Статьи журнала - Компьютерная оптика

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"Бездифракционные пучки" и их каустики

"Бездифракционные пучки" и их каустики

Пальчикова И.Г.

Статья научная

В настоящей работе обсуждается возможность формирования фокальных областей в различных зонах дифракции и доказывается, что термин "бездифракционные пучки" применяется для обозначения ограниченной в пространстве части тороидальной световой волны. Световая линия, или осевая каустика, является результатом интерференции пересекающихся областей этой волны. Показано, что "бездифракционные пучки" формируются такими оптическими элементами, фазовая функция пропускания которых содержит линейные по радиальной координате слагаемые. Выполнено сравнение оптических характеристик каустик в ближней и в дальней зонах дифракции. Сообщается о синтезе нового дифракционного модулированного аксикона, который формирует две фокальных области различного типа. Приводятся результаты экспериментального исследования его оптических характеристик.

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"Винтовой" пространственный фазовый фильтр

"Винтовой" пространственный фазовый фильтр

Котляр В.В., Сойфер В.А.

Статья научная

Предложено использовать для фокусировки в кольцо фазовый элемент с пропусканием, фаза которого состоит из двух слагаемых: линейно-радиального слагаемого (аксикона) и линейно-азимутального ("винтового") слагаемого. Получены выражения для максимальной интенсивности света на кольце. Также получены выражения для распределения интенсивности света в зонах дифракции Френеля и Фраунгофера для случая дифракции плоской монохроматической волны на "винтовом" фазовом фильтре.

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"Экзотические" бинарные системы счисления для колец целых чисел Гаусса и Эйзенштейна

"Экзотические" бинарные системы счисления для колец целых чисел Гаусса и Эйзенштейна

Чернов Владимир Михайлович

Статья научная

В работе рассматриваются нестандартные бинарные системы счисления для колец целых чисел Гаусса и Эйзенштейна. Принципиальным отличием («экзотичностью») таких систем счисления от канонических систем счисления И. Катаи для квадратичных полей является использование в качестве бинарного «цифрового алфавита» двухэлементного множества, не содержащего числового нуля. В работе синтезируются также алгоритмы представления чисел в рассматриваемой системе счисления и характеризуются возможности эффективной реализации арифметических операций.

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20 лет научному изданию «Компьютерная оптика»

20 лет научному изданию «Компьютерная оптика»

Казанский Н.Л.

Статья

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3D-reconstruction of the human brain

3D-reconstruction of the human brain

Thaller R., Dimitrov L., Wenger E.

Статья научная

It is well known that the peculiar manifestations of talent are related to the morphology of human brain. The systematic researched in this field require a visualization of the individual human brain with high accuracy. This method makes it possible to accomplish a reconstruction of human brain from the series of images obtained with the use of equipment of nuclear magnetic resonance. The research of brain morphology is the basis for further visualisation of human activity through the superimposing measurements obtained by means of EEG.

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3D-визуализация многократно рассеивающих сред

3D-визуализация многократно рассеивающих сред

Захаров В.П., Синдяева А.Р.

Статья научная

Настоящая работа посвящена теоретическим исследованиям распространения низкоинтенсивного лазерного излучения оптического диапазона в многократно рассеивающих средах и направлена на создание универсальной оптической схемы их визуализации. При анализе внутренней структуры объекта и протекающих в нем процессов в большинстве случае необходимо учитывать не абсолютные значения оптических параметров, а их пространственно-временные флуктуации. В связи с этим в качестве базового метода исследования выбран дифференциальный алгоритм метода обратного рассеяния. Построена 3D-модель многократного рассеяния в программной среде TracePro с применением статистического метода Монте-Карло. Проведены численные эксперименты по математическому моделированию взаимодействия лазерного излучения с объектом и визуализации его строения. Определены зависимости дифференциальных характеристик рассеянного излучения от топологии и оптических параметров среды. На основании полученных данных сделан вывод о возможности применения созданной объемной модели для решения задач диагностики многократно рассеивающих объектов, в частности, биообъектов.

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3D-обобщение метода очистки от импульсного шума для обработки видеоданных

3D-обобщение метода очистки от импульсного шума для обработки видеоданных

Червяков Николай Иванович, Ляхов Павел Алексеевич, Оразаев Анзор Русланович

Статья научная

В статье предложен обобщенный метод адаптивной медианной фильтрации импульсного шума для обработки видеоданных. Метод основан на совместном применении итеративной обработки и преобразования результата медианной фильтрации на основе распределения Лоренца. Предложены четыре различные комбинации алгоритмических блоков метода. В экспериментальной части статьи приведены результаты сравнения качества работы предложенного метода с известными аналогами. Для моделирования было использовано видео, искаженное импульсным шумом с вероятностями искажения пикселей от 1 % до 99 % включительно. Численная оценка качества очистки видеоданных от шума на основе среднеквадратичной ошибки и индекса структурного сходства показала, что предложенный метод показывает лучший результат обработки во всех рассмотренных случаях по сравнению с известными подходами. Полученные в статье результаты могут найти широкое применение в практических приложениях цифровой обработки видео, например, для обработки визуальных данных в системах видеонаблюдения, идентификации и контроля промышленных процессов.

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A compact design of a balanced 1x4 optical power splitter based on silicon on insulator slot waveguides

A compact design of a balanced 1x4 optical power splitter based on silicon on insulator slot waveguides

Butt Muhammad Ali, Naresh Kumar Reddy Andra, Khonina Svetlana Nikolaevna

Статья научная

In this paper, a compact design of a balanced 1×4 optical power splitter based on coupled mode theory (CMT) is presented. The design consists of seven vertically slotted waveguides based on the silicon-on-insulator platform. The 1×4 OPS is modelled using commercial finite element method (FEM) simulation tool COMSOL Multiphysics 5.1. The optimized OPS is capable of working across the whole C-band with maximum ~39 % of power decay in the wavelength range 1530 - 1565 nm.

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A framework of reading timestamps for surveillance video

A framework of reading timestamps for surveillance video

Cheng Jun, Dai Wei

Статья научная

This paper presents a framework to automatically read timestamps for surveillance video. Reading timestamps from surveillance video is difficult due to the challenges such as color variety, font diversity, noise, and low resolution. The proposed algorithm overcomes these challenges by using the deep learning framework. The framework has included: training of both timestamp localization and recognition in a single end-to-end pass, the structure of the recognition CNN and the geometry of its input layer that preserves the aspect of the timestamps and adapts its resolution to the data. The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art accuracy in the end-to-end timestamps recognition on our datasets, whilst being an order of magnitude faster than competing methods. The framework can be improved the market competitiveness of panoramic video surveillance products.

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A generalization of Otsu method for linear separation of two unbalanced classes in document image binarization

A generalization of Otsu method for linear separation of two unbalanced classes in document image binarization

E.I. Ershov, S.A. Korchagin, V.V. Kokhan, P.V. Bezmaternykh

Статья

The classical Otsu method is a common tool in document image binarization. Often, two classes, text and background, are imbalanced, which means that the assumption of the classical Otsu method is not met. In this work, we considered the imbalanced pixel classes of background and text: weights of two classes are different, but variances are the same. We experimentally demonstrated that the employment of a criterion that takes into account the imbalance of the classes' weights, allows attaining higher binarization accuracy. We described the generalization of the criteria for a two-parametric model, for which an algorithm for the optimal linear separation search via fast linear clustering was proposed. We also demonstrated that the two-parametric model with the proposed separation allows increasing the image binarization accuracy for the documents with a complex background or spots.

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A joint study of deep learning-based methods for identity document image binarization and its influence on attribute recognition

A joint study of deep learning-based methods for identity document image binarization and its influence on attribute recognition

Snchez-rivero R., Bezmaternykh P.V., Gayer A.V., Morales-gonzlez A., Jos silva-mata F., Bulatov K.B.

Статья научная

Text recognition has benefited considerably from deep learning research, as well as the preprocessing methods included in its workflow. Identity documents are critical in the field of document analysis and should be thoroughly researched in relation to this workflow. We propose to examine the link between deep learning-based binarization and recognition algorithms for this sort of documents on the MIDV-500 and MIDV-2020 datasets. We provide a series of experiments to illustrate the relation between the quality of the collected images with respect to the binarization results, as well as the influence of its output on final recognition performance. We show that deep learning-based binarization solutions are affected by the capture quality, which implies that they still need significant improvements. We also show that proper binarization results can improve the performance for many recognition methods. Our retrained U-Net-bin outperformed all other binarization methods, and the best result in recognition was obtained by Paddle Paddle OCR v2.

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A novel approach for partial shape matching and similarity based on data envelopment analysis

A novel approach for partial shape matching and similarity based on data envelopment analysis

Arhid Khadija, Zakani Fatima Rafii, Sirbal Basma, Bouksim Mohcine, Aboulfatah Mohamed, Gadi Taoufiq

Статья научная

Due to the growing number of 3D objects in digital libraries, the task of searching and browsing models in an extensive 3D database has been the focus of considerable research in the area. In the last decade, several approaches to retrieve 3D models based on shape similarity have been proposed. The majority of the existing methods addresses the problem of similarity between objects as a global matching problem. Consequently, most of these techniques do not support a part of the object as a query, in addition to their poor performance for classes with globally non-similar shape models and also for articulated objects. The partial matching technique seems to be a suitable solution to these problems. In this paper, we address the problem of shape matching and retrieval. We propose a new approach based on partial matching in which each 3D object is segmented into its constituent parts, and shape descriptors are computed from these elements to compare similarities. Several experiments investigated that our technique enables fast computing for content-based 3D shape retrieval and significantly improves the results of our method based on Data Envelopment Analysis descriptor for global matching.

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A novel switching bilateral filtering algorithm for depth map

A novel switching bilateral filtering algorithm for depth map

Ruchay Alexey N., Dorofeev Konstantin A., Kalschikov Vsevolod V.

Статья научная

In this paper, we propose a novel switching bilateral filter for depth map from a RGB-D sensor. The switching method works as follows: the bilateral filter is applied not at all pixels of the depth map, but only in those where noise and holes are possible, that is, at the boundaries and sharp changes. With the help of computer simulation we show that the proposed algorithm can effectively and fast process a depth map. The presented results show an improvement in the accuracy of 3D object reconstruction using the proposed depth filtering. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared in terms of the accuracy of 3D object reconstruction and speed with that of common successful depth filtering algorithms.

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A parallel fusion method of remote sensing image based on NSCT

A parallel fusion method of remote sensing image based on NSCT

Xue Xiaorong, Xiang Fang, Wang Hongfu

Статья научная

Remote sensing image fusion is very important for playing the advantages of a variety of remote sensing data. However, remote sensing image fusion is large in computing capacity and time consuming. In this paper, in order to fuse remote sensing images accurately and quickly, a parallel fusion algorithm of remote sensing image based on NSCT (nonsubsampled contourlet transform) is proposed. In the method, two important kinds of remote sensing image, multispectral image and panchromatic image are used, and the advantages of parallel computing in high performance computing and the advantages of NSCT in information processing are combined. In the method, based on parallel computing, some processes with large amount of calculation including IHS (Intensity, Hue, Saturation) transform, NSCT, inverse NSCT, inverse IHS transform, etc., are done. To realize the method, multispectral image is processed with IHS transform, and the three components, I, H, and S are gotten. The component I and the panchromatic image are decomposed with NSCT...

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A remote sensing and GIS based approach for land use/cover, inundation and vulnerability analysis in Moscow, Russia

A remote sensing and GIS based approach for land use/cover, inundation and vulnerability analysis in Moscow, Russia

Choudhary Komal, Boori Mukesh Singh, Kupriyanov Alexander Victorovich

Статья научная

Monitoring of land use/cover (LULC) change is very important for sustainable development planning study. This research work is to understand natural and environmental situation and its cause such as intensity, distribution and socio and economic effects in Moscow, Russia based on remote sensing and Geographical Information System techniques. A model was developed by following thematic layers: land use/cover, vegetation, soil, geomorphology and geology in ArcGIS 10.2 software using multi-spectral satellite data obtained from Landsat 7 and 8 for the years of 1995, 2005 and 2016 respectively. Increasing scientific and political interest in regional aspects of global environmental changes, there is a strong stimulus to better understand the patterns causes and environmental consequences of LULC expansion in the elevation of Moscow state, one of the areas in the nation with fast economic growth and high population density. A 70 to 300 m inundation land loss scenarios for surface water and sea level rise (SLR) were developed using digital elevation models of study site topography through remote sensing and GIS techniques by ASTER GDEM and Landsat OLI data. The most severely impacted sectors are expected to be the vegetation, wetland and the natural ecosystem. Improved understanding of the extent and response of SLR will help in preparing for adaptation.

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A solution method for image distortion correction model based on bilinear interpolation

A solution method for image distortion correction model based on bilinear interpolation

Li Jun, Su Jie, Zeng Xiliang

Статья научная

In the process of the image generation, because the imaging system itself has differences in terms of nonlinear or cameraman perspective, the generated image will face the geometric distortion. Image distortion in general is also a kind of image degradation, which needs the geometric transform to correct each pixel position of the distorted images, so as to regain the original spatial relationships between pixels and the original grey value relation, and which is also one of important steps of image processing. From the point of view of the digital image processing, the distortion correction is actually a process of image restoration for a degraded image. In image processing, in terms of the image quality improvement and correction technology, namely the image restoration, with the wide expansion of digital image distortion correction processing applied, the processing technology of the image restoration has also become a research hotspot. In view of the image distortion issue, this paper puts forward the image distortion correction algorithm based on two-step and one-dimensional linear gray level interpolation to reduce the computation complexity of the bilinear interpolation method, and divide the distorted image into multiple quadrilaterals, and the area of the quadrilateral is associated with the distortion degree of the image in the given region, and express the region distortion of each quadrilateral with the bilinear model, thus determining parameters of bilinear model according to the position of the quadrilateral vertex in the target image and the distorted image...

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Ab initio modeling of Raman and infrared spectra of calcite

Ab initio modeling of Raman and infrared spectra of calcite

Saleev Vladimir Anatolievich, Kalinin Nikita Victorovich

Статья научная

Calcite is the most thermodynamically stable polymorphic phase of the CaCO3 crystal. It is widely used in modern optical instruments operating in the infrared and visible wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation. In particular, due to its anisotropic properties, calcite is used in polarization optics devices. Ab initio quantum mechanical modeling of the Raman and infrared spectra of calcite makes it possible to better understand the structure and nature of the chemical bonds of the compound, and find the optimal conditions for the effective use of unique properties of calcite in photonics tools. The calculations are performed within the framework of the density functional theory in the CRYSTAL program, using the “hybrid” B3LYP functional and the all-electronic bases of the STO-6G, PO-TZVP and BSD atomic orbitals of the Gaussian type. The obtained results for the elastic constants, Raman and infrared spectra of calcite agree satisfactorily with the available experimental data for the basic sets of POB-TZVP and BSD.

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Abstracts

Abstracts

Тезисы

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Acute ischemic stroke lesion segmentation in non-contrast CT images using 3D convolutional neural networks

Acute ischemic stroke lesion segmentation in non-contrast CT images using 3D convolutional neural networks

Dobshik A.V., Verbitskiy S.K., Pestunov I.A., Sherman K.M., Sinyavskiy Yu.N., Tulupov A.A., Berikov V.B.

Статья научная

In this paper, an automatic algorithm aimed at volumetric segmentation of acute ischemic stroke lesion in non-contrast computed tomography brain 3D images is proposed. Our deep-learning approach is based on the popular 3D U-Net convolutional neural network architecture, which was modified by adding the squeeze-and-excitation blocks and residual connections. Robust pre-processing methods were implemented to improve the segmentation accuracy. Moreover, a special patches sampling strategy was used to address the large size of medical images and class imbalance and to stabilize neural network training. All experiments were performed using five-fold cross-validation on the dataset containing non-contrast computed tomography volumetric brain scans of 81 patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke. Two radiology experts manually segmented images independently and then verified the labeling results for inconsistencies. The quantitative results of the proposed algorithm and obtained segmentation were measured by the Dice similarity coefficient, sensitivity, specificity and precision metrics. The suggested pipeline provides a Dice improvement of 12.0 %, sensitivity of 10.2 % and precision 10.0 % over the baseline and achieves an average Dice of 62.8 ± 3.3 %, sensitivity of 69.9 ± 3.9 %, specificity of 99.7 ± 0.2 % and precision of 61.9 ± 3.6 %, showing promising segmentation results.

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