthracis spores in the host organism. Pathways for the expression of B. anthracis pathogenic genes, the factors influencing them, as well as ways to use patterns in gene expression to increase the immunization in experimental animals by combining various experimental vaccines, which are currently used in preventive practice in different countries of the world and in particular in the Russian Federation, are considered in detail herein. In addition, the article may be of interest to scientists and researchers conducting research in the field of creating new immunizing agents based either on the anthrax genome or some parts thereof.
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Quality control of NK cells produced ex vivo for malignant neoplasm therapy
Статья
The process of transferring the technology for obtaining a drug from the laboratory to production and, then, to the clinical practice is always a very complicated and time-consuming way, requiring many adaptation solutions. Regarding biomedical cell products (BMCP), this is even a more complex process, requiring large-scale expansion of procedures to obtain clinically significant numbers of cells, adaptation to reagents and equipment, and establishment of safety parameters for reagents, equipment and the final product. Nevertheless
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Тезисы
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Radiodynamic and contact radiation therapy of inoculated tumor in an in vivo experiment
Статья
Introduction. In recent years, interest in the use of such physical factors as magnetic fields, ultrasound, and hyperthermia to activate Photosensibilizers (PS) has increased in experimental oncology. One of the promising scientific areas is radiodynamic therapy (RDT), a new method of therapy based on the combined use of PS and ionizing radiation [1]. The first PS with the radiosensitizing properties proven in the in vitro/in vivo experiments were 5-aminolevulinic acid, Hematoporphyrin, and Photofrin II [2, 3]. The main mechanisms of the implementation of the antitumor response of RDT remain poorly studied. According to Shaffer M. et al., on the one hand, PS (for example, "Photofrin II"), under the influence of ionizing radiation, can enhance the radiolytic effect due to reactive oxygen species (hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion and singlet oxygen) formed in the tumor cell upon exposure to the proper radiation [2]. On the other hand, the exposure to ionizing radiation leads to sublethal and lethal damage to tumor cells. Further, sublethal changes are, as a rule, reversible, associated with the implementation of the mechanisms responsible for restoring the functions of the tumor cell. In case of activation of the PS "Photofrin II"
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Relation of antistress and geroprotective effects of deuterium depleted water in aging female rats
Статья научная
The use of deuterium depleted water (DDW) in a dosing regimen of 25-30 ml per day for five weeks in aging female rats (20-22 months) contributed to the overall correction of agerelated disorders of the adaptive status, estrous cycle regulation and nonspecific resistance, as well as the appearance of visually distinct signs of rejuvenation of the animals. The obtained results show the relation between the geroprotective effect of DDW and the development of the general nonspecific antistress adaptation reactions of calm and elevated activation that can serve as an experimental basis for the development of an effective method of geriatrics and prevention of cardiovascular diseases and degenerative processes in women in the peri and postmenopausal period.
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Статья научная
Topicality. An increase in the incidence of malignant tumors progressing against the background of various comorbid pathologies determines the need to study the mutual influence of pathological processes using experimental modeling. Such models, for example, can reproduce the tumor growth modified by the comorbid condition of diabetes mellitus, the incidence rate of which is now increasing exponentially. In this case, a clear demonstration of changes in the structure of organs outside the zone of the primary tumor node, using data on the direct growth of the tumor and the content of diabetes markers therein and in the perifocal zone, can serve as an evidence-based argument for the implementation of the mechanism of modified tumor progression. The aim of our research work is to assess the state of the histological structure of some internal organs (the kidneys, the ovaries, the peritoneum) when modeling the main pathological process in animals, the growth of Guerin's carcinoma, against the background of a comorbid state of experimental diabetes. Materials and methods. We used 32 outbred male and female rats weighing 180-220 g to reproduce the model of experimental diabetes by a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan at a dosage of 150 mg/kg of body weight. One week after the production of persistent hyperglycemia in the range of 25.4±1.2 mmol/l, the animals were transplanted with Guerin's carcinoma subcutaneously in the region of the right shoulder blade. Upon expiration of 2 weeks, the animals were decapitated, and the harvested organs were prepared according to the practice stages of morphological preparation for staining sections with hematoxylin-eosin, followed by morphological examination of the structure with the use of the Leica DM LS2 microscope with the Olympus optical. C-5050 Zoom video camera and the Morfotest software. Photographing was carried out with magnification x10, x40, x100. Results. Our study of the morphological portrayal of the ovary, the kidney, the visceral and parietal peritoneum bears witness to the identity of the changes, consisting in a total metastatic lesion and abnormal transformation of the normal structure of all the studied organs only in the female rats, when modeling the comorbid state of diabetes mellitus. At the same time, the aggressive nature of the tumor progression was manifested in the blood filling of the vessels and hemorrhage, followed by the release of tumor cells, their settlement, the enhanced proliferation, the formation of strands and compaction of cell aggregations throughout the volume of the organ. Some gender specific features of the tumor progression were noted, which were found in the female rats along the path of active metastasizing in case of small primary tumors, and in the male rats along the path of stimulating the growth of the primary focus without metastasizing. It was revealed that these differences are associated with different degrees of saturation of the tumor and perifocal zone with glucose, and they are determined by the state of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis. Conclusion. Morphological examination of the organs affected by metastatic Guerin's carcinoma in the female rats with diabetes mellitus makes it possible to detect not only the synergy of both pathological processes, but also a powerful pro-oncogenic effect of the comorbid state of diabetes in the implementation of the tumor growth program.
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Relationship between spiritual intelligence (SI) & job satisfaction (JS) in millennials
Статья научная
In this fast-paced lifestyle with escalating cases of anxiety and depression, millennial are trying to find meaning in life and at work. The presence of high-octane electronic media both in millennial' personal & professional life is making them more anxious about their career and personal beliefs. There is a belief that a person who exhibits spiritual intelligence is most likely to achieve a sense of job satisfaction in life. Various MNCs are organizing many programs to develop and enhance the employee's spiritual intelligence. This paper focuses on millennial working in the Defense and IT field with empirical study to analyze the influence of spiritual intelligence on their job satisfaction. Dhamodharan and Ravikumar mention that millennial, born in the period between 1981-1995, witnessed consumerism and technological advancement worldwide. People born in this era were less exposed to traditional religious teaching due to changing social-cultural values; hence they indulge in spirituality to balance their lifestyle to optimize the basic value of life. Emmons mentions that “SI is a blend of internal & external structure: spirituality being an internal structure and intelligence as an external structure to create a new structure which evolves the person with remarkable capacities to practically use their spirituality on their everyday basis.”
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Тезисы
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Статья научная
COVID-19 has not just affected the health of citizens. However, the world’s economic wheel stopped. All the import-export activities were sieged, schools, colleges, malls, and any other similar place, where there is a chance of gathering, has been locked down. A major section of the global economy was closed down for a period of two to three months. Still, they are operating with minimum permitted capacity. The service sector is opening up stage-wise, and people have started to work in their respective offices. Before this, most people, right from teachers to CEOs of top companies, worked from home. 100% of IT and ITES based organizations were working from their homes in the recent past; rather, these people were working from home before the COVID-19 situation. This present study will evaluate the interest areas of people working from home and try to evaluate the scenario of working from home even after the pandemic of COVID-19 is over.
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Статья научная
The paper presents the results of our research study on the impact of different durations of a biphasic rectangular pulse on the efficiency of the defibrillating action based on modeling and simulation of a cardiomyocyte in the framework of Cell Electrophysiology Simulation Environment. We used Luo-Rudy Mammalian Ventricular Model II (dynamic) as the mathematical model of the biochemical processes, which occur both on the surface and inside a cardiomyocyte in a guinea pig. An analysis of the obtained results allowed us to determine the optimal time of the defibrillating pulse. It has been shown that a pulse of 4 ms duration has the highest efficiency. The research has been carried out directly based on the mathematical model and simulation of the cardiomyocyte that makes it possible to minimize errors which may occur in experiments on animals
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Статья научная
Objective: To evaluate if switching therapy from an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) to sacubitril/valsartan induces incremental left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling and the effect of switching on quality of life (QOL) in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methodology: This prospective multicenter study included 100 patients with HFrEF. The patients were subdivided into two equal groups: Group one included patients who were switched to sacubitril/valsartan and group two included patients continued on ACEIs or ARBs as control group. The patients were subjected to medical history taking, clinical examination, heart failure related data, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification, blood samples and chemistry, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and quality of life assessment. Results: There was marked improvement in all two dimensional (2D) echocardiography parameters, as left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESVI), left ventricular end diastolic volume index (LVED-VI) and left atrium volume index (LAVI) which significantly reduced after 3 months of therapy with significant improvement in LV function (P-value 0.05). Moreover, mitral regurgitation (MR) severity significantly decreased (P-value 0.05). Regarding quality of life, there was a significant improvement in QOL. KCCQ score was significantly improved after 3 months of treatment (P-value function show_abstract() { $('#abstract1').hide(); $('#abstract2').show(); $('#abstract_expand').hide(); }
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Reverse techniques as a means of increasing the validity of the cardio-oculometric diagnostics
Статья научная
The article presents empirical data confirming the validity of our assumption that the use of reverse modes in operations with visual stimuli presented on the eyetracker screen allows us effectively assessing the degree of respondents' honesty in work. It is shown that the combination of modes "authentic view" with the "reverse view" significantly facilitates performing all tests by the respondents, simplifies the procedure of their self-determination in their personal choice and makes their participation in research an interesting and attracting event. It is noted that a comparison of the gaze parameters obtained in these modes can serve as an additional indicator of the degree of subjective significance of various visual stimuli elements for respondents. It is also shown that the use of reverse modes, visual stimuli of personal orientation, active participation of respondents in the discussion of all oculometric and oculographic data obtained therewith increases the motivation of interviewees to validate various types of information content and confidential discussion of even unpopular questions
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Review and classification of diagnostic methods of the cardiovascular system
Статья научная
Cardiovascular disease ranks first among the causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Given the aging of the world’s population, the problem is becoming increasingly relevant and represents a significant burden on the healthcare system. Untimely and inadequately treated heart diseases lead to severe complications and disability of patients. Despite the rich arsenal of diagnostic methods, in some cases there are still significant difficulties in making a diagnosis, establishing the cause of the disease and determining the extent of damage to the myocardium and heart vessels. At the same time, a good orientation of the attending physician regarding the possibilities of diagnostic methods allows, in most cases, to obtain a complete picture of the existing cardiovascular pathology. The aim of this work was to study modern methods for diagnosing cardiovascular diseases.
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